Kashmar () ( fa, کاشمر, also

Romanize Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, and ...

d as ''Kāshmar''; formerly ''Keshmar'', '' Torshīz'' or ''Soltanabad'') is a city and the capital of

Kashmar County Kashmar County ( fa, شهرستان کاشمر, ''Ŝahrestāne Kāŝmar'') is located in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. The capital of the county is Kashmar. At the 2006 census, the county's population (including those portions of the county l ...

, in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. Kashmar is located near the river Shesh Taraz in the western part of the province, and south of the province's capital

Mashhad Mashhad ( fa, مشهد, Mašhad ), also spelled Mashad, is the List of Iranian cities by population, second-most-populous city in Iran, located in the relatively remote north-east of the country about from Tehran. It serves as the capital of R ...

, in Iran, from east to

Bardaskan Bardaskan ( fa, بردسكن; also Romanized as ''Badar Askān'', ''Badr Eshkand'', ''Bardāskan'', ''Bardāskand'', ''Bardeshkand'' and ''Bardeskan'') is a city and capital of Bardaskan County, in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. Bardaskan use ...

, west to

Torbat-e Heydarieh Torbat-e Heydarieh ( fa, تربت حيدريه, also Romanized as Torbat-e Ḩeydarīyeh; also known as Torbat-e Heydari, Turbat-i-Haidari, Torbate Heydari, and Turbet-i-Haidari, and for short Torbat) is a city and capital of Torbat-e Heydarieh Co ...

, north to

Nishapur Nishapur or officially Romanized as Neyshabur ( fa, ;Or also "نیشاپور" which is closer to its original and historic meaning though it is less commonly used by modern native Persian speakers. In Persian poetry, the name of this city is wr ...

, south to

Gonabad Gonabad ( fa, گناباد , also Romanized as Gonābād; also known as Gūnābād; formerly Janābaz) is a city and capital of Gonabad County, in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2011 census, its population was 36,367, in 10,389 families. ...

. Until two centuries ago, this city was named Torshiz (). At the 2006 census, its population was 81,527, in 21,947 families.

Historical legends

Kashmar is a city with

ancient history Ancient history is a time period from the beginning of writing and recorded human history to as far as late antiquity. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with the Sumerian cuneiform script. Ancient history cove ...

and many

legendary stories A legend is a Folklore genre, genre of folklore that consists of a narrative featuring human actions, believed or perceived, both by teller and listeners, to have taken place in human history. Narratives in this genre may demonstrate human valu ...

Among the historical legends are about the Cypress of Kashmar. Tabriz 01a

Cypress of Kashmar

The Cypress of Kashmar is a mythical cypress tree of legendary beauty and gargantuan dimensions. It is said to have sprung from a branch brought by

Zoroaster Zoroaster,; fa, زرتشت, Zartosht, label=New Persian, Modern Persian; ku, زەردەشت, Zerdeşt also known as Zarathustra,, . Also known as Zarathushtra Spitama, or Ashu Zarathushtra is regarded as the spiritual founder of Zoroastria ...

from Paradise and to have stood in today's Kashmar in northeastern Iran and to have been planted by Zoroaster in honor of the conversion of King Vishtaspa to

Zoroastrianism Zoroastrianism is an Iranian religions, Iranian religion and one of the world's History of religion, oldest organized faiths, based on the teachings of the Iranian peoples, Iranian-speaking prophet Zoroaster. It has a Dualism in cosmology, du ...

. According to the Iranian physicist and historian

Zakariya al-Qazwini Zakariyya' al-Qazwini ( , ar, أبو يحيى زكرياء بن محمد بن محمود القزويني), also known as Qazvini ( fa, قزوینی), born in Qazvin (Iran) and died 1283, was a Persian cosmographer and geographer of Arab ances ...

King Vishtaspa had been a patron of Zoroaster who planted the tree himself. In his ''

ʿAjā'ib al-makhlūqāt wa gharā'ib al-mawjūdāt Aja'ib al-Makhluqat wa Ghara'ib al-Mawjudat'', ( ar, عجائب المخلوقات وغرائب الموجودات, meaning ''The Wonders of Creatures and the Marvels of Creation'') is an important work of cosmography by Zakariya al-Qazwini, who ...

'', he further describes how the

Al-Mutawakkil Abū al-Faḍl Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad al-Muʿtaṣim bi-ʾllāh ( ar, جعفر بن محمد المعتصم بالله; March 822 – 11 December 861), better known by his regnal name Al-Mutawakkil ʿalā Allāh (, "He who relies on God") was t ...

in 247 AH (861 AD) caused the mighty cypress to be felled, and then transported it across Iran, to be used for beams in his new palace at

Samarra Samarra ( ar, سَامَرَّاء, ') is a city in Iraq. It stands on the east bank of the Tigris in the Saladin Governorate, north of Baghdad. The city of Samarra was founded by Abbasid Caliph Al-Mutasim for his Turkish professional army ...

. Before, he wanted the tree to be reconstructed before his eyes. This was done in spite of protests by the Iranians, who offered a very high sum of money to save the tree. Al-Mutawakkil never saw the cypress, because he was murdered by a

Turkish Turkish may refer to: *a Turkic language spoken by the Turks * of or about Turkey ** Turkish language *** Turkish alphabet ** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation *** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey *** Turkish communities and mi ...

soldier (possibly in the employ of his son) on the night when it arrived on the banks of the

Tigris The Tigris () is the easternmost of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates. The river flows south from the mountains of the Armenian Highlands through the Syrian and Arabian Deserts, and empties into the ...

Fire Temple of Kashmar

Kashmar

Fire Temple A fire temple, Agiary, Atashkadeh ( fa, آتشکده), Atashgah () or Dar-e Mehr () is the place of worship for the followers of Zoroastrianism, the ancient religion of Iran (Persia). In the Zoroastrian religion, fire (see ''atar''), together wi ...

was the first

Zoroastrian Zoroastrianism is an Iranian religion and one of the world's oldest organized faiths, based on the teachings of the Iranian-speaking prophet Zoroaster. It has a dualistic cosmology of good and evil within the framework of a monotheistic on ...

fire temple built by

Vishtaspa Vishtaspa ( ae, 𐬬𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬁𐬯𐬞𐬀 ; peo, 𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱 ; fa, گشتاسپ ; grc, Ὑστάσπης ) is the Avestan-language name of a figure of Zoroastrian scripture and tradition, portrayed as an early followe ...

at the request of

in Kashmar. In a part of

Ferdowsi Abul-Qâsem Ferdowsi Tusi ( fa, ; 940 – 1019/1025 CE), also Firdawsi or Ferdowsi (), was a Persians, Persian poet and the author of ''Shahnameh'' ("Book of Kings"), which is one of the world's longest epic poetry, epic poems created by a sin ...

Shahnameh The ''Shahnameh'' or ''Shahnama'' ( fa, شاهنامه, Šāhnāme, lit=The Book of Kings, ) is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between c. 977 and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran. Consisting of some 50,00 ...

, the story of finding Zarathustra and accepting Vishtaspa's religion is regulated that after accepting

Zoroastrian religion Zoroastrianism is an Iranian religion and one of the world's oldest organized faiths, based on the teachings of the Iranian-speaking prophet Zoroaster. It has a dualistic cosmology of good and evil within the framework of a monotheistic ...

, Vishtaspa sends priests all over the universe And Azar enters the fire temples (

domes A dome () is an architectural element similar to the hollow upper half of a sphere. There is significant overlap with the term cupola, which may also refer to a dome or a structure on top of a dome. The precise definition of a dome has been a m ...

) and the first of them is

Adur Burzen-Mihr Adur Burzen-Mihr (Middle Iranian) or Azar Barzin ( fa, آذر برزین) was an '' Atash Bahram'' (a Zoroastrian fire temple of the highest grade) located in Parthia. In the Sasanian period it was one of the three Great Fires and was associated ...

who founded in Kashmar and planted a cypress tree in front of the fire temple and made it a symbol of accepting the Bahai religion And he sent priests all over the world, and commanded all the famous men and women to come to that place of worship.

Religion

The city is fourth

pilgrimage A pilgrimage is a journey, often into an unknown or foreign place, where a person goes in search of new or expanded meaning about their self, others, nature, or a higher good, through the experience. It can lead to a personal transformation, aft ...

city in Iran and it is the second most pilgrimage city after

in Razavi Khorasan Province.

Education

At present, Kashmar has five higher education centers, including Payame Noor University of Kashmar, Islamic Azad University of Kashmar, Jihad University of Kashmar, Kashmar Higher Education Center and the

School of Nursing Nurse education consists of the theoretical and practical training provided to nurses with the purpose to prepare them for their duties as nursing care professionals. This education is provided to student nurses by experienced nurses and other med ...

. According to the

statistics Statistics (from German language, German: ''wikt:Statistik#German, Statistik'', "description of a State (polity), state, a country") is the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of ...

of the above institute, 3,794,420 students are studying in the country's universities, of which about 3,500 are Kashmir students. Raisins_01

Souvenirs

The city is a major producer of

raisin A raisin is a dried grape. Raisins are produced in many regions of the world and may be eaten raw or used in cooking, baking, and brewing. In the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, and Australia, the word ''raisin'' is reserved for the d ...

s and has about 40 types of grapes. It is also internationally recognized for exporting

saffron Saffron () is a spice derived from the flower of ''Crocus sativus'', commonly known as the "saffron crocus". The vivid crimson stigma and styles, called threads, are collected and dried for use mainly as a seasoning and colouring agent i ...

and handmade

Persian rugs A Persian carpet ( fa, فرش ایرانی, translit=farš-e irâni ) or Persian rug ( fa, قالی ایرانی, translit=qâli-ye irâni ),Savory, R., ''Carpets'',(Encyclopaedia Iranica); accessed January 30, 2007. also known as Iranian ...

. The main souvenirs of this city are the Kashmar carpet,

s, grapes,

dried fruit Dried fruit is fruit from which the majority of the original water content has been removed either naturally, through sun drying, or through the use of specialized dryers or dehydrators. Dried fruit has a long tradition of use dating back to th ...

s, and the confectionary

sohan Sohan is a village and union council of Jhelum District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. It is part of Jhelum Tehsil, and is located at 33°3'25N 73°26'30E with an altitude of 303 metres (997 feet). Most of the population belong to t ...

Kashmar carpet

Kashmar carpet is a regional

Persian carpet A Persian carpet ( fa, فرش ایرانی, translit=farš-e irâni ) or Persian rug ( fa, قالی ایرانی, translit=qâli-ye irâni ),Savory, R., ''Carpets'',(Encyclopaedia Iranica); accessed January 30, 2007. also known as Iranian ...

named after its origin, the city of Kashmar, that is produced throughout the

. The carpets are handmade and are often available with landscape and hunting designs. The history of carpet weaving in Kashmar dates back to 150 years and the contemporary art of carpet weaving dates back to 1920. However, between 1260 and 1280, mass production of carpets was recorded by historians. The first master weaver in the Kashmar region was Mohammad Kermani, who, despite his last name, was not from

Kerman Kerman ( fa, كرمان, Kermân ; also romanization of Persian, romanized as Kermun and Karmana), known in ancient times as the satrapy of Carmania, is the capital city of Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2011 census, its population was 821,394, in ...

, but people say he was born in a village called Forutqeh near Kashmar. According to historians, the master weaver brought the knowledge of carpet weaving from Kerman province, and his first work was probably commissioned by Saeed Hossein Sajjadi, a native and resident of Forutqeh and a famous carpet manufacturer.

Historical sites, ancient artifacts and tourism

Tomb of Hassan Modarres

The Tomb of Sayyid

Hassan Modarres Seyyed Hassan Modarres ( fa, سید حسن مدرس c. 1870 Sarabeh, 1 December 1937, Kashmar) was an Iranian Twelver Shi'a cleric and a notable supporter of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution. He was among the founding members, along with Abdo ...

is the burial site of Sayyid Hassan Modares, former

Prime Minister of Iran The Prime Minister of Iran was a political post that had existed in Iran (Persia) during much of the 20th century. It began in 1906 during the Qajar dynasty and into the start of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1923 and into the 1979 Iranian Revolution ...

. It was built in 1937 in Kashmar, Iran, as opposed to using the former tomb of Kashmar in the vast gardens of Kashmar. The tomb building consists of a central

dome A dome () is an architectural element similar to the hollow upper half of a sphere. There is significant overlap with the term cupola, which may also refer to a dome or a structure on top of a dome. The precise definition of a dome has been a m ...

, four dock and a dome made of

turquoise Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral that is a hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium, with the chemical formula . It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gemstone and ornamental stone for thousands of yea ...

, in the style of

Islamic architecture Islamic architecture comprises the architectural styles of buildings associated with Islam. It encompasses both secular and religious styles from the early history of Islam to the present day. The Islamic world encompasses a wide geographic ar ...

and the

Safavid dynasty The Safavid dynasty (; fa, دودمان صفوی, Dudmâne Safavi, ) was one of Iran's most significant ruling dynasties reigning from 1501 to 1736. Their rule is often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history, as well as one of th ...

. Seyed Hassan Modares lived during the

Pahlavi dynasty The Pahlavi dynasty ( fa, دودمان پهلوی) was the last Iranian royal dynasty, ruling for almost 54 years between 1925 and 1979. The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah Pahlavi, a non-aristocratic Mazanderani soldier in modern times, who ...

and was from the Sadat of Tabatabai. He was a political constitutionalist.

Hassan Modarres Museum

The Hassan Modarres Museum is a Museum belongs to the 21st century and is located in Kashmar, Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran.

Imamzadeh Seyed Morteza

Imamzadeh Seyed Morteza is related to the

Qajar dynasty The Qajar dynasty (; fa, دودمان قاجار ', az, Qacarlar ) was an IranianAbbas Amanat, ''The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896'', I. B. Tauris, pp 2–3 royal dynasty of Turkic peoples ...

and is located in Razavi Khorasan Province, Kashmar. Massive trees, waterfalls and swimming pools add to the attractions of this place, and on the other hand, a good number of living rooms provide a good base for traveling to this place, as well as the many shops and dining halls.

Imamzadeh Hamzeh, Kashmar

Imamzadeh Hamzah, Kashmar the oldest mosque in Kashmar, includes the tomb of Hamza al-Hamza ibn

Musa al-Kadhim Musa ibn Ja'far al-Kazim ( ar, مُوسَىٰ ٱبْن جَعْفَر ٱلْكَاظِم, Mūsā ibn Jaʿfar al-Kāẓim), also known as Abū al-Ḥasan, Abū ʿAbd Allāh or Abū Ibrāhīm, was the seventh Imam in Twelver Shia Islam, after hi ...

, the garden and the public cemetery, and is as an Imamzadeh.

Jameh Mosque of Kashmar

Jameh Mosque of Kashmar, the place where

Jumu'ah In Islam, Friday prayer or Congregational prayer ( ar, صَلَاة ٱلْجُمُعَة, ') is a prayer ('' ṣalāt'') that Muslims hold every Friday, after noon instead of the Zuhr prayer. Muslims ordinarily pray five times each day according ...

is performed, was built in Kashmar in 1791 by

Fath-Ali Shah Qajar Fath-Ali Shah Qajar ( fa, فتحعلى‌شاه قاجار, Fatḥ-ʻAli Šâh Qâjâr; May 1769 – 24 October 1834) was the second Shah (king) of Qajar Iran. He reigned from 17 June 1797 until his death on 24 October 1834. His reign saw the irr ...

. This Mosque is opposite the Amin al-tojar Caravansarai.

Jameh Mosque of Khalilabad

Jameh Mosque of Khalilabad dates back to the

and is located in Khalilabad, Razavi Khorasan Province.

Haji Jalal Mosque

Haji Jalal Mosque is a

period mosque in Kashmar, Razavi Khorasan Province.

Kohneh Castle, Zendeh Jan

Kohneh Castle is a Castle related to the

1st millennium File:1st millennium montage.png, From top left, clockwise: Depiction of Jesus, the central figure in Christianity; The Colosseum, a landmark of the once-mighty Roman Empire; Kaaba, the Great Mosque of Mecca, the holiest site of Islam; Chess, a new ...

and is located in the

Zendeh Jan Zinda Jan (Zindehjan, Fushanj) ( fa, زنده جان; fa, پوشنگ) is a town in the valley of the Hari River in the central part of Herat Province, Afghanistan at at 835 m altitude. It is 14 km east of Baranabad, and is the administrat ...

village.

Sir Cave

Sir Cave is a cave in

Sir ''Sir'' is a formal honorific address in English for men, derived from Sire in the High Middle Ages. Both are derived from the old French "Sieur" (Lord), brought to England by the French-speaking Normans, and which now exist in French only as p ...

village of the Central District of

Bardaskan County Bardaskan County ( fa, شهرستان بردسکن) is in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Bardaskan has also been called Baradaskan (باردسکن) or Berdaskan (برداسکن). The capital of the county is the city of Bardaskan. At the 200 ...

in Razavi Khorasan Province. The cave was inhabited in the past and was used as a shelter. Sir Cave is located on a rocky mountain with a height of about 80 meters and about 1608 meters above sea level. It is difficult to reach. Atashgah castle2021 2

Atashgah Manmade-Cave

The Atashgah Manmade-Cave or Atashgah Cave is located northwest of Kashmar city,

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

and the cave has two entrance passages.

Atashgah Castle

Atashgah Castle is a castle in the city of Kashmar, and is one of the attractions of Kashmar. This castle was built by the

Sasanian The Sasanian () or Sassanid Empire, officially known as the Empire of Iranians (, ) and also referred to by historians as the Neo-Persian Empire, was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th-8th centuries AD. Named ...

government and it was famous in ancient times.

Rig Castle

Rig castle is a Castle related to the

Seljuq dynasty The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids ( ; fa, سلجوقیان ''Saljuqian'', alternatively spelled as Seljuqs or Saljuqs), also known as Seljuk Turks, Seljuk Turkomans "The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turk ...

and is located in the

, Quzhd village.

Rahmanniyeh Castle

Rahmanniyeh Castle is a historical castle located in

in Razavi Khorasan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the 8th to 12th centuries AH.

Kondor Castle

Kondor Castle is a historical castle located in

Khalilabad County Khalilabad County ( fa, شهرستان خليل آباد) is in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by ...

in Razavi Khorasan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the 5th to 7th centuries AH.

Qal'eh Dokhtar, Khooshab

Qaleh Dokhtar is a historical castle located in

in Razavi Khorasan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the 6th to 8th centuries AH. Qal'eh Dokhtar2021

Qal'eh Dokhtar, Kuhsorkh

Qal'eh Dokhtar is a historical castle located in

Kuhsorkh County Kuhsorkh County ( fa, شهرستان کوهسرخ) is in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. The capital of the county is the city of Rivash. At the 2006 census, the region's population (as Kuhsorkh District of Kashmar County Kashmar County ...

in Razavi Khorasan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the

Nizari Ismaili state The Nizari state (the Alamut state) was a Shia Nizari Ismaili state founded by Hassan-i Sabbah after he took control of the Alamut Castle in 1090 AD, which marked the beginning of an era of Ismailism known as the "Alamut period". Their people w ...

Qal'eh Dokhtar, Doruneh

Qal'eh Dokhtar is a historical castle located in

in Razavi Khorasan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the 6th to 9th centuries AH.

Amin al-tojar Caravansarai

''Amin al-tojar Caravansarai'' is a

caravanserai A caravanserai (or caravansary; ) was a roadside inn where travelers ( caravaners) could rest and recover from the day's journey. Caravanserais supported the flow of commerce, information and people across the network of trade routes covering ...

related to the

and is located in Kashmar. This Caravansarai is opposite the

Jameh Mosque of Kashmar Jameh Mosque of Kashmar, the place where Jumu'ah is performed, was built in Kashmar in 1791 by Fath-Ali Shah Qajar. This Mosque is opposite the Amin al-tojar Caravansarai. Imams and speakers * Hassan Borhani, Imam of Friday Prayer * Seyed Kaze ...

Aliabad Tower

This tower is located in

Aliabad-e Keshmar Aliabad-e Keshmar ( fa, علی‌آباد کشمر) is a village in Kenarshahr Rural District, in the Central District of Bardaskan County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and als ...

, 42 km from Kashmar city. This tower is built on the castle and its minaret is similar to the tower and its facade is made of decorative brick inlay. This dome is 18 meters. Tall with an octagonal interior. This tower is in the historical records.

Firuzabad Tower

This minaret is made of brick and there are inscriptions on it called "

Kufic Kufic script () is a style of Arabic script that gained prominence early on as a preferred script for Quran transcription and architectural decoration, and it has since become a reference and an archetype for a number of other Arabic scripts. It ...

" which dates back to the late 7th century AH. Although the

minaret A minaret (; ar, منارة, translit=manāra, or ar, مِئْذَنة, translit=miʾḏana, links=no; tr, minare; fa, گل‌دسته, translit=goldaste) is a type of tower typically built into or adjacent to mosques. Minarets are generall ...

is made of simple brick – the bricks are laid in a zigzag pattern to enhance its beauty. Inside the minaret, the remains of a staircase can be seen and holes are inscribed on the minaret. Currently, this minaret is 18 meters high.

Nameq Village

Nameq is located in a hilly area and many mountains surround the village. It has many historical sites, for example, the tomb of the great Gnostic Sheikh Abol Hassan (father of

Sheikh Ahmad-e Jami Ahmad Ibn Abolhasan Jāmi-e Nāmaghi-e Torshizi ( fa, احمد ابن ابوالحسن جامی نامقی ترشیزی) (born Namagh (now Kashmar), Persia, 1048 – died Torbat-e Jam, 1141) better known as Sheikh Ahhmad-e Jami or Sheikh Ahmad ...

) is located 500 meters. From the village in a green plain. In addition, there are the remains of an ancient castle, pre-Islamic and post-Islamic cemeteries, a

citadel A citadel is the core fortified area of a town or city. It may be a castle, fortress, or fortified center. The term is a diminutive of "city", meaning "little city", because it is a smaller part of the city of which it is the defensive core. In ...

, mosques and other beautiful pieces of architecture.

Shahi Dam

Shahi Dam was built about 700–1000 years ago and located in Kariz,

Seyyed Bagher Ab anbar

The Seyed Bagher Ab anbar is a historical

Ab anbar An ''ab anbar'' ( fa, آب‌انبار, literally " Cistern") is a traditional reservoir or cistern of drinking water in Greater Iran in antiquity. Structure To withstand the pressure the water exerts on the containers of the storage tan ...

that is located in city center of

, in Ghaem Avenue. This Ab anbar was added to the list of National Monuments of

As the 11034st monument.

Firuzabad area

The Firuzabad area is a historical area related to the Pre-Islamic period and is located in

, Central District, Firuzabad village. Haj Soltan Madrasa

Haj Soltan Religious School

This school is one of the buildings of the

Qajar era Qajar Iran (), also referred to as Qajar Persia, the Qajar Empire, '. Sublime State of Persia, officially the Sublime State of Iran ( fa, دولت علیّه ایران ') and also known then as the Guarded Domains of Iran ( fa, ممالک م ...

, which has a central courtyard and is surrounded on four sides by two-story rooms and two north and south porches.

Gabar Hesar Castle

Gabar Hesar Castle is a Castle related to the second century AH and is located in the

Darone Cave

Darone Cave is a cave in Bardaskan County, Iran. It is located in Cave Doruneh, Bardaskan.

Baghdasht Peak

Baghdasht mountain range, the largest peak of which is 2500 meters above sea level, is part of the Rivash heights and is located near the village of Kariz, 25 km northwest of Kashmar.

Talaabad Watermill

Talaabad Watermill is a

Watermill A watermill or water mill is a mill that uses hydropower. It is a structure that uses a water wheel or water turbine to drive a mechanical process such as milling (grinding), rolling, or hammering. Such processes are needed in the production of ...

related to the late Safavid period and is located in

, Central District, Quzhd village.

Tomb of Abdolabad

The Tomb of Abdolabad is a historical tomb and chahartaqi of

Ilkhanate The Ilkhanate, also spelled Il-khanate ( fa, ایل خانان, ''Ilxānān''), known to the Mongols as ''Hülegü Ulus'' (, ''Qulug-un Ulus''), was a khanate established from the southwestern sector of the Mongol Empire. The Ilkhanid realm, ...

era in Abdolabad village at

.The tomb was added to the list of National Monuments of

as the 10,908th monument.

Kondor Ab anbars

Kondor Ab anbars is two historical

s belongs to the first Pahlavi period and is located in

Sheshtaraz District , native_name_lang = fa , settlement_type = District , image_skyline = , imagesize = , image_alt = , image_caption = , image_flag = , flag_alt = , ...

, Kondor village.

Yakhchāl of Kashmar

The Yakhchāl of Kashmar is a historical

Yakhchāl Yakhchāl ( fa, یخچال "ice pit"; ''yakh'' meaning "ice" and ''chāl'' meaning "pit") is an ancient type of ice house that functions as an evaporative cooler. The structure had a domed shape above ground and a subterranean storage space. It ...

belongs to the

and is located in

, Razavi Khorasan Province.

Arg of Kashmar

Arg of Kashmar Or Arg of Hosen is a historical

Citadel A citadel is the core fortified area of a town or city. It may be a castle, fortress, or fortified center. The term is a diminutive of "city", meaning "little city", because it is a smaller part of the city of which it is the defensive core. In ...

located in

in Razavi Khorasan Province, The lifespan of this building goes back to

Imamzadeh Hassan, Khalilabad

Imamzadeh Hassan is a

Imamzadeh An imamzadeh () is a Persian language, Persian term with two related meanings: a type of holy person in Shia Islam, and the shrine-tomb of such a person. Firstly, it means an immediate descendant of a Shia, Shi'i Imamah (Shia doctrine), Imam. T ...

belongs to the

and is located in

, Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran.

Imamzadeh Mohammad

Imamzadeh Mohammad is a

belongs to the

History of modern ''History of Modern'' is the eleventh studio album by English electronic band Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD), released on 20 September 2010 by 100% Records. It is their first album since 1996, and the first to feature the classic four-pi ...

and is located in

, Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran.

Imamzadeh Qasem, Khalilabad

Imamzadeh Qasem is a

, Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran.

Bezanjerd Castle

Bezanjerd Castle is a historical castle located in Bezanjerd in Razavi Khorasan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the More than 200 years. Pir_ghoozhd

Grave of Pir Quzhd

Grave of Pir Quzhd is a historical

Grave A grave is a location where a dead body (typically that of a human, although sometimes that of an animal) is buried or interred after a funeral. Graves are usually located in special areas set aside for the purpose of burial, such as grave ...

related to the Before the 11th century AH and is located in Quzhd, Razavi Khorasan Province.

Ribat of Kabudan

Ribat of Kabudan is a historical

Ribat A ribāṭ ( ar, رِبَـاط; hospice, hostel, base or retreat) is an Arabic term for a small fortification built along a frontier during the first years of the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb to house military volunteers, called ''murabitun'' ...

related to the

and is located in Kabudan, Razavi Khorasan Province.

Band-e Qara Bathhouse

Band-e Qara Bathhouse is a historical

Public bathing Public baths originated when most people in population centers did not have access to private bathing facilities. Though termed "public", they have often been restricted according to gender, religious affiliation, personal membership, and other cr ...

related to the

and is located in Band-e Qara, Razavi Khorasan Province.

Band-e Qara Glacier

Band-e Qara Glacier is a

Glacier A glacier (; ) is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight. A glacier forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its Ablation#Glaciology, ablation over many years, often Century, centuries. It acquires dis ...

is located in Band-e Qara, Razavi Khorasan Province. Qanats_of_Quzhd2021

Qanats of Quzhd

The Qanats of Quzhd is a historical

Qanat A qanat or kārīz is a system for transporting water from an aquifer or water well to the surface, through an underground aqueduct; the system originated approximately 3,000 BC in what is now Iran. The function is essentially the same across ...

is located in Quzhd in

Yakhchāl of Geli

The Yakhchāl of Geli is a historical

belongs to the

and is located in Kalilabad, Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran. Khalilabad Hot Spring2013

Khalilabad Hot Spring

The Khalilabad Hot Spring is a

Hot spring A hot spring, hydrothermal spring, or geothermal spring is a spring produced by the emergence of geothermally heated groundwater onto the surface of the Earth. The groundwater is heated either by shallow bodies of magma (molten rock) or by circ ...

is located in

, Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran.

Qadamgah Hazrat Ali

The Qadamgah Hazrat Ali is a historical place belongs to the

and is located in

, Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran.

Beheshti Bathhouse

Beheshti Bathhouse is a historical

related to the

and is located in Khalilabad, Razavi Khorasan Province.

Nameq Cemetery

The Nameq Cemetery is a historical cemetery related to the

and is located in

Nameq Namaq ( fa, نامق, also Romanized as Nāmeq; also known as Nāmah-i-Haq, Nāmah-i-Haqq, Namagh, and Nemāḩaq) is a village in Barkuh Rural District, Kuhsorkh County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,134 ...

Nameq Castle

Nameq Castle is a historical castle located in

in Razavi Khorasan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the Before the

Mongol conquest The Mongol invasions and conquests took place during the 13th and 14th centuries, creating history's largest contiguous empire: the Mongol Empire (1206- 1368), which by 1300 covered large parts of Eurasia. Historians regard the Mongol devastati ...

Seyed Morteza Forest Park

The Seyed Morteza Forest Park is a

Forest Park A forest park is a park whose main theme is its forest of trees. Forest parks are found both in the mountains and in the urban environment. Examples Chile * Forest Park, Santiago China *Gongqing Forest Park, Shanghai * Mufushan National Fores ...

is located in Kashmar, Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran.

Ultralight Airport Kashmar

Ultralight Airport Kashmar is an airport in the city of Kashmar in Iran, which is located on a 17-hectare land in the southwest of Razavi Khorasan province, about 240 kilometers from the city of

; And with one runway, it has the capacity to accept all light and ultralight aircraft.

Notable people

Manouchehr Eghbal

Manuchehr Eqbal ( fa, منوچهر اقبال; 13 October 1909 – 25 November 1977) was an Iranian

royalist A royalist supports a particular monarch as head of state for a particular kingdom, or of a particular dynastic claim. In the abstract, this position is royalism. It is distinct from monarchism, which advocates a monarchical system of governme ...

politician. He held office as the

from 1957 to 1960. He served as the minister of health in

Ahmad Ghavam Ahmad Qavam (2 January 1873 – 23 July 1955; fa, احمد قوام), also known as Qavam os-Saltaneh ( fa, قوام السلطنه), was a politician who served as Prime Minister of Iran five times. Early life Qavam was born in 1873 to a ...

's cabinet, minister of culture in

Abdolhosein Hazhir Abdolhossein Hazhir ( fa, عبدالحسین هژیر‎; 4 June 1902 – 5 November 1949) was an Iranian politician who served as the Prime Minister of Iran under Mohammad Reza Pahlavi in 1948, having been a minister 10 times. One of his pos ...

's cabinet, minister of transportation in RajabAli Mansur's cabinet, and interior minister in

Mohammad Sa'ed Mohammad Sa'ed Maraghei ( fa, محمد ساعد مراغه‌ای; 28 April 1881 – 1 November 1973) was the 27th Prime Minister of Iran. Early life Sa'ed was born in Maragheh, and studied at the University of Lausanne. Prime Minister Sa'ed be ...

's cabinet. He also served as the governor of

East Azarbaijan East Azerbaijan Province ( fa, استان آذربایجان شرقی ''Āzarbāijān-e Sharqi''; az-Arab, شرقی آذربایجان اوستانی) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is located in Iranian Azerbaijan, bordering Armenia, ...

province. In 1957, he became prime minister, replacing Hussein Ala. Eghbal continued as prime minister until fall 1960 and was replaced by Sharif Emami. Until his death, he served as a top executive in Iran's National Oil Company. He was also one of the close aides to the Shah.

Fateme Ekhtesari

Fateme Ekhtesari, also Fatemeh Ekhtesari, (born 1986) is an Iranian poet. Ekhtesari lived in

Karaj Karaj ( fa, کرج, ) is the capital of Alborz Province, Iran, and effectively a satellite city of Tehran. Although the county hosts a population around 1.97 million, as recorded in the 2016 census, most of the county is rugged mountain. The urb ...

and she writes in

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

. In 2013, she appeared at the poetry festival in

Gothenburg Gothenburg (; abbreviated Gbg; sv, Göteborg ) is the second-largest city in Sweden, fifth-largest in the Nordic countries, and capital of the Västra Götaland County. It is situated by the Kattegat, on the west coast of Sweden, and has ...

(''Göteborgs poesifestival''). After she arrived back in Iran she was imprisoned and later released on bail. Her verdict came in 2015 when she was sentenced to 99 lashes and 11.5 years imprisonment for crimes against the Iranian government, for immoral behaviour and blasphemy. FRA-ARG_(12)

Alireza Faghani

Alireza Faghani ( fa, عليرضا فغانى, born 21 March 1978) is an Iranian international football referee who has been officiating in the

Persian Gulf Pro League The Persian Gulf Pro League ( fa, لیگ برتر خلیج فارس, ''Lig-e Bartar-e Xalij-e Fârs''), formerly known as the Iran Pro League ( fa, links=no, لیگ برتر ایران, ''Lig-e bartar-e Irân''), is the highest division of profe ...

for several seasons and has been on the FIFA list since 2008. Faghani has refereed important matches such as the 2014 AFC Champions League Final, the

2015 AFC Asian Cup Final The 2015 AFC Asian Cup Final was a football match which took place on 31 January 2015 at the Stadium Australia in Sydney, Australia, to determine the winner of 2015 AFC Asian Cup. It was played between South Korea and hosts Australia. Austral ...

, the

2015 FIFA Club World Cup Final The 2015 FIFA Club World Cup Final was the final match of the 2015 FIFA Club World Cup, an association football tournament hosted by Japan. It was the 12th final of the FIFA Club World Cup, a FIFA-organised tournament between the winners of the si ...

, the 2016 Olympic football final match. He has refereed matches in the

2017 Liga 1 The 2017 Liga 1, also known as Go-Jek Traveloka Liga 1 for sponsorship reasons, was the inaugural season of Liga 1 under its current name and the eighth season of the top-flight Indonesian professional league for association football clubs since ...

2017 FIFA Confederations Cup The 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup was the 10th and final edition of the FIFA Confederations Cup, a quadrennial international men's football tournament organised by FIFA. It was held in Russia, from 17 June to 2 July 2017, as a prelude to the 20 ...

2018 FIFA World Cup The 2018 FIFA World Cup was the 21st FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial world championship for men's national Association football, football teams organized by FIFA. It took place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018, after the country was awa ...

in Russia and the

2019 AFC Asian Cup The 2019 AFC Asian Cup was the 17th edition of the AFC Asian Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship of Asia organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). It was held in the United Arab Emirates from 5 January to 1 ...

. Alireza migrated to Australia in September 2019.

Fereydoun Jeyrani

Fereydoun Jeyrani ( fa, فریدون جیرانی; born in 1951, Bardaskan) is an Iranian film director, screenwriter, and Television presenter. He was the director, producer and host of haft (Seven) (an Iranian television series about Iranian Cinema) until 2012. Along with his unconventional performance in Haft, he is best known for directing

Red Red is the color at the long wavelength end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet. It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres. It is a primary color in the RGB color model and a secondar ...

, The Season Salad, Water and Fire,

Pink Pink is the color of a namesake flower that is a pale tint of red. It was first used as a color name in the late 17th century. According to surveys in Europe and the United States, pink is the color most often associated with charm, politeness, ...

and I am a Mother. Jeyrani TV Host

Haft Haft may refer to: * Haft, another name for the hilt of a bayonet, knife, or sword * Haft, the shaft of an arrow, axe, or spear * The narrow constricted part of the standards (petals) and falls (sepals) near the center of the iris flower * Haft, ...

First series.

Mohammad Khazaee

Mohammad Khazaee ( fa, محمد خزاعی, born 12 April 1953 in Kashmar,

)United Nation's press release
/ref> is the former Ambassador of

to the United Nations. He presented his credentials to the

United Nations Secretary-General The secretary-general of the United Nations (UNSG or SG) is the chief administrative officer of the United Nations and head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations. The role of the secretary-ge ...

Ban Ki-moon Ban Ki-moon (; ; born 13 June 1944) is a South Korean politician and diplomat who served as the eighth secretary-general of the United Nations between 2007 and 2016. Prior to his appointment as secretary-general, Ban was his country's Minister ...

in July 2007. He was elected as Vice President of the

United Nations General Assembly The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA or GA; french: link=no, Assemblée générale, AG) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), serving as the main deliberative, policymaking, and representative organ of the UN. Curr ...

on 14 September 2011.

Ali Rahmani

Ali Rahmani (علی رحمانی) was born in Kashmar (25 May 1967). He was the first managing director of

Tehran Stock Exchange The Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) ( fa, بورس اوراق بهادار تهران, romanized: ''Burs-e Owraq-e Bahadar-e Tehran'') is Iran's largest stock exchange, which first opened in 1967. The TSE is based in Tehran. , 339 companies with a com ...

. He is an associate professor at

Alzahra University Alzahra University ( fa, دانشگاه الزهرا, ''Dāneshgāh-e Alzahrā'') is a female-only public university in the Vanak neighborhood of Tehran, Iran. Alzahra University is the only comprehensive women's university in Iran and the Midd ...

Iran Teymourtash

Iran Teymourtāsh ( fa, ایران تیمورتاش; 1914–1991), the eldest daughter of Abdolhossein Teymourtāsh, is considered a pioneer among women activists in 20th-century

. Her father's position as the second most powerful political personality in Iran, from 1925 to 1932, afforded Iran Teymourtāsh the opportunity to play a prominent role in that country's women's affairs early in life.

Military operations

Iran–U.S. RQ-170 incident

On 5 December 2011, an American

Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel The Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel is an American unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) developed by Lockheed Martin and operated by the United States Air Force (USAF) for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). While the USAF has released few details ...

unmanned aerial vehicle An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known as a drone, is an aircraft without any human pilot, crew, or passengers on board. UAVs are a component of an unmanned aircraft system (UAS), which includes adding a ground-based controller ...

(UAV) was captured by Iranian forces near the city of Kashmar in northeastern

. The Iranian government announced that the UAV was brought down by its

cyberwarfare Cyberwarfare is the use of cyber attacks against an enemy state, causing comparable harm to actual warfare and/or disrupting vital computer systems. Some intended outcomes could be espionage, sabotage, propaganda, manipulation or economic war ...

unit which commandeered the aircraft and safely landed it, after initial reports from Western news sources disputedly claimed that it had been "shot down". The United States government initially denied the claims but later

President Obama Barack Hussein Obama II ( ; born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, Obama was the first Af ...

acknowledged that the downed aircraft was a US drone. Iran filed a complaint to the UN over the airspace violation. Obama asked Iran to return the drone. Iran is said to have produced drones based on the captured RQ-170.

Ban of Americans

In 2018, a pair of American citizens were issued hunting permits by the city of Kashmar. This was seen as irregular, and a commission was formed to protect the interests of the city against foreign influence. All involved departments were investigated severely and American citizens were banned from entering the city.

Kashmar Great earthquake

The Kashmar earthquake occurred on 25 September 1903, at 1:20 am UTC time in Iran. Its magnitude is 6.5 on the Richter scale. The

U.S. Geological Survey The United States Geological Survey (USGS), formerly simply known as the Geological Survey, is a scientific agency of the United States government. The scientists of the USGS study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources, and ...

also estimated the quake at E and its magnitude was 6.5 on the Richter scale.. The death toll from the earthquake was about 200. Kohsorkh road

Geographical location

Kashmar County with two

central Central is an adjective usually referring to being in the center of some place or (mathematical) object. Central may also refer to: Directions and generalised locations * Central Africa, a region in the centre of Africa continent, also known as ...

district and Farah Dasht, and to the center of Kashmar city has occupied an area of about 3390 square kilometers of Khorasan Razavi province With the County of Kuhsorkh. This city is adjacent to Khalilabad from the west, to

Sabzevar Sabzevar ( fa, سبزوار ), previously known as Beyhagh (also spelled "Beihagh"; fa, بيهق), is a city and capital of Sabzevar County, in Razavi Khorasan Province, approximately west of the provincial capital Mashhad, in northeastern I ...

and

from the north and northwest, to

from the east and northeast, and to the Feyzabad from the south and southwest. Kashmar city has two mountainous areas of the Rivash in the north and Fagan

Bajestan Bajestan ( fa, بجستان, also Romanized as Bajestān and Bejestān; also known as Bījestān and Bījistān) is a city and capital of Bajestan County, in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 11,136, in 3,090 ...

heights in the south and desert and arid regions in the west and south and fertile plains in the suburbs and its towns. In terms of climate, it can be said that Kashmar has all three types of climate because the northern parts of the city are mountainous and cold, the central regions are temperate and the southern regions are arid and semi-arid due to its proximity to the Lut desert.

Climate

Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as cold semi-arid (BSk) with short, cool winters and long, hot summers.

Gallery

File:Kashmar Enghelab sport complex 07.JPG, Kashmar Enghelab sport complex File:Kashmar Enghelab sport complex 10.JPG, Kashmar Enghelab sport complex File:Tree in Kashmar Kudak park.JPG, Tree in Kudak park File:Traffic police booth - Kashmar.JPG, Traffic police booth File:Martyrs sq (meydan e Shohada) (2).JPG, Shohada' Square File:Old wooden door - Symbol - Kashmar 1.JPG, Old wooden door Symbol Kashmar File:Pir ghoozhd.JPG, Grave of Pir Quzhd File:Yakhdan of Eshaqabad2021.jpg, Yakhchāl of Eshaqabad File:Yakhdan of Talabad2021.jpg, Yakhchāl of Talabad File:Yakhchāl of Geli2021.jpg, Yakhchāl of Geli File:Rivash2015.jpg, Rivash File:Seasonly floode in bardaskan playa.jpg, Bardaskan Playa File:K.sh.baran9.jpg, Kohneh Zendeh Jan Castle File:Bezanjerd Castle2021 32.jpg, Bezanjerd Castle File:ویرانه های حصار قلعه.jpg, Qal'eh Dokhtar, Khooshab File:قلعه رحمانیه دید از غرب.JPG, Rahmanniyeh Castle File:Rig Castle2021 24.jpg, Rig Castle File:کاروانسرای امین التجار کاشمر.JPG, Amin al-tojar Caravansarai File:ورودی رباط.jpg, Ribat-i Kabudan File:K.sh.baran10.jpg, Kondor Ab anbar 1 File:Jameh Mosque of Kashmar2021 3.jpg, Jameh Mosque of Kashmar File:نمایی از تپه باستانی فیروزآباد.JPG, Firuzabad area File:Dahan Ghal'e reservoir.JPG, Dahan Ghaleh Dam File:Kashmar2021 3.jpg, Kashmar in 2021 File:Kashmar2021 2.jpg, Kashmar in 2021 File:Kashmar 2021.jpg, Kashmar in 2021 File:Imamzadeh Mohammad2021.jpg, Imamzadeh Mohammad in 2021 File:Haji Jalal Mosque2021.jpg, Haji Jalal Mosque in 2021 File:Shesh Taraz River2021.jpg, Shesh Taraz River in 2021

References

External links

Kashmar
in

AccuWeather AccuWeather Inc. is an American media company that provides commercial weather forecasting services worldwide. AccuWeather was founded in 1962 by Joel N. Myers, then a Pennsylvania State University graduate student working on a master's degree i ...

{{Authority control Achaemenid cities Parthian cities Populated places in Kashmar County Shia holy cities Cities in Razavi Khorasan Province Nishapur Quarter Sasanian cities Seleucid colonies Kashmar County Ancient Iranian cities Holy cities