Karol Wiktor Zawodziński, pseudonym ''Karol de Johne'', (1 June 1890 – 14 December 1949) was highly acclaimed Lichodziejewska 1966
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Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken *Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...

literary critic Literary criticism (or literary studies) is the study, evaluation, and interpretation of literature. Modern literary criticism is often influenced by literary theory, which is the philosophical discussion of literature's goals and methods. Th ...

, theoretist and

historian of literature The history of literature is the historical development of writings in prose or poetry that attempt to provide entertainment, enlightenment, or instruction to the reader/listener/observer, as well as the development of the literary techniques u ...

. Associated with a poetical group

Skamander Skamander was a Polish group of experimental poets founded in 1918 by Julian Tuwim, Antoni Słonimski, Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz, Kazimierz Wierzyński and Jan Lechoń. Initially unnamed, in December 1919 it adopted the name ''Skamander'', after ...

Biography

Zawodziński was born on 1 June 1890 in

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

. In the years of 1908–1913 he studied a Roman philology at the university of

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

. In 1914 he joined Polish Legions and during the years of 1918–1932 was an officer in a Polish Army. In 1921 he made his own debut as a literary critic in ''Przegląd Warszawski'', where he also published his own poetry works, later collected in ''Descour'' under pseudonym Karol de Johne. Zawodziński was awarded Golden Laurel of the

Polish Academy of Literature The Polish Academy of Literature ( pl, Polska Akademia Literatury, PAL) was one of the most important state institutions of literary life in the Second Polish Republic, operating between 1933 and 1939 with the headquarters in Warsaw. It was foun ...

( pl, Złoty Wawrzyn Polskiej Akademii Literatury). In 1946 he became a professor of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. He died on 14 December 1949 in

Toruń )'' , image_skyline = , image_caption = , image_flag = POL Toruń flag.svg , image_shield = POL Toruń COA.svg , nickname = City of Angels, Gingerbread city, Copernicus Town , pushpin_map = Kuyavian-Pom ...

Notable works

* ''Maria Dąbrowska. Historyczno-literackie znaczenie jej twórczości'' (1933) * ''Zarys wersyfikacji polskiej'' (''Outline of Polish versification''), vol. 1–2 (1936–1954) * ''Blaski i nędze realizmu powieściowego w latach ostatnich'' (1937) * ''Liryka polska w dobie jej kryzysu'' (1939) * ''Stulecie trójcy powieściopisarzy'' (1947) ; Works published posthumously * ''Studia z wersyfikacji polskiej'' (1954) * ''Opowieści o powieści'' (1963) * ''Wśród poetów'' (1964)

Citations

References

* * * 1890 births 1949 deaths Polish literary historians Literary theorists Writers from Warsaw Academic staff of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń Polish Army officers Polish literary critics Polish male poets Golden Laurel of the Polish Academy of Literature 20th-century Polish poets 20th-century male writers {{Poland-poet-stub