''Karlodinium conicum'' is a species of unarmored
dinoflagellate
The dinoflagellates (Greek δῖνος ''dinos'' "whirling" and Latin ''flagellum'' "whip, scourge") are a monophyletic group of single-celled eukaryotes constituting the phylum Dinoflagellata and are usually considered algae. Dinoflagellates are ...
s from the genus ''
Karlodinium
''Karlodinium'' is a genus of athecate dinoflagellate
The dinoflagellates (Greek δῖνος ''dinos'' "whirling" and Latin ''flagellum'' "whip, scourge") are a monophyletic group of single-celled eukaryotes constituting the phylum Dinoflagella ...
''. It was first isolated from the Australian region of the
Southern Ocean
The Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean, comprises the southernmost waters of the World Ocean, generally taken to be south of 60° S latitude and encircling Antarctica. With a size of , it is regarded as the second-small ...
. It is large-sized and is characterized by having a distinct conical epicone and spherical posterior nucleus, hence its name. It is considered potentially
ichthyotoxic Ichthyotoxins are compounds which are either toxic to fish, or are toxins produced by fish. The former include the algae-produced euglenophycin and prymnesins, which can cause large-scale fish deaths. The latter includes ostracitoxin, produced by bo ...
.
References
Further reading
*Mooney, Ben D., et al. "Survey for karlotoxin production in 15 species of gymnodinioid dinoflagellates (Kareniaceae, Dinophyta) 1." Journal of Phycology45.1 (2009): 164-175.
*Mooney, Ben D., Gustaaf M. Hallegraeff, and Allen R. Place. "Ichthyotoxicity of four species of gymnodinioid dinoflagellates (Kareniaceae, Dinophyta) and purified karlotoxins to larval sheepshead minnow." Harmful Algae 9.6 (2010): 557-562.
External links
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WORMS
Species described in 2008
Gymnodiniales
{{dinoflagellate-stub