Karl Rabus (Russian: Карл Иванович Рабус (11 May 1800,
St. Petersburg
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
- 14 January 1857,
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
) was a Russian architectural painter and art teacher.
Biography
His father died when Karl was seven. At the age of only ten, he was sent to study at the
Imperial Academy of Arts
The Russian Academy of Arts, informally known as the Saint Petersburg Academy of Arts, was an art academy in Saint Petersburg, founded in 1757 by the founder of the Imperial Moscow University Ivan Shuvalov under the name ''Academy of the Thre ...
; remaining there until 1821, when he received a small gold medal and a second-degree certificate.
[S. N. Kondakov, ]
Anniversary reference book of the Imperial Academy of Arts. 1764-1914
'. Vol.2 (1915), St. Petersburg: R. Golike and A. Vilborg Partnership. p.163
Crimea
Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a pop ...
became one of his favorite places to paint. There, he created the works necessary for him to obtain the title of "Academician" by painting landmarks in a manner that would later become known as
en plein aire. He was awarded the title in 1827 for his canvas depicting a villa in
Gurzuf
Gurzuf or Hurzuf ( uk, link=no, Гурзуф, russian: Гурзу́ф, crh, Gurzuf, gr, link=no, Γορζουβίται) is a resort-town (urban-type settlement) in Yalta Municipality of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, a territory recognized b ...
, built by the
Duc de Richelieu. He also received praise for his view of
Balaklava
Balaklava ( uk, Балаклáва, russian: Балаклáва, crh, Balıqlava, ) is a settlement on the Crimean Peninsula and part of the city of Sevastopol. It is an administrative center of Balaklava Raion that used to be part of the Crim ...
. From Crimea, he went to
Odessa
Odesa (also spelled Odessa) is the third most populous city and municipality in Ukraine and a major seaport and transport hub located in the south-west of the country, on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea. The city is also the administrativ ...
, then spent some time in
Istanbul
Istanbul ( , ; tr, İstanbul ), formerly known as Constantinople ( grc-gre, Κωνσταντινούπολις; la, Constantinopolis), is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, ...
.
[A. I. Donchenko]
"Rabus, Karl Ivanovich"
@ Журнал (Rexstar)
In 1835, he moved to Moscow and became a teacher of
perspective, at the . Later, he taught the same subject at the . He also taught a few classes in the
theory of colors
''Theory of Colours'' (german: Zur Farbenlehre, links=no) is a book by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe about the poet's views on the nature of colours and how these are perceived by humans. It was published in German in 1810 and in English in 1840. ...
and art history. Sometimes, he would offer financial support to his most promising students.
A painting of the village church in was presented at court; obtaining him the title of
Court Painter
A court painter was an artist who painted for the members of a royal or princely family, sometimes on a fixed salary and on an exclusive basis where the artist was not supposed to undertake other work. Painters were the most common, but the cour ...
. In his later years, he tried his hand at writing; producing "A Guide to Perspective" and beginning a history of art. He also provided commentary on art for several magazines and newspapers.
During those years, he taught landscape painting at the
Stroganov School
Stroganov School (''Строгановская школа'' in Russian) is a conventional name for the last major Russian icon-painting school, which thrived under the patronage of the fabulously rich Stroganov family of merchants in the late 16t ...
and the
.
Toward the end of his life, he suffered from a type of
color blindness
Color blindness or color vision deficiency (CVD) is the decreased ability to color vision, see color or differences in color. It can impair tasks such as selecting ripe fruit, choosing clothing, and reading traffic lights. Color blindness may ...
(possibly due to
glaucoma
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that result in damage to the optic nerve (or retina) and cause vision loss. The most common type is open-angle (wide angle, chronic simple) glaucoma, in which the drainage angle for fluid within the eye rem ...
), that left him unable to distinguish orange and yellow shades. He died after an unspecified long and serious illness.
Selected paintings
Рабус Карл Иванович - Вид Москвы времён Петра.jpg, View of Moscow in the Times of
Peter the Great
Peter I ( – ), most commonly known as Peter the Great,) or Pyotr Alekséyevich ( rus, Пётр Алексе́евич, p=ˈpʲɵtr ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ, , group=pron was a Russian monarch who ruled the Tsardom of Russia from t ...
Рабус Карл Иванович - Спасские ворота в Москве.jpg, Spasskaya Tower
The Spasskaya Tower ( rus, Спасская башня, Spasskaya Bashnya), translated as 'Saviour Tower', is the main tower on the eastern wall of the Moscow Kremlin which overlooks Red Square.
History
The Spasskaya Tower was built in 1491 by th ...
, Kremlin
The Kremlin ( rus, Московский Кремль, r=Moskovskiy Kreml', p=ˈmɐˈskofskʲɪj krʲemlʲ, t=Moscow Kremlin) is a fortified complex in the center of Moscow founded by the Rurik dynasty, Rurik dynasty. It is the best known of th ...
Рабус Карл Иванович - Преображенская церковь в Алексеевском монастыре (1838).jpg, Transfiguration Church at the
Рабус Карл Иванович - Терем царя Алексея Михайловича.jpg, The Terem
TEREM - HOLDING JSC ( Cyrillic: ТЕРЕМ) is a state-owned company of the Bulgarian Ministry of Defence specialized in repairs, modernization and logistical support of aviation equipment, ships and vessels, armored vehicles, small arms, artiller ...
of Tsar Alexis Alexis may refer to:
People Mononym
* Alexis (poet) ( – ), a Greek comic poet
* Alexis (sculptor), an ancient Greek artist who lived around the 3rd or 4th century BC
* Alexis (singer) (born 1968), German pop singer
* Alexis (comics) (1946–1977 ...
References
Further reading
*
Brief biography@ Русская живопись (Artsait)
External links
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rabus, Karl
1800 births
1857 deaths
Russian painters
Court painters
Cityscape artists
Imperial Academy of Arts alumni
Artists from Saint Petersburg
Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture faculty