Karkashshi (Karkašši) was a city in ancient
Media
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Communication
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.
Karkashshi was first mentioned as ''Garkasia'', a Median settlement paying tribute to
Assyrian
Assyrian may refer to:
* Assyrian people, the indigenous ethnic group of Mesopotamia.
* Assyria, a major Mesopotamian kingdom and empire.
** Early Assyrian Period
** Old Assyrian Period
** Middle Assyrian Empire
** Neo-Assyrian Empire
* Assyrian ...
king
Shalmaneser II Salmānu-ašarēd II, inscribed mdSILIM''-ma-nu-''MAŠ/SAG, meaning " Being peaceful is foremost," was the king of Assyria 1030–1019 BC, the 93rd to appear on the ''Khorsabad'' copy''Khorsabad Kinglist'', tablet IM 60017 (excavation nos.: DS 828, ...
(1030–1019 BCE).
[: "Les expressions textuelles ne disent pas comme je l'ai cru que Kashtaritu était un chef gimirrien, ni que la ville de Karkashshi se trouvait sur le territoire des Gimir. J'ai trouvé dernièrement la vraie position de cette ville. Elle est mentionnée, sous la forme peu différente de ''Garkasia'', dans la liste des villes médiques qui ont payé tribut à Salmanassar II. Ce fait explique très naturellement le caractère visiblement iranien du chef.] Karkashshi was later mentioned in tablets found in
Nineveh
Nineveh (; akk, ; Biblical Hebrew: '; ar, نَيْنَوَىٰ '; syr, ܢܝܼܢܘܹܐ, Nīnwē) was an ancient Assyrian city of Upper Mesopotamia, located in the modern-day city of Mosul in northern Iraq. It is located on the eastern ban ...
, dating from the 7th-century BCE. During the 670s BCE, it was in the possession of Median chieftain,
Kashtariti Kashtariti (Akkadian: ; Median: ; fl. 670s BCE) was a Median chieftain. He is mentioned as "King of the Medes" in an inscription dated 678 BCE.: "In an inscription dated in 678 B.C., Kash-tariti, according to Boscawen, is called "King of the Medes ...
.
[: "KASHTARITI (kaš-ta-ri-ti, the Old Iranian Khshathrita), a city lord of Karkashshi which was located in the Central Zagros mountains."]
In an article for the ''
Journal asiatique
The ''Journal asiatique'' (full earlier title ''Journal Asiatique ou Recueil de Mémoires, d'Extraits et de Notices relatifs à l'Histoire, à la Philosophie, aux Langues et à la Littérature des Peuples Orientaux'') is a biannual peer-reviewed a ...
'' in 1880,
Joseph Halévy __NOTOC__
Joseph Halévy (15 December 1827, in Adrianople – 21 January 1917, in Paris) was an Ottoman born Jewish-French Orientalist and traveller.
His most notable work was done in Yemen, which he crossed during 1869 to 1870 in search of Sab ...
proposed that Karkashshi was located in Karkathiokertha (Karkasiokertha) in
Armenia
Armenia (), , group=pron officially the Republic of Armenia,, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia.The UNbr>classification of world regions places Armenia in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook , , and ''Ox ...
. However, he later withdrew his interpretation.
[: "Karkashshi had been identified with Karkathiokertha or Karkasiokertha in Armenia, by Halévy (''Journal Asiatique'', vol. xv. 1880, pp. 530, 531), who later on withdrew this interpretation (''Recherches Bibliques'', pp. 321, 325): the site is unknown, but the list of Median princes subdued by Sargon (Winckler, ''Die Keilschrifttexte Sargons'', vol. ii. pl. 44 B) shows that it was situated in Media"] It is now generally believed that Karkashshi was located in Media, within the Central
Zagros Mountains
The Zagros Mountains ( ar, جبال زاغروس, translit=Jibal Zaghrus; fa, کوههای زاگرس, Kuh hā-ye Zāgros; ku, چیاکانی زاگرۆس, translit=Çiyakani Zagros; Turkish: ''Zagros Dağları''; Luri: ''Kuh hā-ye Zāgro ...
(present-day
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
). Karkashshi may have been presumably located near modern-day
Karkasheh.
References
Sources
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Medes