Karen Tuttle (March 28, 1920 – December 16, 2010) was an American

viola The viola ( , also , ) is a string instrument that is bow (music), bowed, plucked, or played with varying techniques. Slightly larger than a violin, it has a lower and deeper sound. Since the 18th century, it has been the middle or alto voice of ...

teacher, most famous for developing the Karen Tuttle Coordination Technique, which emphasizes being comfortable while playing the instrument. She began performing on violin at the age of sixteen before switching to viola in 1941. Tuttle actively performed and taught at a number of institutions until her retirement in 2005.

Early Years and Education

Born Katherine Ann Tuttle in

Lewiston, Idaho Lewiston is a city and the county seat of Nez Perce County, Idaho, United States, in the state's north central region. It is the second-largest city in the northern Idaho region, behind Coeur d'Alene, and ninth-largest in the state. Lewiston is ...

, she changed her name to Karen as a young woman. Her father Ray, a fiddler from a family of farmers, and her mother Eunice, the director of a local church choir, moved to

Walla Walla, Washington Walla Walla is a city in Walla Walla County, Washington, where it is the largest city and county seat. It had a population of 34,060 at the 2020 census, estimated to have decreased to 33,927 as of 2021. The population of the city and its two su ...

with Karen when she was twelve. After eighth grade, Karen refused to continue school, and instead, devoted her time to learning the violin. She studied with Jean Heers, Karel Havlíček, and

Henri Temianka Henri Temianka (19 November 19067 November 1992) was a virtuoso violinist, conductor, author and music educator. Early years Henri Temianka was born in Greenock, Scotland, to parents who were Polish emigrants. He studied violin with Carel Blit ...

, and actively toured the West Coast as a teen. However, she experienced tension and pain from playing the violin that her teachers could not solve. In 1941, Tuttle heard violist

William Primrose William Primrose CBE (23 August 19041 May 1982) was a Scottish violist and teacher. He performed with the London String Quartet from 1930 to 1935. He then joined the NBC Symphony Orchestra where he formed the Primrose Quartet. He performed in ...

play in Los Angeles with the

London String Quartet The London String Quartet was a string quartet founded in London in 1908 which remained one of the leading English chamber groups into the 1930s, and made several well-known recordings. Personnel The personnel of the London String Quartet was: ...

. She was so impressed with his relaxed way of playing that she immediately asked him for lessons. Primrose agreed, as long as she switched to viola and moved to Philadelphia to attend the

Curtis Institute of Music The Curtis Institute of Music is a private conservatory in Philadelphia. It offers a performance diploma, Bachelor of Music, Master of Music in opera, and a Professional Studies Certificate in opera. All students attend on full scholarship. Hi ...

, where Primrose was a faculty member. While at Curtis, Tuttle spent hours observing Primrose and analyzing his relaxed way of playing. In 1944, she became Primrose's teacher assistant. Primrose often sent students with technical problems to Tuttle for help, because she could better articulate what they needed to create beautiful sound. She graduated in 1948, and when Primrose left Curtis in 1951, Tuttle became the head of the viola and chamber music departments. She taught at the Curtis Institute of Music until 1955.

Career

Although an excellent teacher, Tuttle also continued to perform on the viola. In the early 1950s, she became the first female member of the

NBC Symphony Orchestra The NBC Symphony Orchestra was a radio orchestra conceived by David Sarnoff, the president of the Radio Corporation of America, especially for the conductor Arturo Toscanini. The NBC Symphony performed weekly radio concert broadcasts with Tosca ...

. In 1955, she collaborated with cellist

Pablo Casals Pau Casals i Defilló (Catalan: ; 29 December 187622 October 1973), usually known in English by his Castilian Spanish name Pablo Casals,

at the

Pablo Casals Festival The Pablo Casals Festival is a music festival in the French Pyrenees created by the cellist and conductor Pablo Casals in 1950. History Casals opposed the Francoist regime in Spain which lasted until after his death. As an exile, Prades in th ...

in Prades, where she returned several times. She also frequently participated in the

Marlboro Music Festival The Marlboro Music School and Festival is a retreat for advanced classical training and musicianship held for seven weeks each summer in Marlboro, Vermont, in the United States. Public performances are held each weekend while the school is in sess ...

in Vermont. In 1958, she traveled to Fiji, Samoa, and Tahiti, and performed for native audiences there. She made her

Carnegie Hall Carnegie Hall ( ) is a concert venue in Midtown Manhattan in New York City. It is at 881 Seventh Avenue (Manhattan), Seventh Avenue, occupying the east side of Seventh Avenue between West 56th Street (Manhattan), 56th and 57th Street (Manhatta ...

recital debut in February 1960. Her recital was reviewed by Harold Schonberg, a leading reviewer for ''The New York Times''. He wrote, "About as large an audience as Carnegie Recital Hall has ever held jammed it yesterday evening at 5:30 to hear Karen Tuttle's recital. The violist, with Artur Balsam at the piano, gave a concert that seemed to be attended by every string player in town." Tuttle also performed and recorded with the Galimir, Gotham, and Schneider Quartets, which was revolutionary for a woman at the time. From 1965, she also played with the American String Trio. From 1970 onward, she taught at the

State University of New York at Albany The State University of New York at Albany, commonly referred to as the University at Albany, UAlbany or SUNY Albany, is a public research university with campuses in Albany, Rensselaer, and Guilderland, New York. Founded in 1844, it is one ...

, the

Philadelphia Musical Academy Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania#Municipalities, largest city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the List of United States cities by population, sixth-largest city i ...

, the

Peabody Institute The Peabody Institute of The Johns Hopkins University is a private conservatory and preparatory school in Baltimore, Maryland. It was founded in 1857 and opened in 1866 by merchant/financier and philanthropist George Peabody (1795–1869) ...

, Curtis, the

Mannes College of Music Mannes School of Music is a music conservatory in The New School, a private research university in New York City. In the fall of 2015, Mannes moved from its previous location on Manhattan's Upper West Side to join the rest of the New School cam ...

, the

Manhattan School of Music The Manhattan School of Music (MSM) is a private music conservatory in New York City. The school offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees in the areas of classical and jazz performance and composition, as well as a bachelor's in mu ...

, and

Juilliard The Juilliard School ( ) is a private performing arts conservatory in New York City. Established in 1905, the school trains about 850 undergraduate and graduate students in dance, drama, and music. It is widely regarded as one of the most elit ...

. She retired in 2005.

Personal life

Tuttle first married at age 18, and divorced before meeting William Primrose in 1941. While at Curtis studying with Primrose, at age 25, she married violist Philip Goldberg. This marriage was also short-lived. As a single woman, Tuttle had daughter in 1954, and she found a Reichian therapist to help her make peace with her decision to be a single mother. Coincidentally, in 1957, she married Dr. Morton Herskowitz, who was also Reichian therapist. She remained with him for the rest of her life. Karen Tuttle died on December 16, 2010, in Philadelphia from complications of Alzheimer's.

Honors and legacy

In 1994, Tuttle was recognized by

ASTA The General Students' Committee (German: Allgemeiner Studierendenausschuss) or AStA, is the acting executive board and the external representing agency of the (constituted) student body at universities in most German states. It is therefore consid ...

with the Artist Teacher Award. She also received honorary doctorate degrees from the

in 2005 and the

New England Conservatory The New England Conservatory of Music (NEC) is a private music school in Boston, Massachusetts. It is the oldest independent music conservatory in the United States and among the most prestigious in the world. The conservatory is located on Hu ...

in 2010. Tuttle developed the Karen Tuttle Coordination Technique by watching William Primrose play and collaborating with various people. Cellist

Pablo Casals Pau Casals i Defilló (Catalan: ; 29 December 187622 October 1973), usually known in English by his Castilian Spanish name Pablo Casals,

, violinist

Alexander Schneider Abraham Alexander Schneider (October 21, 1908 – February 2, 1993) was a violinist, conductor and educator. Born to a Jewish family in Vilnius, Lithuania, he later moved to the United States as a member of the Budapest String Quartet. Early li ...

, violinist and doctor

Demetrius Constantine Dounis Demetrius Constantine Dounis (also Demetrios), also known as D. C. Dounis ( gr, Δημήτριος Κωνσταντίνος Δούνης; ''c.''1886 to 1894 – August 13, 1954), was an influential teacher of violin and string instrument technique ...

, and psychiatrist

Wilhelm Reich Wilhelm Reich ( , ; 24 March 1897 – 3 November 1957) was an Austrian Doctor of Medicine, doctor of medicine and a psychoanalysis, psychoanalyst, along with being a member of the second generation of analysts after Sigmund Freud. The author ...

all inspired her. Her technique focuses on coordinating a musician's physical and emotional awareness to create a beautiful sound. Her method focuses on tensionless playing and is adaptable for each individual student's needs. The Karen Tuttle Coordination Workshop occurs annually for violists interested in exploring her technique. Several of her students now teach at prominent universities and music conservatories: Christine Rutledge, Sheila Browne,

Caroline Coade Caroline Coade is an American violist who was born and raised in San Diego. She began playing violin at the age of 6 but switched to viola when she turned 14. She graduated from the Interlochen Arts Academy and then pursued her Bachelor of Music de ...

, Susan Dubois, Edward Gazouleas, Jeffrey Irvine,

Kim Kashkashian Kim Kashkashian (born August 31, 1952) is an American violist. She is recognized as one of the world's top violists. She has spent her career in the US and Europe and collaborated with many major contemporary composers. In 2013 she won a Grammy A ...

Michelle LaCourse Michelle LaCourse is a viola player and string department chair on the faculty of the Boston University College of Fine Arts. Education LaCourse began her musical studies in the Traverse City (Michigan) School System. She has studied with David Hol ...

, Katherine Murdock,

Ashan Pillai Ashan Pillai ( born 1 December 1969 in Colombo, Sri Lanka) is a British violist. He was educated as a music and academic scholar at Merchant Taylors School, London and then at the Royal Academy of Music, London, the University of Southern Calif ...

Lawrence Power Lawrence Power is a British violist, born 1977, noted both for solo performances and for chamber music with the Nash Ensemble and Leopold String Trio. Career Power started out as a violist (rather than beginning studies on the violin and switc ...

, Lynne Ramsey, André Roy, Karen Ritscher,

Carol Rodland Carol Rodland is an American viola player who studied with Karen Tuttle at the Juilliard School. She was Tuttle's teaching assistant for several years before taking a position as a viola teacher at the New England Conservatory. In February 2008, i ...

, Kate Hamilton, Masumi Per Rostad,

Jennifer Stumm Jennifer Stumm is a concert violist, professor of viola at the University of Music and Arts of the City of Vienna and director of the Ilumina Festival in São Paulo. Life Originally from Atlanta, Georgia, Stumm studied at the Curtis Institute of ...

, and Stephen Wyrczynski.

Recordings

Karen Tuttle made many recordings throughout her career, both private and commercially released. Her discography includes: *

Johann Sebastian Bach Johann Sebastian Bach (28 July 1750) was a German composer and musician of the late Baroque period. He is known for his orchestral music such as the '' Brandenburg Concertos''; instrumental compositions such as the Cello Suites; keyboard w ...

. ''Musikalisches Opfer, BWV 1079, No. 8, Ricercar a 6''. Orrea Pernel,

, violin, Karen Tuttle, Milton Thomas, viola, Daniel Seidenberg, Leopold Teraspulsky, cello, June Rotenberg, Double Bass,

Pablo Casals Pau Casals i Defilló (Catalan: ; 29 December 187622 October 1973), usually known in English by his Castilian Spanish name Pablo Casals,

, conductor. (Cascavelle CD 3061) *

Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. Beethoven remains one of the most admired composers in the history of Western music; his works rank amongst the most performed of the classical ...

. ''Serenade in D, Op. 8''. American String Trio: Marvin Morgenstern, violin, Karen Tuttle, viola, John Goberman, cello. (SUNY Albany Music Department LP MG-7-201,818-9) *

Ernest Bloch Ernest Bloch (July 24, 1880 – July 15, 1959) was a Swiss-born American composer. Bloch was a preeminent artist in his day, and left a lasting legacy. He is recognized as one of the greatest Swiss composers in history. As well as producing music ...

. ''Suite for Viola and Piano (1919)''. Karen Tuttle, viola,

Jacob Lateiner Jacob Lateiner (March 31, 1928 – December 12, 2010) was a Cuban-American pianist. Early life and studies Though born on March 31, 1928, Lateiner's father did not get around to registering his birth until May 31 the same year. He was the br ...

, piano. (Privately released) *

Alexander Borodin Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin ( rus, link=no, Александр Порфирьевич Бородин, Aleksandr Porfir’yevich Borodin , p=ɐlʲɪkˈsandr pɐrˈfʲi rʲjɪvʲɪtɕ bərɐˈdʲin, a=RU-Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin.ogg, ...

. ''Quartet No. 2 in D Major''. Galimir Quartet:

Felix Galimir Felix Galimir (May 20, 1910, Vienna – November 10, 1999, New York) was an Austrian-born American violinist and music teacher. Born in a Sephardic Jewish family Vienna; his first language was Ladino. Allan Kozinn,"Felix Galimir, 89, a Violini ...

, Henry Siegl, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Seymour Barab, cello. (Period Records LP SPLP 505) *

Johannes Brahms Johannes Brahms (; 7 May 1833 – 3 April 1897) was a German composer, pianist, and conductor of the mid- Romantic period. Born in Hamburg into a Lutheran family, he spent much of his professional life in Vienna. He is sometimes grouped wit ...

. ''Songs for Alto, Viola, and Piano, Op. 91''.

Elaine Bonazzi Elaine Bonazzi (August 28, 1929 – January 29, 2019) was an American operatic mezzo-soprano who had an active international career from the 1950s through the 1990s. A singer with an unusually broad repertoire that encompassed both classical and c ...

, mezzo-soprano, Karen Tuttle, viola, Ellen Mack, piano. (Bridge CD 9176) *

Benjamin Britten Edward Benjamin Britten, Baron Britten (22 November 1913 – 4 December 1976, aged 63) was an English composer, conductor, and pianist. He was a central figure of 20th-century British music, with a range of works including opera, other ...

. ''Fantasy Quartet for Oboe and Strings, Op. 2''. Harold Gomberg, oboe, Felix Galimir, violin, Karen Tuttle, viola, Seymour Barab, cello. (Esoteric Records LP ES-504) *___. ''String Quartet No. 1 in D, Op. 25''. Galimir String Quartet: Felix Galimir, Leon Zawisza, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Seymour Barab, cello. (Esoteric Records LP ES-504) *

Jean Françaix Jean René Désiré Françaix (; 23 May 1912, in Le Mans – 25 September 1997, in Paris) was a French neoclassicism (music), neoclassical composer, piano, pianist, and orchestration, orchestrator, known for his prolific output and vibrant style. ...

. ''String Trio (1933)''. American String Trio: Marvin Morgenstern, violin, Karen Tuttle, viola, John Goberman, cello. (SUNY Albany Music Department LP MG-7-201,818-9) *

Alexander Glazunov Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov; ger, Glasunow (, 10 August 1865 – 21 March 1936) was a Russian composer, music teacher, and conductor of the late Russian Romantic period. He was director of the Saint Petersburg Conservatory between 1905 ...

Anatoly Lyadov Anatoly Konstantinovich Lyadov (russian: Анато́лий Константи́нович Ля́дов; ) was a Russian composer, teacher, and conductor (music), conductor. Biography Lyadov was born in 1855 in Saint Petersburg, St. Petersbur ...

and

Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov . At the time, his name was spelled Николай Андреевичъ Римскій-Корсаковъ. la, Nicolaus Andreae filius Rimskij-Korsakov. The composer romanized his name as ''Nicolas Rimsk ...

. ''Jour de Fete''. Galimir Quartet: Felix Galimir, Henry Siegl, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Seymour Barab, cello. (Period Records LP SPLP 505) *

Joseph Haydn Franz Joseph Haydn ( , ; 31 March 173231 May 1809) was an Austrian composer of the Classical period (music), Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the string quartet and piano trio. His contributions ...

. ''Quartet in C Major, Op. 76, No. 3, "Emperor"'' and ''Quartet in d minor, Op. 76, No. 2''. Galimir Quartet: Felix Galimir, Henry Siegl, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Seymour Barab, cello. (Period Records SPLP 504) *___. ''Quartet in E♭, Op. 1, No. "0"'' and ''Quartet in B♭, Op. 1, No. 1''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider,

Isidore Cohen ''For the composer born with this name, see Isidore de Lara'' Isidore Cohen (December 16, 1922 in Brooklyn, New York (state), New York – June 23, 2005 in Bronx, New York (state), New York) was a renowned chamber musician and violinist and member ...

, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Madeline Foley, cello. (Haydn Society LP HS-9075) *___. ''Quartet in E♭, Op. 1, No. 2'' and ''Quartet in D, Op. 1, No. 3''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Madeline Foley, cello. (Haydn Society LP HS-9076) *___. ''Quartet in G, Op. 1, No. 4'' and ''Quartet in C, Op. 1, No. 6''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Madeline Foley, cello. (Haydn Society LP HS-9077) *___. ''Quartet in A, Op. 2, No. 1'' and ''Quartet in D, Op. 2, No. 2''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Herman Busch, cello. (Haydn Society LP HS-9078) *___. ''Quartet in B♭, Op. 2, No. 3'' and ''Quartet in F, Op. 2, No. 4''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Herman Busch, cello. (Haydn Society LP HS-9079) *___. ''Quartet in D, Op. 2, No. 5'' and ''Quartet in B♭, Op. 2, No. 6''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Herman Busch, cello. (Haydn Society LP HS-9080) *___. ''Quartet in E, Op. 17, No. 1'' and ''Quartet in F, Op. 17, No. 2''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Madeline Foley, cello. (Haydn Society LP HS-9083) *___. ''Quartet in E, Op. 17, No. 1'' and ''Quartet in c, Op. 17, No. 4''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Madeline Foley, cello. (Haydn Society LP HSQ-13) *___. ''Quartet in F, Op. 17, No. 2'' and ''Quartet in E♭, Op. 17, No. 3''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Madeline Foley, cello. (Haydn Society LP HSQ-14) *___. ''Quartet in E♭, Op. 17, No. 3'' and ''Quartet in c, Op. 17, No. 4''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Madeline Foley, cello. (Haydn Society LP HS-9084) *___. ''Quartet in G, Op. 17, No. 5'' and ''Quartet in D, Op. 17, No. 6''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Madeline Foley, cello. (Haydn Society LP HSQ-15, HS-9085) *___. ''Quartet in E♭, Op. 20, No. 1'' and ''Quartet in C, Op. 20, No. 2''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Herman Busch, cello. (Haydn Society LP HS-16, HS-9086) *___. ''Quartet in g, Op. 20, No. 3'' and ''Quartet in D, Op. 20, No. 4''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Herman Busch, cello. (Haydn Society LP HSQ-17, HS-9087) *___. ''Quartet in f, Op. 20, No. 5'' and ''Quartet in A, Op. 20, No. 6''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Herman Busch, cello. (Haydn Society LP HS-9088) *___. ''Quartet in b, Op. 33, No. 1'' and ''Quartet in E♭, Op. 33, No. 2, "The Joke"''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Herman Busch, cello. (Haydn Society LP HSQ-19) *___. ''Quartet in E♭, Op. 50, No. 3'' and ''Quartet in f#, Op. 50, No. 4''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Madeline Foley, cello. (Haydn Society LP HS-9090) *___. ''Quartet in F, Op. 50, No. 5, "The Dream"'' and ''Quartet in D, Op. 50, No. 6, "The Frog"''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Madeline Foley, cello. (Haydn Society LP HSQ-24, HS-9091) *___. ''Quartet, Op. 51 "The Seven Last Words of Christ on the Cross"''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Madeline Foley, cello. (Haydn Society LP HSQ-39, HS-9041) *___. ''Quartet in C, Op. 76, No. 3, "Emperor"'' and ''Quartet in B♭, Op. 76, No. 4, "Sunrise"''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Herman Busch, cello. (Haydn Society LP HS-9053) *___. ''Quartet in D, Op. 76, No. 5'' and ''Quartet in E♭, Op. 76, No. 6''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Herman Busch, cello. (Haydn Society LP HS-9065) *___. ''Quartet in d, Op. 42'' and ''Quartet in G, Op. 77, No. 1''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Madeline Foley, cello. (Haydn Society LP HSQ-37) *___. ''Quartet in F, Op. 77, No. 2'' and ''Quartet in B♭, Op. 103''. Schneider Quartet: Alexander Schneider, Isidore Cohen, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Madeline Foley, cello. (Haydn Society LP HSQ-38) * Hindemith, Paul. ''Sonata for Viola and Piano, Op. 11, No. 4''. Karen Tuttle, viola, Pianist, unknown. (Privately released) *___. ''Die Serenaden, Op. 35, for Soprano, Oboe, Viola, and Cello''. Lois Winter, soprano, Ronald Roseman, oboe, Karen Tuttle, viola, and John Goberman, cello. (Desto LP DC 6484) *

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 17565 December 1791), baptised as Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart, was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period. Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition r ...

. ''Clarinet Quintet in A major, K. 581''. Sidney Forrest, Clarinet, Galimir Quartet: Felix Galimir, Stuart Canin, violins, Karen Tuttle, viola, Seymour Barab, cello. (Lyrichord LP LL67) *___. ''Oboe Quartet in F major, K. 370''. Orrea Pernel, violin, Karen Tuttle, viola,

Marcel Tabuteau Marcel Tabuteau (2 July 18874 January 1966) was a French-American oboist who is considered the founder of the American school of oboe playing. Life Tabuteau was born in Compiègne, Oise, France, and given a post in the city's municipal wind band ...

, oboe,

Paul Tortelier Paul Tortelier (21 March 1914 – 18 December 1990) was a French cellist and composer. After an outstanding student career at the Conservatoire de Paris he played in orchestras in France and the US before the Second World War. After the war he b ...

, cello. (Music and Arts CD 1113) *

Franz Schubert Franz Peter Schubert (; 31 January 179719 November 1828) was an Austrian composer of the late Classical and early Romantic eras. Despite his short lifetime, Schubert left behind a vast ''oeuvre'', including more than 600 secular vocal wor ...

. ''Quintet in A major, "Trout"''. Istvan Nadas, piano, Felix Galimir, violin, Karen Tuttle, viola, Laszlo Varga, cello, Julius Levine, bass. (Period Records LP SPL 730) *___. ''Quintet in C major, Op. 163, D. 956''. Orrea Pernel, Jacob Krachmalnick, violin, Karen Tuttle, viola, Pablo Casals, Madeline Foley, cello. (Music and Arts CD 1113) *

Alan Shulman Alan Shulman (4 June 1915 – 10 July 2002) was an American composer and cellist. He wrote a considerable amount of symphonic music, chamber music, and jazz music. Trumpeter Eddie Bailey said, "Alan had the greatest ear of any musician I ever came ...

. ''Homage to Erik Satie''. Karen Tuttle, viola, Orchestra, unknown, Conductor, unknown. (Privately released)

Early Years and Education

Career

Personal life

Honors and legacy

Recordings

References

Further reading