is a Japanese

philosopher A philosopher is a person who practices or investigates philosophy. The term ''philosopher'' comes from the grc, φιλόσοφος, , translit=philosophos, meaning 'lover of wisdom'. The coining of the term has been attributed to the Greek th ...

and

literary critic Literary criticism (or literary studies) is the study, evaluation, and interpretation of literature. Modern literary criticism is often influenced by literary theory, which is the philosophical discussion of literature's goals and methods. Th ...

Biography

Karatani entered the University of Tokyo in 1960, where he joined the radical Marxist

Communist League The Communist League (German: ''Bund der Kommunisten)'' was an international political party established on 1 June 1847 in London, England. The organisation was formed through the merger of the League of the Just, headed by Karl Schapper, and the ...

, better known as " The Bund," and participated in the massive 1960 Anpo protests against the

U.S.-Japan Security Treaty The , more commonly known as the U.S.-Japan Security Treaty in English and as the or just in Japanese, is a treaty that permits the presence of U.S. military bases on Japanese soil, and commits the two nations to defend each other if one or th ...

, which he would later come to view as a formative political experience. Karatani graduated with a B.A. in economics in 1965, and added an M.A. in

English literature English literature is literature written in the English language from United Kingdom, its crown dependencies, the Republic of Ireland, the United States, and the countries of the former British Empire. ''The Encyclopaedia Britannica'' defines E ...

in 1967. The Gunzō Literary Prize, which he received at the age of 27 for an essay on Natsume Sōseki, was his first critical acclaim as a literary critic. While teaching at Hosei University, Tokyo, he wrote extensively about modernity and postmodernity with a particular focus on language, number, and money, concepts that form the subtitle of one of his central books: ''Architecture as Metaphor''. In 1975, he was invited to Yale University to teach

Japanese literature Japanese literature throughout most of its history has been influenced by cultural contact with neighboring Asian literatures, most notably China and its literature. Early texts were often written in pure Classical Chinese or , a Chinese-Japanes ...

as a visiting professor, where he met Paul de Man and Fredric Jameson and began to work on formalism. He started from a study of Natsume Sōseki. Karatani collaborated with novelist Kenji Nakagami, to whom he introduced the works of

Faulkner William Cuthbert Faulkner (; September 25, 1897 – July 6, 1962) was an American writer known for his novels and short stories set in the fictional Yoknapatawpha County, based on Lafayette County, Mississippi, where Faulkner spent most of ...

. With Nakagami, he published ''Kobayashi Hideo o koete'' (''Overcoming Kobayashi Hideo''). The title is an ironic reference to “Kindai no chokoku” (''Overcoming Modernity''), a symposium held in the summer of 1942 at Kyoto Imperial University (now

Kyoto University , mottoeng = Freedom of academic culture , established = , type = National university, Public (National) , endowment = ¥ 316 billion (2.4 1000000000 (number), billion USD) , faculty = 3,480 (Teaching Staff) , administrative_staff ...

) at which

Hideo Kobayashi was a Japanese author, who established literary criticism as an independent art form in Japan. Early life Kobayashi was born in the Kanda district of Tokyo, where his father was a noted engineer who introduced European diamond polishing techno ...

(whom Karatani and Nakagami did not hold in great esteem) was a participant. He was also a regular member of ANY, the international architects' conference that was held annually for the last decade of the 20th century and that also published an architectural/philosophical series with Rizzoli under the general heading of ''Anyone''. Since 1990, Karatani has been regularly teaching at Columbia University as a visiting professor. Karatani founded the New Associationist Movement (NAM) in Japan in the summer of 2000. NAM was conceived as a counter–capitalist/nation-state association, inspired by the experiment of LETS ( Local Exchange Trading Systems, based on non-marketed currency). He was also the co-editor, with

Akira Asada is a Japanese postmodern critic and curator, whose interests include contemporary arts, the history of social thought, and economic philosophy. He is currently the Dean of the Graduate School at the Kyoto University of Art and Design. Until Mar ...

, of the Japanese quarterly journal ''Hihyōkūkan'' (''Critical Space''), until it ended in 2002. In 2006, Karatani retired from the chair of the International Center for Human Sciences at Kinki University, Osaka, where he had been teaching. In 2022, Karatani was awarded the $1 million Berggruen Prize for Culture and Philosophy.

Philosophy

Karatani has produced philosophical concepts, such as "the will to architecture", which he calls the foundation of all Western thinking, but the best-known of them is probably that of "Transcritique", which he proposed in his book ''Transcritique'', where he reads Kant through Marx and vice versa. Writing about ''Transcritique'' in the ''New Left Review'' of January–February 2004,

Slavoj Žižek Slavoj Žižek (, ; ; born 21 March 1949) is a Slovenian philosopher, cultural theorist and public intellectual. He is international director of the Birkbeck Institute for the Humanities at the University of London, visiting professor at New Y ...

brought Karatani's work to greater critical attention. Žižek borrowed the concept of "parallax view" (which is also the title of his review) for the title of his own book. Karatani has interrogated the possibility of a ( de Manian) deconstruction and engaged in a dialogue with

Jacques Derrida Jacques Derrida (; ; born Jackie Élie Derrida; See also . 15 July 1930 – 9 October 2004) was an Algerian-born French philosopher. He developed the philosophy of deconstruction, which he utilized in numerous texts, and which was developed t ...

at the Second International Conference on Humanistic Discourse, organized by the Université de Montréal. Derrida commented on Karatani's paper "Nationalism and Ecriture" with an emphasis on the interpretation of his own concept of écriture.

Bibliography

In English * ''Origins of Modern Japanese Literature'', Duke University Press, 1993. Translated by Brett de Bary * ''Architecture as Metaphor; Language, Number, Money'' MIT Press, 1995. Translated by Sabu Kohso * ''Transcritique: On Kant and Marx'', MIT Press, 2003. Translated by Sabu Kohso * ''History and Repetition'', Columbia University Press, 2011. Translated by Seiji M. Lippit * ''The Structure of World History : From Modes of Production to Modes of Exchange'', Duke University Press, 2014. Translated by Michael K. Bourdaghs * ''Nation and Aesthetics: On Kant and Freud'', Oxford University Press USA, 2017. Translated by Jonathan E. Abel, Hiroki Yoshikuni and Darwin H. Tsen * ''Isonomia and the Origins of Philosophy'', Duke University Press, 2017. Translated by Joseph A. Murphy * ''Marx: Towards the Centre of Possibility'', Verso, 2020. Edited, translated, and with an introduction by Gavin Walker In Japanese * 畏怖する人間 'Human in Awe'' Tōjūsha, 1972 * 意味という病 'Meaning as Illness'' Kawadeshobō, 1975 * マルクスその可能性の中心 'Marx: The Center of Possibilities'' Kōdansha, 1978 * 日本近代文学の起源 'Origins of Modern Japanese literature'' Kōdansha, 1980 * 隠喩としての建築 'Architecture as Metaphor'' Kōdansha, 1983 * 内省と遡行 'Introspection and Retrospection'' Kōdansha,1984 * 批評とポストモダン 'Postmodernism and Criticism'' Fukutake, 1985 * 探究 1 'Philosophical Inquiry 1'' Kōdansha, 1986 * 言葉と悲劇 'Language and Tragedy'' Daisanbunmeisha, 1989 * 探究 2 'Philosophical Inquiry 2'' Kōdansha,1989 * 終焉をめぐって 'On the 'End' '' Fukutake, 1990 * 漱石論集成 'Collected Essays on Sōseki'' Daisanbunmeisha, 1992 * ヒューモアとしての唯物論 'Materialism as Humor'' Chikumashobō, 1993 * “戦前”の思考 'Thoughts before the war'' Bungeishunjusha, 1994 * 坂口安吾と中上健次 'Sakaguchi Ango and Nakagami Kenji'' Ohta Press, 1996 * 倫理21 'Ethics 21'' Heibonsha, 2000 * 可能なるコミュニズム 'A Possible Communism'' Ohta Press, 2000 * トランスクリティーク：カントとマルクス 'Transcritique: On Kant and Marx'' Hihyōkūkansha, 2001 * 日本精神分析 'Psychoanalysis of Japan or Analysis of Japanese Spirit'' Bungeishunjusha, 2002 * ネーションと美学 'Nation and Aesthetics'' Iwanami Shoten, 2004 * 歴史と反復 'History and Repetition'' Iwanami Shoten, 2004 * 近代文学の終わり 'The End of Modern Literature'' Inscript, 2005 * 思想はいかに可能か 'How the ideas can be created'' Inscript, 2005 * 世界共和国へ 'Toward the World Republic'' Iwanami Shoten, 2006 * 日本精神分析 'Psychoanalyzation on Japan and/or Japanese Spirit'' Kōdansha, 2007 * 柄谷行人　政治を語る 'Talks on politics'' Tosyo Shinbun, 2009 * 世界史の構造 'The Structure of World History'' Iwanami Shoten, 2010 * "世界史の構造"を読む 'Reading "The Structure of World History"'' Inscript, 2011 * 政治と思想 1960-2011 'Politics and Thought:1960-2011'' Heibonsha, 2012 * 脱原発とデモ 'Denuclearization and Demonstration'' Chikuma Shobo, 2012 * 哲学の起源 'The Origin of Philosophy'' Iwanami Shoten, 2012 * 柳田國男論 'On Kunio Yanagita'' Inscript, 2013 * 遊動論：柳田国男と山人 'On Nomadization : Kunio Yanagita and Yamabito people'' Bungeishunjusha, 2014 * 帝国の構造 'The Structure of Empire'' Seitosha, 2014 * 定本柄谷行人文学論集 'Symposium on Literature'' Iwanami Shoten, 2016 * 憲法の無意識 'Unconsciousness of the Constitution of Japan'' Iwanami Shoten, 2016 * 力と交換様式 'Power and Modes of Exchange'' Iwanami Shoten, October 5th, 2022

Notes

External links

Official website"Japan as Museum"
by Karatani about Okakura Kakuzo. {{DEFAULTSORT:Karatani, Kojin 1941 births 20th-century Japanese philosophers 21st-century philosophers Columbia University faculty Continental philosophers Critical theorists Cultural critics Deconstruction Japanese literary critics Japanese Marxists Living people Marxist theorists Marxist writers People from Amagasaki Philosophers of art Philosophers of culture Philosophers of history Philosophers of literature Political philosophers Japanese social commentators Social critics Social philosophers University of Tokyo alumni Yale University faculty