wagon
A wagon or waggon is a heavy four-wheeled vehicle pulled by draught animals or on occasion by humans, used for transporting goods, commodities, agricultural materials, supplies and sometimes people.
Wagons are immediately distinguished from ...
semi-trailer
A semi-trailer is a trailer without a front axle. In the United States, the term is also used to refer to the combination of a truck and a semi-trailer; a tractor-trailer.
A large proportion of a semi-trailer's weight is supported by a trac ...
s. It has a drawbridge forming a pocket in the low position (hence its name) allowing the carrier train (2 or 3 axles) of the semi-trailer to be placed and thus to respect the height of the
loading gauge
A loading gauge is a diagram or physical structure that defines the maximum height and width dimensions in railway vehicles and their loads. Their purpose is to ensure that rail vehicles can pass safely through tunnels and under bridges, and ke ...
( above top of rail for the
loading gauge
A loading gauge is a diagram or physical structure that defines the maximum height and width dimensions in railway vehicles and their loads. Their purpose is to ensure that rail vehicles can pass safely through tunnels and under bridges, and ke ...
open wagon
Open wagons (trucks in the UK) form a large group of railway goods wagons designed primarily for the transportation of bulk goods that are not moisture-retentive and can usually be tipped, dumped or shovelled. The International Union of R ...
s. The axle models are UIC K type, their bogie S type counterparts.
In France
The '' 'kangaroo wagon' '' is the continuation of the UFR wagon. The latter no longer meeting transport requirements, a new type of wagon was studied for the transport of
semi-trailer
A semi-trailer is a trailer without a front axle. In the United States, the term is also used to refer to the combination of a truck and a semi-trailer; a tractor-trailer.
A large proportion of a semi-trailer's weight is supported by a trac ...
s but this time taking as a basis a standard trailer and not an adapted trailer.
Axle wagon
The first type of kangaroo wagon is a twin-
axle
An axle or axletree is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. On wheeled vehicles, the axle may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle. In the former case, beari ...
model weighing of tare, having a length of and accepting a load of . This wagon is within the limits of load, length and wheelbase, fixed by the
International Union of Railways
The International Union of Railways (UIC, french: Union internationale des chemins de fer) is an international rail transport industry body.
History
The railways of Europe originated as many separate concerns, and there were many border chang ...
(UIC), with a wheelbase of .
This type of wagon will be designated ''KE,'' Kangourou à Axieux, and will be built in 246 units divided into 4 orders from 1958 to 1963.
The wagon is distinguished by:
* a manoeuvrable
drawbridge
A drawbridge or draw-bridge is a type of moveable bridge typically at the entrance to a castle or tower surrounded by a moat. In some forms of English, including American English, the word ''drawbridge'' commonly refers to all types of moveable ...
which can occupy 2 positions:
** high position for the passage from one wagon to another
** low position to accommodate the wheels of the
semi-trailer
A semi-trailer is a trailer without a front axle. In the United States, the term is also used to refer to the combination of a truck and a semi-trailer; a tractor-trailer.
A large proportion of a semi-trailer's weight is supported by a trac ...
which rest on the wagon frame
* guide rails for the semi-trailer on the chassis, on the gangways and on the drawbridge
* and a
fifth-wheel coupling
The fifth-wheel coupling provides the link between a semi-trailer and the towing truck, tractor unit, leading trailer or dolly. The coupling consists of a kingpin, a vertical steel pin protruding from the bottom of the front of the semi-trai ...
for the longitudinally adjustable semi-trailer.
he kangaroo wagons run in block trains of several dozen wagons. They are necessarily all oriented in the same direction, otherwise the loading and unloading operations would be impossible. Yann Baude and Aurélien Prévot, "Bien use ses Kangourou", ''Loco-Revue'', n ° 814, May 2015, Auray, LR Presse, pages 54-57.
However, and this from 1962, new regulations in the highway code, new tractors with short cabins and new measures taken by the French National Railway Company (SNCF) make this type of wagon outdated! In fact, as the technique evolves, we have:
* a change from for the weight of the road assemblies with as a corollary a weight of the semi-trailer of up to ,
* a change from for the length of road assemblies,
* and the placing on the market of a short tractor, with as a corollary of these two points a length of the semi-trailer which can be up to ,
* an ability to travel at up to on the courier trains,
* and finally, with a view to the application of the automatic coupling, a design that can accommodate it.
Bogie wagon
As written above, the
axle
An axle or axletree is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. On wheeled vehicles, the axle may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle. In the former case, beari ...
wagon was very quickly superseded, the SNCF and decide to design a new wagon from 1965 but with
bogie
A bogie ( ) (in some senses called a truck in North American English) is a chassis or framework that carries a wheelset, attached to a vehicle—a modular subassembly of wheels and axles. Bogies take various forms in various modes of tr ...
s this time, to be able to accept the new standards. In addition, the design provides a margin to absorb possible new regulations increasing the weight and length of semi-trailers.
Thus from 1967 to 1968 a total of 80 wagons built in two series are delivered:
* series 5 with screw brake for 40 wagons,
* the 6 series without screw brake for 40 wagons.
The construction uses folded and welded sheets with braking equipment at the ends. These wagons weigh of tare, have a length of and accept a load of and are mounted on Y 29
bogie
A bogie ( ) (in some senses called a truck in North American English) is a chassis or framework that carries a wheelset, attached to a vehicle—a modular subassembly of wheels and axles. Bogies take various forms in various modes of tr ...
s allowing them a maximum speed of .
All these wagons are designed to run as block trains, cannot pass through the marshalling hump and will remain the property of SEGI.
This wagon will be designated ''SK'': Super Kangourou.
From 1968 to 1969 a new wagon is studied by taking the characteristics of the previous wagon but with mechanically welded sections instead of sheets. These wagons weigh of tare, have a length of and accept a load of and are mounted on Y 31 C
bogie
A bogie ( ) (in some senses called a truck in North American English) is a chassis or framework that carries a wheelset, attached to a vehicle—a modular subassembly of wheels and axles. Bogies take various forms in various modes of tr ...
s allowing them a maximum speed of .
The order covers a total of 440 wagons distributed as follows:
* series 7 for 50 wagons
* series 8 for 50 wagons
* series 10 for 50 wagons
* series 11 for 70 wagons
* series 13 for 50 wagons
* series 14 for 40 wagons
* the 16 series for 50 wagons
* the 18 series for 80 wagons
Of all these series, only one will remain the property of the SNCF: series 8.
This wagon (UIC Sss type) will be designated ''KB'': Kangourou à Bogies.
However from
1966
Events January
* January 1 – In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa takes over as military ruler of the Central African Republic, ousting President David Dacko.
* January 3 – 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état: President Maurice Yaméogo is ...
competition arrives with the
containers
A container is any receptacle or enclosure for holding a product used in storage, packaging, and transportation, including shipping.
Things kept inside of a container are protected on several sides by being inside of its structure. The term ...
. The SNCF is quickly moving towards this type of transport and tests are being carried out to ensure the handling of semi-trailerss in the same way.
The company Novatrans which manages the
piggyback
Piggyback, piggy-back, or piggybacking may mean:
Transport
* Piggyback (transportation), something that is riding on the back of something else
Art, entertainment, and media
* Splash cymbal piggybacking, mounting a cymbal on top of an already ...
decides in
1977
Events January
* January 8 – Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group.
* January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (now the Democrati ...
to only do vertical handling and to gradually abandon horizontal handling. Studies are being undertaken to transform the fleet of kangaroo wagons into container wagons or " pocket wagons" intended to receive the
semi-trailer
A semi-trailer is a trailer without a front axle. In the United States, the term is also used to refer to the combination of a truck and a semi-trailer; a tractor-trailer.
A large proportion of a semi-trailer's weight is supported by a trac ...
s handled vertically. The modified wagons become respectively '' '' 'KC' '' '' from series 11 and '' '' 'KM' '' '' from series 7, 13, 14, 16 and 18.
Unfortunately the traffic declines quickly and in
1983
The year 1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call.
Events January
* January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to TCP/IP is officially completed (this is considered to be the beginning ...
it is the abandonment of the horizontal handling with the corollary of again immediately modifying the wagons of the series 18 being modified in ' '' '' KM '' '' 'to give the' '' '' K1 '' '' '. All other '' '' 'KM' '' '' will be gradually changed to '' '' 'K1' '' '' as the revisions progress.
The wagons of the 10 series are, for their part, transformed into container ships in
1984
Events
January
* January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888.
* January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast As ...
, giving the series '' '' 'KU' '' ''.
The wagons of the 8 series, belonging to the SNCF are for their part transformed into container wagons in
1984
Events
January
* January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888.
* January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast As ...
giving the series '' '' 'K9' '' ''. These wagons are leased to Novatrans which returns them in
2005
File:2005 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: Hurricane Katrina in the Gulf of Mexico; the Funeral of Pope John Paul II is held in Vatican City; "Me at the zoo", the first video ever to be uploaded to YouTube; Eris (dwarf planet), Er ...
2007
File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ...
all the stock was
demolished
Demolition (also known as razing, cartage, and wrecking) is the science and engineering in safely and efficiently tearing down of buildings and other artificial structures. Demolition contrasts with deconstruction, which involves taking a b ...
except about ten wagons kept by the SEGI .
The wagons of series 5 and 6 due to the side members in folded sheets cannot be modified and are returned by Novatrans to SEGI from December
1986
The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1
**Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles.
**Spain and Portugal enter ...
1989
File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxon Valdez oil tanker ru ...
76 wagons are sold to GEFCO to be transformed into
automobiles
A car or automobile is a motor vehicle with wheels. Most definitions of ''cars'' say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people instead of goods.
The year 1886 is regarded ...
.
Medium annexes
At the beginning the semi-trailer was handled by a special tractor with the use of a loading / unloading ramp then during vertical handling it was a
crane
Crane or cranes may refer to:
Common meanings
* Crane (bird), a large, long-necked bird
* Crane (machine), industrial machinery for lifting
** Crane (rail), a crane suited for use on railroads
People and fictional characters
* Crane (surname) ...
or a
gantry crane
A gantry crane is a crane built atop a gantry, which is a structure used to straddle an object or workspace. They can range from enormous "full" gantry cranes, capable of lifting some of the heaviest loads in the world, to small shop cranes, use ...
after reinforcement of the
semi-trailer
A semi-trailer is a trailer without a front axle. In the United States, the term is also used to refer to the combination of a truck and a semi-trailer; a tractor-trailer.
A large proportion of a semi-trailer's weight is supported by a trac ...
1970
Events
January
* January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC.
* January 5 – The 7.1 Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme''). Between 10,000 and 1 ...
throughout
Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located enti ...
. But it is not comparable to the rail motorway because it requires a different
logistics
Logistics is generally the detailed organization and implementation of a complex operation. In a general business sense, logistics manages the flow of goods between the point of origin and the point of consumption to meet the requirements of ...
organization: Handling by specific road tractor or by crane or by gantry, exchange of road tractor at the start and at the arrival. In return, it offers a good ratio
payload
Payload is the object or the entity which is being carried by an aircraft or launch vehicle. Sometimes payload also refers to the carrying capacity of an aircraft or launch vehicle, usually measured in terms of weight. Depending on the nature of ...
to towed mass: 50% (for a semi-trailer () of loaded with of goods) because it is not carrying the
tractor unit
A tractor unit (also known as a truck unit, power unit, prime mover, ten-wheeler, semi-tractor, tractor truck, semi-truck, tractor cab, truck cab, tractor rig, truck rig or big rig or simply a tractor, truck, semi or rig) is a characteristical ...
(approximately ). However in the years
2000
File:2000 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Protests against Bush v. Gore after the 2000 United States presidential election; Heads of state meet for the Millennium Summit; The International Space Station in its infant form as seen from ...
the "rolling" road experienced a resurgence of interest (even if this revival is for the moment weak in
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ...
) and the traffic of
semi-trailer
A semi-trailer is a trailer without a front axle. In the United States, the term is also used to refer to the combination of a truck and a semi-trailer; a tractor-trailer.
A large proportion of a semi-trailer's weight is supported by a trac ...
s fades in favor of the whole container.
In Germany, the following types are distinguished:
* T1 Sdgkms 707 ex Skss-z 707 (
1973
Events January
* January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
* January 15 – Vietnam War: ...
) of and
payload
Payload is the object or the entity which is being carried by an aircraft or launch vehicle. Sometimes payload also refers to the carrying capacity of an aircraft or launch vehicle, usually measured in terms of weight. Depending on the nature of ...
,
* T3 Sdgmns 743 ( 1990s) of , payload (containers) for de tare
* T4: this type of admits a payload of (containers) or (semi-trailer),
* Sdggmrs 744 / Sdggmrs 739 : these are articulated wagons with 3 bogies; the 739 series is suitable for ,
* T2000 Sdggmrss 736
* T3000 variant optimized for Mega-trailer trailers of internal height.
Model making
* The kangaroo wagon with axles was offered at
H0 scale
HO or H0 is a rail transport modelling scale using a 1:87 scale model, scale (3.5 mm to 1 foot). It is the most popular scale of model railway in the world. The rails are spaced apart for modelling standard gauge tracks and trains in ...
by Jouef individually or in a set comprising 2 wagons, including the tractor and the loading / unloading ramp.
* Kangaroo bogie wagons have been offered in H0 by
Märklin
Gebr. Märklin & Cie. GmbH or Märklin (MÄRKLIN or MAERKLIN in capital letters) is a German toy company. The company was founded in 1859 and is based at Göppingen in Baden-Württemberg. Although it originally specialised in doll house access ...
/ Trix and Roco.
* The kangaroo bogie wagon is also offered in H0 by
LS Models LS may refer to:
Businesses
* LS Group, a Korean company
* Jet2.com (IATA code: LS), a British airline
Latin
* Lewis and Short (abbr. "L&S"), authors of the 1879 work ''A Latin Dictionary''
* Lectori Salutem (L.S.), Latin for 'Greetings Rea ...
, but for the moment only in its '' '' 'KB version: KM, K1, KC, ...' '' '' therefore pocket wagons.
* Since 2015, the kangaroo wagon with axles is offered by REE-Models at
H0 scale
HO or H0 is a rail transport modelling scale using a 1:87 scale model, scale (3.5 mm to 1 foot). It is the most popular scale of model railway in the world. The rails are spaced apart for modelling standard gauge tracks and trains in ...
individually or in a set comprising two wagons (and two trailers), a tractor and a ramp loading / unloading. Bernard Ciry, "Kangourou KE wagons in model making", ''
Rail Miniature Flash
Rail or rails may refer to:
Rail transport
* Rail transport and related matters
* Rail (rail transport) or railway lines, the running surface of a railway
Arts and media Film
* ''Rails'' (film), a 1929 Italian film by Mario Camerini
* ''Rail'' ...
'', n ° 599, Paris, Rigel Editions, June 2015, pages 28-33.
See also
*
Modalohr
The Lohr Railway System or Modalohr System (french: Système Modalohr) uses special railway wagons of a type known as piggyback wagons, to carry standard road semi-trailers on the European rail network.Tiphook
*
Well car
A well car, also known as a double-stack car (or also intermodal car/container car), is a type of railroad car specially designed to carry intermodal containers (shipping containers) used in intermodal freight transport. The "well" is a depress ...