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Kanash (russian: Кана́ш; cv, Канаш, ''Kanaş'', lit. ''
soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
'') is a
town A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an ori ...
in the
Chuvash Republic Chuvashia (russian: Чувашия; cv, Чӑваш Ен), officially the Chuvash Republic — Chuvasia,; cv, Чӑваш Республики — Чӑваш Ен is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is the homeland of the Chuv ...
,
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
, located at a major railway junction from
Cheboksary Cheboksary (; russian: Чебокса́ры, r=Cheboksáry, p=tɕɪbɐˈksarɨ; cv, Шупашкар, ''Şupaşkar'') is the capital city of Chuvashia, Russia and a port on the Volga River. Geography The city is located in the Volga Upland reg ...
, the
capital Capital may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** List of national capital cities * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Economics and social sciences * Capital (economics), the durable produced goods used f ...
of the republic. Population:


History

It was founded in 1891. Between 1891 and 1925 it was called Shikhrany (). The town's history is closely linked to the development of the railway. The
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
Kazan Kazan ( ; rus, Казань, p=kɐˈzanʲ; tt-Cyrl, Казан, ''Qazan'', IPA: ɑzan is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan in Russia. The city lies at the confluence of the Volga and the Kazanka rivers, covering a ...
line was completed, except for the Imperatorsky Romanovsky railway bridge across Volga, in December 1884 by private
Moscow Ryazan Railway Company Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million re ...
which was renamed to
Moscow Kazan Railway Company Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million re ...
on July 11, 1891, which provided all train service in the area up to 1918, when all the remaining private railways were nationalized by the Bolsheviks. The opening of the station, which was then surrounded by woodland, provided a convenient production point for the timber industry, and windmills were built in the area. In 1911, there were more than forty trading firms in Shikhrany. In 1912, a primary school was opened, and in 1914—a middle school. In 1919, Shikhrany station became a railway junction, when the
Arzamas Arzamas (russian: Арзама́с) is a city in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the Tyosha River (a tributary of the Oka), east of Moscow. Population: History Arzamas was founded in 1578 by Ivan the Terrible in the lands popul ...
–Shikhrany line, which had been under construction from 1914, when the last section was completed from the Tsarkli River bridge to Shihrany, and opened to full traffic. The line had been in restricted use with limited car loads since summer 1917. By 1925, when Kanash was granted town status, its population was approximately 2,200. Another station was built in 1926 for goods transit. The first power station, which supplied electricity to the railway station, portions of the town, and thirteen nearby villages, was constructed in 1929. Construction of the Kanash–Cheboksary line began in 1939, bringing the number of lines connecting Kanash up to four. During
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, railway production facilities and transit capacity were substantially increased. From the 1950s to the 1970s, local industry was diversified. Factories producing furniture, tools, polymers, and plastics, and car repair factories were built.


Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kanash serves as the
administrative center An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or ...
of
Kanashsky District Kanashsky District (russian: Кана́шский райо́н; cv, Канаш районӗ, ''Kanaş rayonĕ'') is an administrativeLaw #28 and municipalLaw #37 district (raion), one of the twenty-one in the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is loca ...
, even though it is not a part of it.Law #28 As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of republic significance of Kanash—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the
districts A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
. As a municipal division, the town of republic significance of Kanash is incorporated as Kanash Urban Okrug.Law #37


Notable residents

*
Alexandra Boltasseva Alexandra Boltasseva is Ron And Dotty Garvin Tonjes Professor of electrical and computer engineering at Purdue University, and editor-in-chief for The Optical Society's ''Optical Materials Express'' journal. Her research focuses on plasmonic me ...
(born 1978), professor of electrical and computer engineering *
Nadezhda Wijenberg Nadezhda Wijenberg (born Nadezhda Alexeevna Ilyina on 2 April 1964 in Kanash) is a long-distance runner from Russia, who got the Dutch nationality in 1999 by marrying her coach Ger Wijenberg from the Netherlands. Nadezhda "Nadja" Wijenberg lives ...
(born 1964), long-distance runner


References


Notes


Sources

* *


External links


Official website of Kanash

Kanash Business Directory
{{Authority control Cities and towns in Chuvashia Monotowns in Russia