''Kaloula latidisca'', also known as wide-disked narrow-mouthed frog, wide-disked painted frog, wide-disked bullfrog, Malaya painted bullfrog, Malayan painted bullfrog, and Malay painted sticky frog, is a species of

frog A frog is any member of a diverse and largely Carnivore, carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order (biology), order Anura (ανοὐρά, literally ''without tail'' in Ancient Greek). The oldest fossil "proto-f ...

s in the family

Microhylidae The Microhylidae, commonly known as narrow-mouthed frogs, are a geographically widespread family of frogs. The 683 species are in 63 genera and 11 subfamilies, which is the largest number of genera of any frog family. Evolution A molecular phylo ...

. It is endemic to the

Malay Peninsula The Malay Peninsula (Malay: ''Semenanjung Tanah Melayu'') is a peninsula in Mainland Southeast Asia. The landmass runs approximately north–south, and at its terminus, it is the southernmost point of the Asian continental mainland. The area ...

and occurs in southern

Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...

Peninsular Thailand Southern Thailand, Southern Siam or Tambralinga is a southernmost cultural region of Thailand, separated from Central Thailand region by the Kra Isthmus. Geography Southern Thailand is on the Malay Peninsula, with an area of around , bounded ...

, and (northern)

Peninsular Malaysia Peninsular Malaysia ( ms, Semenanjung Malaysia; Jawi: سمننجڠ مليسيا), or the States of Malaya ( ms, Negeri-negeri Tanah Melayu; Jawi: نڬري-نڬري تانه ملايو), also known as West Malaysia or the Malaysian Peninsula, ...

. The

specific name Specific name may refer to: * in Database management systems, a system-assigned name that is unique within a particular database In taxonomy, either of these two meanings, each with its own set of rules: * Specific name (botany), the two-part (bino ...

''latidisca'' refers to the comparatively wide finger discs of this frog. ''Kaloula latidisca'' is most similar to '' Kaloula baleata'' and ''

Kaloula indochinensis ''Kaloula indochinensis'' is a species of frogs in the family Microhylidae. It is found in Indochina, in southern Vietnam, eastern Cambodia, and southern to central Laos. Prior to its being described, it was confused with '' Kaloula baleata''. ...

''.

Description

Adult males measure in

snout–vent length Snout–vent length (SVL) is a morphometric measurement taken in herpetology from the tip of the snout to the most posterior opening of the cloacal slit (vent)."direct line distance from tip of snout to posterior margin of vent" It is the most c ...

. An immature female measured SVL. The overall appearance is robust. The head is wider than it is long. The eyes are large. The tympanum is covered by skin and not visible. The supratympanic fold is present. The finger tips are expanded into large, transversely expanded discs, whereas the toe discs are small and rounded. The fingers have no webbing whereas the toes are partially webbed. The dorsal colouration is gray-brown. There is a pale interorbital bar. Symmetrical, broad, wavy stripes start from the posterior edge of upper eyelid and extend dorsolaterally to the scapular region, fading posteriorly. The dorsal surfaces, apart from the dorsolateral stripes, are scattered with small, irregular, black blotches. The ventrum is brown with faint, light reticulations. The gular region is blackish and covered with small, light spots.

Habitat and conservation

The

type series In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralizes the ...

was collected at night on tree trunks or in tree holes 2–3 m above ground, whereas the immature female was found in a field near a village. Zug (2022) classifies ''Kaloula latidisca'' as a terrestrial frog inhabiting both primary and secondary forests. It probably breeds in ephemeral pools, as closely related ''Kaloula baleata'' does. Although ''Kaloula latidisca'' is probably tolerant to habitat disturbance, large-scale logging is a potential threat to this species. The type locality is within the

Ulu Muda Forest The Greater Ulu Muda Forest Complex (GUMFC) is a large expanse of lowland dipterocarp forest in Baling and Sik Districts, Kedah, Malaysia, on the border with Thailand. The area has high biodiversity thanks to relatively low rates of poaching and ...

Reserve, bot logging takes place inside the reserve.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q18694519 latidisca Amphibians of Malaysia Amphibians of Myanmar Amphibians of Thailand Amphibians described in 2014 Taxa named by Rafe M. Brown Taxa named by Chan Kin Onn Taxa named by Larry Lee Grismer