Kalmar Cathedral ( sv, Kalmar domkyrka) is in the city of
Kalmar
Kalmar (, , ) is a city in the southeast of Sweden, situated by the Baltic Sea. It had 36,392 inhabitants in 2010 and is the seat of Kalmar Municipality. It is also the capital of Kalmar County, which comprises 12 municipalities with a total of ...
in
Småland
Småland () is a historical province () in southern Sweden.
Småland borders Blekinge, Scania, Halland, Västergötland, Östergötland and the island Öland in the Baltic Sea. The name Småland literally means ''Small Lands''. The Latinized fo ...
in southeast
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...
.
History
![0537Kalmar domkyrka](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/0537Kalmar_domkyrka.jpg)
The new city of Kalmar was built on Kvarnholmen island in the mid-17th century. The transfer from the old town was largely completed by
1658. The new, fortified town was planned along Renaissance ideals. Accordingly, the church and town hall were constructed across from one another in the old town square (''
Stortorget Kalmar
Stortorget (''Grand Square'') is the main square in the historic centre of the Swedish city of Kalmar.
History
Situated on the island Kvarnholmen, it was built during the mid 17th century around Kalmar Cathedral and became the centre of religious ...
''). The material in the masonry consists of limestone from
Gotland
Gotland (, ; ''Gutland'' in Gutnish), also historically spelled Gottland or Gothland (), is Sweden's largest island. It is also a province, county, municipality, and diocese. The province includes the islands of Fårö and Gotska Sandön to the ...
. The vaults and portals and window coverings are made of brick. The roof was lined with copper plate. The cathedral was built without a dome and with high window openings.
The cathedral was designed by
Nicodemus Tessin the Elder
Nicodemus Tessin the Elder () (7 December 1615 in Stralsund – 24 May 1681 in Stockholm) was an important Swedish architect.
Biography
Nicodemus Tessin was born in Stralsund in Pomerania and came to Sweden as a young man. There he met and wor ...
(1615–1681) and is one of the foremost examples of classical baroque architecture that was a breakthrough in Sweden. The design of Kalmar Cathedral reflects the complexities of modernisation, maintaining liturgical utility and tradition, and being mindful of the fortress-city requirements. Construction began in 1660, but was interrupted on several occasions, including with the outbreak of the
Scanian War
The Scanian War ( da, Skånske Krig, , sv, Skånska kriget, german: Schonischer Krieg) was a part of the Northern Wars involving the union of Denmark–Norway, Brandenburg and Sweden. It was fought from 1675 to 1679 mainly on Scanian soil, ...
(1675–1679). The work resumed after the war and Kalmar Cathedral was finally finished in 1703.
Restorations
Over the centuries, the church has been the subject of numerous restorations
In 1783, extensive external and internal restoration was initiated. In 1800, the city was hit by an extensive fire. In 1802 the damage was repaired. In 1831–1834, an external and internal restoration was carried out following a proposal by architect Jacob Wilhelm Gerss (1784-1844). The exterior restoration included both the church's exterior walls and the roof.
In 1882–1883, a rebuilding of the interior was carried out following a drawing proposal by architect
Helgo Zetterwall
Helgo Nikolaus Zettervall, older spelling ''Zetterwall'', (21 November 1831 – 17 March 1907) was a Swedish architect and professor of the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts. He is best known for his drastic restorations of churches and other b ...
(1831-1907).
During 1910–1914 years of restoration took place according to drawings and job descriptions by city architect Josef Fredrik Olson (1870-1947).
The 1928-1932 restoration was also based on Fredrik Olson's proposal.
Between 1981 and 1982, extensive restoration of the church's exterior was made. Between 2005 and 2011, restoration of the exterior took place,
under the direction of Barup & Edström Arkitektkontor. Work included refurbishment of the church roof, stone restoration, facade staining. Internal restoration during 2006-2011 meant, among other things, raising and expanding the choir as well as new flooring.
Gallery
File:00 1098 Interior of Kalmar domkyrka.jpg, Ornate pulpit
Kalmar domkyrka, interiör, predikstolens ljudtak, pilastrar, kapitäl och bjälklag, 2015.jpg, Pulpit sounding board or tester
File:00 1100 Cathedral church in Kalmar (Sweden).jpg, Altar
Kalmar Domkyrka Epitafium 042.JPG, Wall-mounted memorial
Kalmar Domkyrka 011.JPG, Baptismal font
File:Kalmar Dom Chororgel.jpg, Organ
References
Related reading
*K. Neville (2009) ''Nicodemus Tessin the Elder. Architecture in Sweden in the Age of Greatness'' (Turnhout, Brepols Publishers)
External links
Kalmar domkyrka website
Lutheran cathedrals in Sweden
Churches in Kalmar County
Kalmar
Churches in the Diocese of Växjö
Church buildings with domes
{{Sweden-church-stub