Krynica Morska (german: Kahlberg) is a town and coextensive municipality (''
gmina
The gmina (Polish: , plural ''gminy'' , from German ''Gemeinde'' meaning ''commune'') is the principal unit of the administrative division of Poland, similar to a municipality. , there were 2,477 gminas throughout the country, encompassing over 4 ...
'') on the
Vistula Spit
The Vistula Spit ( pl, Mierzeja Wiślana; russian: Балтийская коса; german: Frische Nehrung) is an aeolian sand spit, or peninsular stretch of land that separates Vistula Lagoon from Gdańsk Bay, in the Baltic Sea, with its tip sepa ...
in northern
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...
with 1,364 inhabitants as of 2006. It has been a part of
Nowy Dwór Gdański County in
Pomeranian Voivodeship
Pomeranian Voivodeship, Pomorskie Region, or Pomerania Province (Polish: ''Województwo pomorskie'' ; ( Kashubian: ''Pòmòrsczé wòjewództwò'' ), is a voivodeship, or province, in northwestern Poland. The provincial capital is Gdańsk.
The ...
since 1999; previously it was in
Elbląg Voivodeship
Elbląg Voivodeship () was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland from 1975 to 1998, superseded by the Pomeranian Voivodeship and the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Elbląg.
Major cities and towns ( ...
from 1975 to 1998.
Overview
Before 1793 the area was part of the
Kingdom of Poland
The Kingdom of Poland ( pl, Królestwo Polskie; Latin: ''Regnum Poloniae'') was a state in Central Europe. It may refer to:
Historical political entities
*Kingdom of Poland, a kingdom existing from 1025 to 1031
*Kingdom of Poland, a kingdom exist ...
; from 1793-1945
Prussia
Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an em ...
(within
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
from 1871). The village was known as ''Kahlberg'' during that time. It was administered by the city of
Danzig (now
Gdańsk
Gdańsk ( , also ; ; csb, Gduńsk;Stefan Ramułt, ''Słownik języka pomorskiego, czyli kaszubskiego'', Kraków 1893, Gdańsk 2003, ISBN 83-87408-64-6. , Johann Georg Theodor Grässe, ''Orbis latinus oder Verzeichniss der lateinischen Benen ...
) until 1842, and afterwards by the city of
Elbing (now
Elbląg
Elbląg (; german: Elbing, Old Prussian: ''Elbings'') is a city in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland, located in the eastern edge of the Żuławy region with 117,390 inhabitants, as of December 2021. It is the capital of Elbląg County.
...
).
The settlement was first mentioned in 1424 and became a summer resort around 1840. When it came back under Polish rule after the Second World War, it was given the name Łysica (the
Polish
Polish may refer to:
* Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe
* Polish language
* Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent
* Polish chicken
*Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...
root ''łys-'' corresponding to the
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ger ...
''kahl'', meaning "bald"). In 1958 it was renamed Krynica Morska (''
Krynica'' is an obsolete, poetic term for "
spring
Spring(s) may refer to:
Common uses
* Spring (season), a season of the year
* Spring (device), a mechanical device that stores energy
* Spring (hydrology), a natural source of water
* Spring (mathematics), a geometric surface in the shape of a ...
"; ''Morska'' meaning "of the sea", i.e., "sea spring" or "seaside spring") as opposed to the other famous Polish resort of
Krynica.
In 1991 three former villages, Krynica Morska,
Nowa Karczma, and
Przebrno
Przebrno (german: Pröbbernau) is a neighborhood of the town of Krynica Morska on the Vistula Spit in northern Poland, located in the western part of the town.
The village has sandy beaches on the shores of the Bay of Gdańsk on the northern sid ...
of
Gmina Sztutowo
__NOTOC__
Gmina Sztutowo is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Dwór Gdański County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.
The seat of gmina is Sztutowo, which lies approximately north of Nowy Dwór Gdański and east of the ...
were united into a new ''gmina'', Krynica Morska, which simultaneously was assigned the town status.
Krynica Morska is the main tourist destination on the Vistula Spit. The administrative area of the town extends along most of the Polish part of the spit, up to the Russian border, also including a number of other localities such as
Przebrno
Przebrno (german: Pröbbernau) is a neighborhood of the town of Krynica Morska on the Vistula Spit in northern Poland, located in the western part of the town.
The village has sandy beaches on the shores of the Bay of Gdańsk on the northern sid ...
and Piaski (the latter being about from the border, which is not crossable at present).
It has the smallest population of any urban commune (''gmina'') in Poland. Because of the inclusion of mainly rural areas of the spit within its boundaries, it has the lowest
population density
Population density (in agriculture: standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term.Matt RosenberPopul ...
of any town (''miasto'') in Poland, with 11.74 persons/km².
The
Lighthouse in Krynica Morska was originally built in 1895. It was destroyed in 1945 after being
mined by retreating German forces. A new lighthouse, now open to visitors, was built in 1951. Adjacent to it is a small cemetery with a monument to the
Soviet
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
soldiers killed in the explosion that destroyed the original building.
Gallery
Wybrzeże - panoramio (3).jpg, Beach in Krynica Morska
Krynica Morska July 2013 18.JPG, Port of Krynica Morska
KrynicaMorskaUlicaGdańska.JPG, Gdańska street
Teleexpressu 2 5.jpg, Heritage architecture
Krynica Morska, port morski nad Zalewem Wiślanym (HB20).jpg
References
{{Authority control
Cities and towns in Pomeranian Voivodeship
Nowy Dwór Gdański County
Resorts in Poland