The , also known as the , was a

domain Domain may refer to: Mathematics *Domain of a function, the set of input values for which the (total) function is defined **Domain of definition of a partial function **Natural domain of a partial function **Domain of holomorphy of a function * Do ...

of the

Tokugawa Shogunate The Tokugawa shogunate (, Japanese 徳川幕府 ''Tokugawa bakufu''), also known as the , was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"''Tokugawa-jidai''"in ''Japan Encyclopedia ...

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

during the

Edo period The or is the period between 1603 and 1867 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional '' daimyo''. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengoku period, the Edo period was characteriz ...

from 1583 to 1871."Kaga Province" at JapaneseCastleExplorer.com
retrieved 2013-4-9. The Kaga Domain was based at

Kanazawa Castle is a large, partially-restored Japanese castle in Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. It is located adjacent to the celebrated Kenroku-en Garden, which once formed the castle's private outer garden. It was the headquarters of Kaga Domain, rule ...

Kaga Province was a province of Japan in the area that is today the south and western portion of Ishikawa Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan. Kaga bordered on Echizen, Etchū, Hida, and Noto Provinces. It was part of Hokurikudō Circuit. Its abbr ...

, in the modern city of

Kanazawa is the capital city of Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 466,029 in 203,271 households, and a population density of 990 persons per km2. The total area of the city was . Overview Cityscape File:もてな ...

, located in the

Chūbu region The , Central region, or is a region in the middle of Honshu, Honshū, Japan, Japan's main island. In a wide, classical definition, it encompasses nine prefectures (''ken''): Aichi Prefecture, Aichi, Fukui Prefecture, Fukui, Gifu Prefecture ...

of the island of

Honshu , historically called , is the largest and most populous island of Japan. It is located south of Hokkaidō across the Tsugaru Strait, north of Shikoku across the Inland Sea, and northeast of Kyūshū across the Kanmon Straits. The island separ ...

. The Kaga Domain was ruled for its existence by the '' tozama'' ''

daimyō were powerful Japanese magnates, feudal lords who, from the 10th century to the early Meiji era, Meiji period in the middle 19th century, ruled most of Japan from their vast, hereditary land holdings. They were subordinate to the shogun and n ...

'' of the Maeda, and covered most of Kaga Province and

Etchū Province was a province of Japan in the area that is today Toyama Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan. Etchū bordered on Noto and Kaga Provinces to the west, Shinano and Hida Provinces to the south, Echigo Province to the east and the Sea ...

and all of

Noto Province was a province of Japan in the area that is today the northern part of Ishikawa Prefecture in Japan, including the Noto Peninsula (''Noto-hantō'') which is surrounded by the Sea of Japan. Noto bordered on Etchū and Kaga provinces to the so ...

in the

Hokuriku region The was located in the northwestern part of Honshu, the main island of Japan. It lay along the Sea of Japan within the Chūbu region, which it is currently a part of. It is almost equivalent to Koshi Province and Hokurikudō area in pre-modern ...

. The Kaga Domain had an assessed ''

kokudaka refers to a system for determining land value for taxation purposes under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo-period Japan, and expressing this value in terms of ''koku'' of rice. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Koku"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 54 ...

'' of over one million ''

koku The is a Chinese-based Japanese unit of volume. 1 koku is equivalent to 10 or approximately , or about . It converts, in turn, to 100 shō and 1000 gō. One ''gō'' is the volume of the "rice cup", the plastic measuring cup that is supplied ...

'', making it by far the largest domain of the Tokugawa shogunate. The Kaga Domain was dissolved in the

abolition of the han system The in the Empire of Japan and its replacement by a system of prefectures in 1871 was the culmination of the Meiji Restoration begun in 1868, the starting year of the Meiji period. Under the reform, all daimyos (, ''daimyō'', feudal lords) ...

in 1871 by the

Meiji government The was the government that was formed by politicians of the Satsuma Domain and Chōshū Domain in the 1860s. The Meiji government was the early government of the Empire of Japan. Politicians of the Meiji government were known as the Meiji o ...

and its territory was absorbed into

Ishikawa Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region of Honshu island. Ishikawa Prefecture has a population of 1,140,573 (31 October 2019) and has a geographic area of 4,186 km2 (1,616 sq mi). Ishikawa Prefecture borders Toyama Prefecture to ...

and

Toyama Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region of Honshu. Toyama Prefecture has a population of 1,044,588 (1 June 2019) and has a geographic area of 4,247.61 km2 (1,640.01 sq mi). Toyama Prefecture borders Ishikawa Prefecture to the ...

History

Maeda Toshiie was one of the leading generals of Oda Nobunaga following the Sengoku period of the 16th century extending to the Azuchi–Momoyama period. His preferred weapon was a yari and he was known as "Yari no Mataza" (槍の又左), Matazaemon (又左 ...

was a distinguished military commander, a retainer of

Oda Nobunaga was a Japanese ''daimyō'' and one of the leading figures of the Sengoku period. He is regarded as the first "Great Unifier" of Japan. Nobunaga was head of the very powerful Oda clan, and launched a war against other ''daimyō'' to unify ...

and a close friend of

Toyotomi Hideyoshi , otherwise known as and , was a Japanese samurai and ''daimyō'' (feudal lord) of the late Sengoku period regarded as the second "Great Unifier" of Japan.Richard Holmes, The World Atlas of Warfare: Military Innovations that Changed the Cour ...

. A member of the

Council of Five Elders The Council of Five Elders (Japanese: :jp:五大老, 五大老, ''Go-Tairō'') was a group of five powerful feudal lords (Japanese: 大名, ''Daimyō'') formed in 1598 by the Regent (Japanese: 太閤 ''Sesshō and Kampaku, Taikō'') Toyotomi Hideyo ...

who ruled Japan during the Sengoku period, he was granted the Kaga Domain in 1583. His eldest son,

Maeda Toshinaga was a Sengoku period Japanese samurai and the second early-Edo period ''daimyō'' of Kaga Domain in the Hokuriku region of Japan, and the 3rd hereditary chieftain of the Maeda clan. He was the eldest son of Maeda Toshiie. His childhood name was ...

, supported

Tokugawa Ieyasu was the founder and first ''shōgun'' of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan, which ruled Japan from 1603 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. He was one of the three "Great Unifiers" of Japan, along with his former lord Oda Nobunaga and fellow ...

in his rise to power and was rewarded by an increase in his lands to 1.25 million ''koku''. Toshinaga was succeeded by his brother

Maeda Toshitsune was an early-Edo period Japanese samurai, and the 2nd ''daimyō'' of Kaga Domain in the Hokuriku region of Japan, and the 3rd hereditary chieftain of the Maeda clan. Toshitsune was a brother of Maeda Toshinaga and a son of Maeda Toshiie. He was ...

, who created two cadet branches of the clan: *

Toyama Domain was a feudal domain in Edo period Japan, located in Etchū Province (modern-day Toyama Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Toyama Castle in what is now the city of Toyama. Throughout its history, it was ruled by a cadet branch of the Maeda cl ...

(100,000 ''koku''), headed by descendants of Toshitsune's second son Toshitsugu (1617–1674) *

Daishōji Domain was a '' tozama'' feudal domain of Edo period Japan It was located in Kaga Province, in the Hokuriku region of Japan. The domain was centered at Daishōji ''jin'ya'', located in the center of what is now the city of Kaga in Ishikawa Prefecture. ...

(100,000 ''koku''), headed by descendants of Toshitsune's fourth son Toshiaki (1638–1692) A third cadet line was founded by Toshitsune's brother Maeda Toshitaka for his services during the

Siege of Osaka The was a series of battles undertaken by the Japanese Tokugawa shogunate against the Toyotomi clan, and ending in that clan's destruction. Divided into two stages (winter campaign and summer campaign), and lasting from 1614 to 1615, the siege ...

. This branch held the

Nanokaichi Domain was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Kōzuke Province (modern-day Gunma Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Nanokaichi ''jin'ya'' in what is now part of the city of Tomioka, Gunma. Parts of the ''jin ...

, rated at the minimum of 10,000 ''koku''. The

Maeda clan was a Japanese samurai clan who occupied most of the Hokuriku region of central Honshū from the end of the Sengoku period through the Meiji restoration of 1868. The Maeda claimed descent from the Sugawara clan of Sugawara no Kiyotomo and Suga ...

ruled the Kaga Domain for the entirety of its existence until the abolition of the domains in 1871 after the

Meiji Restoration The , referred to at the time as the , and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Although there were ...

and the overthrow of the Tokugawa Shogunate. The location of the main

Edo Edo ( ja, , , "bay-entrance" or "estuary"), also romanized as Jedo, Yedo or Yeddo, is the former name of Tokyo. Edo, formerly a ''jōkamachi'' (castle town) centered on Edo Castle located in Musashi Province, became the ''de facto'' capital of ...

residence of the Kaga Domain's ''daimyō'' is now the site of the Hongō campus of the

University of Tokyo , abbreviated as or UTokyo, is a public research university located in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan. Established in 1877, the university was the first Imperial University and is currently a Top Type university of the Top Global University Project by ...

Holdings

As with most domains in the ''han'' system, the Kaga Domain consisted of discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned ''

'', based on periodic

cadastral A cadastre or cadaster is a comprehensive recording of the real estate or real property's metes-and-bounds of a country.Jo Henssen, ''Basic Principles of the Main Cadastral Systems in the World,'/ref> Often it is represented graphically in a cad ...

surveys and projected agricultural yields. At the end of the Tokugawa shogunate in 1868, the Kaga Domain consisted of the following holdings: *

** 177 villages in Kahoku District (all of district) ** 235 villages in Ishikawa District (all of district) ** 205 villages in Nomi District (all except 18 villages) *

** 177 villages in Hakui District (all of district) ** 128 villages in Kashima District (all of district) ** 229 villages in Fugeshi District (all of district) ** 75 villages in Suzu District (all except one village, which was shared) *

**220 villages in Imizu District (all of district) **490 villages in Tonami District (all of district) **409 villages in Niikawa District (all of district) *

Ōmi Province was a province of Japan, which today comprises Shiga Prefecture. It was one of the provinces that made up the Tōsandō circuit. Its nickname is . Under the ''Engishiki'' classification system, Ōmi was ranked as one of the 13 "great countrie ...

**3 villages in Takashima District

List of ''daimyōs''

Genealogy

The clan records were preserved over the course of centuries.前田氏 at ReichsArchiv.jp
retrieved 2013-7-9. * I. Toshiie, 1st ''daimyō'' of Kaga (cr. 1583) (1539–1599; r. 1583–1599) ** II. Toshinaga, 2nd ''daimyō'' of Kaga (1562–1614; r. 1599–1605) ** III. Toshitsune, 3rd ''daimyō'' of Kaga (1594–1658; r. 1605–1639) *** IV. Mitsutaka, 4th ''daimyō'' of Kaga (1616–1645; r. 1639–1645) **** V. Tsunanori, 5th ''daimyō'' of Kaga (1643–1724; r. 1645–1723) ***** VI. Yoshinori, 6th ''daimyō'' of Kaga (1690–1745; r. 1723–1745) ****** VII. Munetoki, 7th ''daimyō'' of Kaga (1725–1747; r. 1745–1747) ****** VIII. Shigehiro, 8th ''daimyō'' of Kaga (1729–1753; r. 1747–1753) ****** IX. Shigenobu, 9th ''daimyō'' of Kaga (1735–1753; r. 1753) ****** X. Shigemichi, 10th ''daimyō'' of Kaga (1741–1786; r. 1754–1771) ******* XII. Narinaga, 12th ''daimyō'' of Kaga (1782–1824; r. 1802–1822) ******** XIII. Nariyasu, 13th ''daimyō'' of Kaga (1811–1884; r. 1822–1866) ********* XIV. Yoshiyasu, 14th ''daimyō'' of Kaga, 14th family head (1830–1874; r. 1866–1869; Governor: 1869–1871; family head: 1869–1874) ********** Yoshitsugu, 15th family head, 1st Marquess (1858–1900; 15th family head 1874–1900, Marquess: 1884). ****** XI. Harunaga, 11th ''daimyō'' of Kaga (1745–1810; r. 1771–1802). *****Toshiaki, 4th ''daimyō'' of Kaga-Daishōji (1691–1737) ******Toshimichi, 5th ''daimyō'' of Kaga-Daishōji (1733–1781) *******Toshitoyo, 9th ''daimyō'' of Etchū-Toyama (1771–1836) ********Toshihiro, 11th ''daimyō'' of Ueno-Nanokaichi (1823–1877) *********Toshiaki, Governor of Nanokaichi, 1st Viscount (1850–1896; Governor of Nanokaichi 1869–1871, created 1st Viscount 1884) **********Toshinari, 16th family head, 2nd Marquess (1885–1942; 16th family head and 2nd Marquess 1900–1942) ***********Toshitatsu, 17th family head, 3rd Marquess (1908–1989; 17th family head 1942–1989, 3rd Marquess 1942–1947) ************Toshihiro, 18th family head (1935– ; 18th family head 1989–) *************Toshitaka (1963–) **************Toshikyo (1993–)

History

Holdings

List of ''daimyōs''

Genealogy

See also

References

Further reading