The Kadiwéu are an

indigenous people of Brazil Indigenous peoples in Brazil ( pt, povos indígenas no Brasil) or Indigenous Brazilians ( pt, indígenas brasileiros, links=no) once comprised an estimated 2000 tribes and nations inhabiting what is now the country of Brazil, before European con ...

. In 1998, they lived in four villages, with some families living independently in the jungle."Kadiweu."
''Countries and Their Cultures.'' (retrieved 3 Dec 2011)Fabre, Alain (2006). ''Los guaykurú'', Part 3 of ''Los pueblos del Gran Chaco y sus lenguas''. Suplemento Antropológico, volume 41 issue 2, pp. 7–132. Asunción, Paraguay
Online version
updated 2009-07-30, accessed on 2010-08-20. They are known for their horse riding skills."Kadiwéu: Introduction."
''Povos Indígenos no Brasil.'' (retrieved 3 Dec 2011)

Name

Their name is now spelled "Kadiwéu" in

Portuguese Portuguese may refer to: * anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal ** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods ** Portuguese language, a Romance language *** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language ** Portu ...

(plural Kadiwéus). The Kadiweu are also known as the Cadiguebo, Cadioeo, Caduveo, Caduvéo, Caduví, Cayua, Guaicuru, Kadiveo, Kadivéu, Kadiweu, Kaduveo, Kaiwa, or Mbayá-Guaikurú.

Language

They are a branch of the

Guaycuru peoples Guaycuru or Guaykuru is a generic term for several ethnic groups Indigenous peoples of the Americas, indigenous to the Gran Chaco region of South America, speaking related Guaicuruan languages. In the 16th century, the time of first contact wit ...

and speak the characteristic Kadiweu language that belongs to the

Guaicuruan Guaicuruan (Guaykuruan, Waikurúan, Guaycuruano, Guaikurú, Guaicuru, Guaycuruana) is a language family spoken in northern Argentina, western Paraguay, and Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul). The speakers of the languages are often collectively called ...

language family. They are the last surviving group of

Mbayá people The Mbayá or ''Mbyá'' are an Indigenous peoples of South America, indigenous people of South America which formerly ranged on both sides of the Paraguay River, on the north and northwestern Paraguay frontier, eastern Bolivia, and in the adjacent ...

Territory

The Kadiweu today live in the Kadiweu Indigenous Land, a large reserve established in 1903, in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul in the municipality of

Porto Murtinho Porto Murtinho () is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul Mato Grosso do Sul () is one of the Midwestern states of Brazil. Neighboring Brazilian states are (from north clockwise) Mato Grosso, Goiás, Minas Gerais, ...

, between the Serra de Bodoquena and the Nabileque and Aquidavão rivers.

History

The Kadiweu are the largest surviving branch of the

. The Mbayá were raiders in the 18th century and numbered 4,000, but

smallpox Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus) which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (WHO) c ...

and influenza radically decreased their population at the end of the 18th century. During the

War of Triple Alliance The Paraguayan War, also known as the War of the Triple Alliance, was a South American war that lasted from 1864 to 1870. It was fought between Paraguay and the Triple Alliance of Argentina, the Empire of Brazil, and Uruguay. It was the deadlies ...

of 1865–1870, the Kadiweu fought against

Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairetã Paraguái, links=si), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to th ...

on the side of

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

Notes

External links

Kadiwéu artwork
National Museum of the American Indian {{DEFAULTSORT:Kadiweu People Indigenous peoples in Brazil Indigenous peoples of Eastern Brazil