Keratin 1 is a Type II intermediate filament (IFs) of the intracytoplasmatic cytoskeleton. Is co-expressed with and binds to
Keratin 10
Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 10 also known as cytokeratin-10 (CK-10) or keratin-10 (K10) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KRT10'' gene. Keratin 10 is a type I keratin.
Function
Keratin-10 is a member of the type I (acidic) cyto ...
, a Type I keratin, to form a coiled coil heterotypic keratin chain. Keratin 1 and Keratin 10 are specifically expressed in the spinous and granular layers of the
epidermis
The epidermis is the outermost of the three layers that comprise the skin, the inner layers being the dermis and hypodermis. The epidermis layer provides a barrier to infection from environmental pathogens and regulates the amount of water rele ...
. In contrast, basal layer keratinocytes express little to no Keratin 1. Mutations in ''KRT1'', the gene encoding Keratin 1, have been associated with variants of the disease
bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma
A skin condition, also known as cutaneous condition, is any medical condition that affects the integumentary system—the organ system that encloses the body and includes skin, nails, and related muscle and glands. The major function of this sy ...
in which the palms and soles of the feet are affected. Mutations in ''KRT10'' have also been associated with bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma; however, in patients with KRT10 mutations the palms and soles are spared. This difference is likely due to
Keratin 9
Keratin 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KRT9'' gene.
Keratin 9 is a type I cytokeratin. It is found only in the terminally differentiated epidermis of palms and soles. Mutations in the gene encoding this protein cause epidermol ...
, rather than Keratin 10, being the major binding partner of Keratin 1 in acral (palm and sole) keratinocytes.
Type II cytokeratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 12q12-q13.
Interactions
Keratin 1 has been shown to
interact
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with
Desmoplakin
Desmoplakin is a protein in humans that is encoded by the ''DSP'' gene. Desmoplakin is a critical component of desmosome structures in cardiac muscle and epidermal cells, which function to maintain the structural integrity at adjacent cell contact ...
and
PRKCE
Protein kinase C epsilon type (PKCε) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKCE'' gene. PKCε is an isoform of the large PKC family of protein kinases that play many roles in different tissues. In cardiac muscle cells, PKCε regulate ...
.
See also
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34βE12 34βE12, often written as 34betaE12 and also known as CK34βE12 and keratin 903 (CK903), is an antibody specific for high molecular weight cytokeratins 1, 5, 10 and 14.
It is sometimes, less precisely, referred to as high-molecular weight kerat ...
References
Further reading
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Keratins
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