Kinesin-like protein KIF23 is a

protein Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...

that in humans is encoded by the ''KIF23''

gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...

Function

In cell division

KIF23 (also known as Kinesin-6, CHO1/MKLP1,

C. elegans ''Caenorhabditis elegans'' () is a free-living transparent nematode about 1 mm in length that lives in temperate soil environments. It is the type species of its genus. The name is a blend of the Greek ''caeno-'' (recent), ''rhabditis'' (r ...

ZEN-4 and

Drosophila ''Drosophila'' () is a genus of flies, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or (less frequently) pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species ...

Pavarotti) is a member of kinesin-like protein family. This family includes microtubule-dependent molecular motors that transport

organelle In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized subunit, usually within a cell, that has a specific function. The name ''organelle'' comes from the idea that these structures are parts of cells, as organs are to the body, hence ''organelle,'' the ...

s within cells and move chromosomes during

cell division Cell division is the process by which a parent cell (biology), cell divides into two daughter cells. Cell division usually occurs as part of a larger cell cycle in which the cell grows and replicates its chromosome(s) before dividing. In eukar ...

. This protein has been shown to cross-bridge antiparallel

microtubule Microtubules are polymers of tubulin that form part of the cytoskeleton and provide structure and shape to eukaryotic cells. Microtubules can be as long as 50 micrometres, as wide as 23 to 27 nm and have an inner diameter between 11 an ...

s and drive microtubule movement in vitro. Alternate splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants encoding two different

isoforms A protein isoform, or "protein variant", is a member of a set of highly similar proteins that originate from a single gene or gene family and are the result of genetic differences. While many perform the same or similar biological roles, some isof ...

, better known as CHO1, the larger isoform and MKLP1, the smaller isoform. KIF23 is a plus-end directed motor protein expressed in

mitosis In cell biology, mitosis () is a part of the cell cycle in which replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei. Cell division by mitosis gives rise to genetically identical cells in which the total number of chromosomes is mainta ...

, involved in the formation of the cleavage furrow in late

anaphase Anaphase () is the stage of mitosis after the process of metaphase, when replicated chromosomes are split and the newly-copied chromosomes (daughter chromatids) are moved to opposite poles of the cell. Chromosomes also reach their overall maxim ...

and in

cytokinesis Cytokinesis () is the part of the cell division process during which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell divides into two daughter cells. Cytoplasmic division begins during or after the late stages of nuclear division in mitosis and meios ...

. KIF23 is part of the

centralspindlin Centralspindlin is a motor complex implicated in cell division. It contributes to virtually every step in cytokinesis,Glotzer, Michael"Cytokinesis: Centralspindlin Moonlights as a Membrane Anchor" ''Current Biology'', 18 February 2013 It is highly c ...

complex that includes

PRC1 Protein Regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''PRC1'' gene and is involved in cytokinesis. Function PRC1 protein is expressed at relatively high levels during S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle before ...

Aurora B An aurora (plural: auroras or aurorae), also commonly known as the polar lights, is a natural light display in Earth's sky, predominantly seen in high-latitude regions (around the Arctic and Antarctic). Auroras display dynamic patterns of bri ...

and 14-3-3 which cluster together at the

spindle Spindle may refer to: Textiles and manufacturing * Spindle (textiles), a straight spike to spin fibers into yarn * Spindle (tool), a rotating axis of a machine tool Biology * Common spindle and other species of shrubs and trees in genus ''Euony ...

midzone to enable anaphase in dividing cells.

In neurons

In neuronal development KIF23 is involved in the transport of minus-end distal microtubules into

dendrite Dendrites (from Greek δένδρον ''déndron'', "tree"), also dendrons, are branched protoplasmic extensions of a nerve cell that propagate the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the n ...

s and is expressed exclusively in cell bodies and dendrites. Knockdown of KIF23 by antisense oligonucleotides and by siRNA both cause a significant increase in axon length and a decrease in dendritic phenotype in neuroblastoma cells and in rat neurons. In differentiating neurons, KIF23 restricts the movement of short microtubules into axons by acting as a "brake" against the driving forces of cytoplasmic dynein. As neurons mature, KIF23 drives minus-end distal microtubules into nascent dendrites contributing to the multi-polar orientation of dendritic microtubules and the formation of their short, fat, tapering morphology. Kinesin-6 and Kinesin-12

Interactions

KIF23 has been shown to

interact Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organizati ...

with: *

ARF3 ADP-ribosylation factor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ARF3'' gene. Function ADP-ribosylation factor 3 (ARF3) is a member of the human ARF gene family. These genes encode small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that stimul ...

, * AURKB, *

BIRC6 Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BIRC6'' gene. Function This gene encodes a protein with a BIR (baculoviral inhibition of apoptosis protein repeat) domain and a UBCc (ubiquitin-conjugat ...

, and *

Mutation and diseases

KIF23 has been implicated in the formation and proliferation of GL261

glioma A glioma is a type of tumor that starts in the glial cells of the brain or the spine. Gliomas comprise about 30 percent of all brain tumors and central nervous system tumours, and 80 percent of all malignant brain tumours. Signs and symptoms ...

s in mouse.

References

External links

* * * * * {{cite journal, last=Barr, first=Francis, title=Francis Barr Lab, url=http://www.bioch.ox.ac.uk/aspsite/index.asp?pageid=824&site=mitosis, journal=Research Lab, year=2005, volume=15, issue=9, pages=R314-5, doi=10.1016/j.cub.2005.04.040, pmid=15931723, s2cid=19619462, doi-access=free