The ''Feldjäger'' were established in 1808 as Jäger infantry in the

Empire of Austria The Austrian Empire (german: link=no, Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling , ) was a Central-Eastern European multinational great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence, ...

and later formed part of the regular infantry of the

Common Army The Common Army (german: Gemeinsame Armee, hu, Közös Hadsereg) as it was officially designated by the Imperial and Royal Military Administration, was the largest part of the Austro-Hungarian land forces from 1867 to 1914, the other two eleme ...

, only their peacetime uniform distinguishing them. The designation ''Jäger'' for the soldiers and ''Feldjäger'' for their units had purely historical reasons, as light infantry and skirmisher units had been abolished in 1866.

Uniform

The hat made of matte black, waterproof

felt Felt is a textile material that is produced by matting, condensing and pressing fibers together. Felt can be made of natural fibers such as wool or animal fur, or from synthetic fibers such as petroleum-based acrylic or acrylonitrile or wood ...

served as the parade headgear for the Jäger and k.k. Landwehr. It had a crown and brim and was decorated with a circular green cord, the Jäger hat badge and a hackle of black cock feathers. The chinstrap was made of sheep's wool, had a button and an acorn covered with green wool at each end. The two acorns were attached to the rear of the crown. The cord for officers was made of black interwoven gold thread. The crown was in the shape of an oval cone, with a moderately bulbous base at the top. The brim was level at the back and front, but turned up on both sides. The edge of the brim was edged with black, lacquered calfskin. On the left side of the brim was a rearward sloping pocket made of hat felt for attaching the hackle. The hat badge - made of gilt metal - depicted a

hunting horn A horn is any of a family of musical instruments made of a tube, usually made of metal and often curved in various ways, with one narrow end into which the musician blows, and a wide end from which sound emerges. In horns, unlike some other br ...

. In the space within the coil, a Tyrolean eagle (heraldic animal) was attached in the case of the

Kaiserjäger The ''Kaiserjäger'' (officially designated by the Imperial and Royal (''k.u.k.'') military administration as the ''Tiroler Jäger-Regimenter'' or "Tyrolean Rifle Regiments"), were formed in 1895 as four normal infantry regiments within the Commo ...

, or the battalion number in the case of the Feldjäger. They were made of silver-coloured

nickel silver Nickel silver, Maillechort, German silver, Argentan, new silver, nickel brass, albata, alpacca, is a copper alloy with nickel and often zinc. The usual formulation is 60% copper, 20% nickel and 20% zinc. Nickel silver does not contain the eleme ...

. The badge was attached above the hackle pocket, so that the eagle or the number slanted in the same direction as the pocket. The plume was in the shape of a cock's tail tied to a 1.5-mm-thick piece of steel wire. The length of the plume was 29 cm. The plume was inserted into the pocket on the hat, so that the feathers hung down in an arc towards the back. The

infantry Infantry is a military specialization which engages in ground combat on foot. Infantry generally consists of light infantry, mountain infantry, motorized infantry & mechanized infantry, airborne infantry, air assault infantry, and marine i ...

field cap was used in the field. The

tunic A tunic is a garment for the body, usually simple in style, reaching from the shoulders to a length somewhere between the hips and the knees. The name derives from the Latin ''tunica'', the basic garment worn by both men and women in Ancient Rome ...

of the Jäger - for soldiers and

officer An officer is a person who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization. The term derives from Old French ''oficier'' "officer, official" (early 14c., Modern French ''officier''), from Medieval Latin ''officiarius'' "an officer," fro ...

s - corresponded in cut to that of the infantry. The soldiers' coat of pike-grey cloth had epaulettes, shoulder patches, collar and cuffs of grass-green colour. The buttons of all Jäger units were yellow and marked with the battalion number. The Jäger jackets were the same colour as the coat. Their arm of service was indicated by their grass-green parolis. The rest of their equipment was no different from that of the

line infantry Line infantry was the type of infantry that composed the basis of European land armies from the late 17th century to the mid-19th century. Maurice of Nassau and Gustavus Adolphus are generally regarded as its pioneers, while Turenne and Monte ...

Units

In 1914 there were 29 independent Feldjäger

battalion A battalion is a military unit, typically consisting of 300 to 1,200 soldiers commanded by a lieutenant colonel, and subdivided into a number of companies (usually each commanded by a major or a captain). In some countries, battalions are ...

s and ein Bosnian-Herzegovinian Feldjäger Battalion. *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 1 :Formed: 1808 – XIV Army Corps – 8th Infantry Division – 16th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 62 % Germans – 36 % Czechs – 2 % other :Battalion language: Czech, German :Garrison:

Tione di Trento Tione di Trento (german: Taun, ''Teyen'' or ''Tillen'') is a ''comune'' (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about west of Trento. Tione di Trento borders the following municipalitie ...

:Recruiting district:

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:Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Richard von Vittorelli *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 2 :Formed: 1808 – XIV Army Corps – 8th Infantry Division – 122nd Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 74 % Czechs – 26 % Germans :Battalion language: Czech, German :Garrison:

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:Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre: Königgrätz :Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Hugo Mayer *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 3 : vakant *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 4 :Formed: 1808 – XIV Army Corps – 3rd Infantry Division – 6th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 77 % Poles – 23 % other :Battalion language: Polish :Garrison: Braunau :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

Rzeszów Rzeszów ( , ; la, Resovia; yi, ריישא ''Raisha'')) is the largest city in southeastern Poland. It is located on both sides of the Wisłok River in the heartland of the Sandomierz Basin. Rzeszów has been the capital of the Subcarpathian Vo ...

:Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Felix Schultz *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 5 :Formed: 1808 – III Army Corps – 6th Infantry Division – 12nd Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 39 % Germans – 25 % Czechs – 25 % Poles – 11 % other :Battalion language: Czech, German, Polish :Garrison:

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:Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

Olmütz Olomouc (, , ; german: Olmütz; pl, Ołomuniec ; la, Olomucium or ''Iuliomontium'') is a city in the Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, i ...

:Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Carl Pöscheck *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 6 :Formed: 1808 – XIV Army Corps – 8th Infantry Division – 122nd Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 69 % Czechs – 30 % Germans – 1 % other :Battalion language: Czech, German :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre: Pilsen :Garrison:

Sillian Sillian is a market town in the district of Lienz, in the Austrian state of Tyrol. Geography The municipality, at a height of about , is the main settlement in the East Tyrolean '' Hochpustertal'', the eastern part of the Puster Valley, stretchi ...

:Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Franz Kahler Unterjäger der k

*k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 7 :Formed: 1808 – III Army Corps – 28th Infantry Division – 94th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 85 % Slovenes – 15 % other :Battalion language: Slovenian :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

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:Garrison: Canale :Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Wilhelm Staufer * k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 8 * k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 9 *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion „Kopal“ No. 10 :Formed: 1813 – XIV Army Corps – 8th Infantry Division – 15th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 98 % Germans – 2 % other :Battalion language: German :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

St. Pölten ST, St, or St. may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Stanza, in poetry * Suicidal Tendencies, an American heavy metal/hardcore punk band * Star Trek, a science-fiction media franchise * Summa Theologica, a compendium of Catholic philosophy ...

:Garrison:

Vigo di Fassa Vigo di Fassa ( lld, Vich de Fascia, german: Wiegen im Fasstal or ''Vig im Fasstal'') is a ''frazione'' of Sèn Jan di Fassa in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about northeast of Trento. In the ...

:Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Oswald Eccher von Eccho, Edler v. Marienberg *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 11 :Formed: 1813 – III Army Corps – 28th Infantry Division – 56th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 52 % Germans – 44 %

Hungarians Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Urali ...

– 4 % other :Battalion language: German, Hungarian :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

Győr Győr ( , ; german: Raab, links=no; names of European cities in different languages: E-H#G, names in other languages) is the main city of northwest Hungary, the capital of Győr-Moson-Sopron County and Western Transdanubia, Western Transdanubia ...

:Garrison: Gradisca :Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Norbert Frass *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 12 :Formed: 1813 – XIV Army Corps – 8th Infantry Division – 15th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 67 % Czechs – 32 % Germans – 1 % other :Battalion language: Czech, German :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre: Jungbunzlau :Garrison:

Innsbruck Innsbruck (; bar, Innschbruck, label=Bavarian language, Austro-Bavarian ) is the capital of Tyrol (state), Tyrol and the List of cities and towns in Austria, fifth-largest city in Austria. On the Inn (river), River Inn, at its junction with the ...

:Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Dante Bontadi *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 13 :Formed: 1849 – XIV Army Corps – 8th Infantry Division – 15th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 47 % Poles – 36 %

Ruthenians Ruthenian and Ruthene are exonyms of Latin origin, formerly used in Eastern and Central Europe as common ethnonyms for East Slavs, particularly during the late medieval and early modern periods. The Latin term Rutheni was used in medieval sourc ...

– 17 % other :Battalion language: Polish :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

Krakau Krakau is a municipality in the district of Murau in Styria, Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation ...

:Garrison:

Cavalese Cavalese (''Cavalés'' in local dialect) is a ''comune'' of 4,004 inhabitants in Trentino, northern Italy, a ski resort and the main center in the Fiemme Valley. It is part of the Magnifica Comunità di Fiemme (Magnificent Community of Fiemme) an ...

:Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Ludwig Ritter von Stampfer *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 14 :Formed: 1914 – XIV Army Corps – 8th Infantry Division – 16th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 47 % Ruthenians – 43 % Poles – 1 % other :Battalion language: Polish :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

Przemyśl Przemyśl (; yi, פשעמישל, Pshemishl; uk, Перемишль, Peremyshl; german: Premissel) is a city in southeastern Poland with 58,721 inhabitants, as of December 2021. In 1999, it became part of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship; it was pr ...

:Garrison:

Mezzolombardo Mezzolombardo (local dialect: ''Mezombart'') is a ''comune'' (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about north of the city of Trento. As of 31 December 2006, it had a population of 6,498 ...

:Commandant: Major Alfred von Hankenstein *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 15 : vakant *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 16 :Formed: 1849 – XIV Army Corps – 8th Infantry Division – 16th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 56 % Germans – 34 % Czechs – 10 % other :Battalion language: Czech, German :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

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:Garrison:

Levico Levico Terme (''Levego'' in local dialect; cim, Leve) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about southeast of Trento. As of 30 June 2012, it had a population of 7,668 a ...

:Commandant: Major Karl Lerch *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 17 :Formed: 1849 – III Army Corps – 6th Infantry Division – 12nd Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 63 % Czechs – 36 % Germans – 1 % other :Battalion language: Czech, German :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

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:Garrison:

Judenburg Judenburg ( bar, Judnbuag) is a historic town in Styria, Austria. It is the administrative centre of the Murtal district, which was created on 1 January 2012 from the former Judenburg District and former Knittelfeld District. Until 31 December ...

:Commandant: Major Rudolf Dückelmann *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 18 :Formed: 1914 – XIV Army Corps – 8th Infantry Division – 16th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 59 % Ruthenians – 31 % Poles – 10 % other :Battalion language: Polish :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

Lemberg Lviv ( uk, Львів) is the largest city in Western Ukraine, western Ukraine, and the List of cities in Ukraine, seventh-largest in Ukraine, with a population of . It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is o ...

:Garrison: Trient :Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Maximilian Lauer *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 19 :Formed: 1849 – III Army Corps – 6th Infantry Division – 12nd Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 58 % Slovaks – 32 % Hungarians – 10 % other :Battalion language: Slovakian, Hungarian :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre: Komorn :Garrison:

Klagenfurt Klagenfurt am WörtherseeLandesgesetzblatt 2008 vom 16. Jänner 2008, Stück 1, Nr. 1: ''Gesetz vom 25. Oktober 2007, mit dem die Kärntner Landesverfassung und das Klagenfurter Stadtrecht 1998 geändert werden.'/ref> (; ; sl, Celovec), usually ...

:Commandant: Major Ernst Mathes *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 20 :Formed: 1849 – III Army Corps – 28th Infantry Division – 56th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 58 % Slovenes – 31 % Trientines/Triestines – 21 % other :Battalion language: Slovenian, Italian :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

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:Garrison: Kremaun :Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Franz Schöbinger *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 21 :Formed: 1849 – III Army Corps – 6th Infantry Division – 11st Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 98 % Germans 2 % other :Battalion language: German :Recruiting district: Vienna :Garrison: Mitrovica :Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Johann Haas * k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 22 :Formed: 1849 – XIV Army Corps – 8th Infantry Division – 16th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 70 % Germans – 28 % Czechs – 2 % other :Battalion language: German, Czech :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre: Eger (Böhmen) :Garrison:

Borgo Valsugana Borgo Valsugana (''El Bórgo'' in local dialect) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about east of Trento. Borgo Valsugana borders the following municipalities: Telve, ...

:Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Wenzel Ort *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 23 :Formed: 1849 – VII Army Corps – 34th Infantry Division – 68th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 68 % Romanians – 28 % Hungarians – 4 % other :Battalion language: Romanian, Hungarian :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre: Marosvásárhely :Garrison: Pancsova :Commandant: Major Theodor Althoff *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 24 :Formed: 1849 – III Army Corps – 28th Infantry Division – 55th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 86 % Hungarians – 14 % other :Battalion language: Hungarian :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...

:Garrison:

Rovigno Rovinj (; it, Rovigno; Istriot: or ; grc, Ρυγίνιον, Rygínion; la, Ruginium) is a city in Croatia situated on the north Adriatic Sea with a population of 14,294 (2011). Located on the western coast of the Istrian peninsula, it is a po ...

(one coy. in Parenzo) :Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Emmerich Gerö *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 25 :Formed: 1849 – II Army Corps – 25th Infantry Division – 49th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 75 % Czechs – 22 % Germans – 3 % other :Battalion language: Czech, German :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

:Garrison:

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

(Schönbrunner Schloßkaserne / two companies at the Mauerkaserne barracks) :Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Arnold Barwick *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 26 : vakant *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 27 :Formed: 1914 – XIV Army Corps – 8th Infantry Division – 121st Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 54 % Romanians – 27 % Ruthenians – 19 % other :Battalion language: Romanian, Polish :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

Czernowitz Chernivtsi ( uk, Чернівці́}, ; ro, Cernăuți, ; see also other names) is a city in the historical region of Bukovina, which is now divided along the borders of Romania and Ukraine, including this city, which is situated on the up ...

:Garrison:

Hall in Tirol Hall in Tyrol is a town in the Innsbruck-Land district of Tyrol, Austria. Located at an altitude of 574 m, about 5 km (3 mi) east of the state's capital Innsbruck in the Inn valley, it has a population of about 13,000 (Jan 2013). History ...

:Commandant: Major Friedrich Nürnberger *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 28 :Formed: 1859 – VII Army Corps – 34th Infantry Division – 68th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 73 % Romanians – 27 % other :Battalion language: Romanian :Recruiting district: Arad :Garrison: Kevévara :Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Augustin Dorotka von Ehrenwall *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 29 :Formed: 1859 – III Army Corps – 28th Infantry Division – 56th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 29 % Hungarians – 67 % Slovaks – 4 % sonstige :Battalion language: Hungarian, Slovakian :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre: Losoncz :Garrison:

Monfalcone Monfalcone (; Bisiacco: ; fur, Monfalcon; sl, Tržič; archaic german: Falkenberg) is a town and ''comune'' of the province of Gorizia in Friuli Venezia Giulia, northern Italy, located on the Gulf of Trieste. Monfalcone means 'falcon mountain' ...

:Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Desiderius Farkas JägermajorParade

*k. u. k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 30 :Formed: 1859 – XIV Army Corps – 3rd Infantry Division – 6th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 70 % Ruthenians – 30 % other :Battalion language: Polish :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

Stanislau Ivano-Frankivsk ( uk, Іва́но-Франкі́вськ, translit=Iváno-Frankívśk ), formerly Stanyslaviv ( pl, Stanisławów ; german: Stanislau), is a city located in Western Ukraine. It is the administrative centre of Ivano-Frankivsk Obl ...

:Garrison:

Steyr Steyr (; Central Bavarian: ''Steia'') is a statutory city, located in the Austrian federal state of Upper Austria. It is the administrative capital, though not part of Steyr-Land District. Steyr is Austria's 12th most populated town and the 3rd l ...

:Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Jungl *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 31 :Formed: 1859 – XIII Army Corps – 7th Infantry Division – 14th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 95 % Croats – 5 % other :Battalion language: Croatian :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

Zagreb Zagreb ( , , , ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slop ...

:Garrison:

Bruck an der Mur Bruck an der Mur is a city of some 13,500 people located in the district Bruck-Mürzzuschlag, in the Austrian state of Styria. It is located at the confluence of the Mur and Mürz Rivers. Its manufacturing includes metal products and paper. Br ...

:Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Eduard Hospodarž *k.u.k. Feldjäger Battalion No. 32 :Formed: 1859 – XI Army Corps – 30th Infantry Division – 60th Infantry Brigade :Nationalities: 74 % Slovaks – 26 % other :Battalion language: Slovakian :Recruiting district and reinforcement cadre:

Eperjes Eperjes is a village in Szentes District of Csongrád County, in the Southern Great Plain region of southern Hungary. Geography It covers an area of and has a population Population typically refers to the number of people in a single ...

:Garrison:

Trembowla Terebovlia ( uk, Теребовля, pl, Trembowla, yi, טרעבעוולע, Trembovla) is a small city in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It is an ancient settlement that traces its roots to the settlement of Tere ...

:Commandant: Lieutenant Colonel Carl Strohmer

ORBAT

Peace establishment

26 officers, 390 men, 20 horse * Battalion staff * 4 field companies * 1 Jäger machine gun division * Reinforcement company cadre with augmentation magazine (training)

War establishment

26 officers, 1,100 men, 70 horse * Battalion staff * 4 field companies * 1 Jäger machine gun division * Wagon train * Reinforcement companies (in the home garrison)

Sources

* Austrian State Archives / War Archives in Vienna

Footnotes

Literature

* Peter Fichtenbauer, Christian Ortner: ''Die Geschichte der österreichischen Armee von Maria Theresia bis zur Gegenwart in Essays und bildlichen Darstellungen'', Verlag Militaria, Vienna, 2015, * Johann C. Allmayer-Beck, Erich Lessing: ''Die K.u.k. Armee. 1848–1914''. Verlag Bertelsmann, Munich, 1974, . *

k.u.k. Kriegsministerium The Imperial and Royal Minister of War (german: K.u.k. Kriegsminister), until 1911: Reich Minister of War (''Reichskriegsminister''), was the head of one of the three common ministries shared by the two states which made up the dual monarchy of Au ...

„Dislokation und Einteilung des k.u.k Heeres, der k.u.k. Kriegsmarine, der k.k. Landwehr und der k.u. Landwehr“ in: Seidels kleines Armeeschema – Publisher: Seidel & Sohn Vienna, 1914 * Hauptmann V. Pech: ''Heerwesen-Tabellen Lehr- und Lernbehelf für Militärerziehungs- und Bildungsanstalten sowie Reserveoffiziersschulen'', Prague, 1915 * Stefan Rest: ''Des Kaisers Rock im ersten Weltkrieg''. Verlag Militaria, Vienna, 2002,

External links

Die Tiroler Kaiserjäger ("The Tyrolean Kaiserjäger")

Österreich-Ungarns bewaffnete Macht 1900-1914 ("Austria-Hungary's Armed Power 1900–1914")

The Kaiserjäger Museum
{{DEFAULTSORT:Imperial and Royal Kaiserjager Kaiserjager Infantry units and formations