József Ficzkó or Fitzkó (

Burgenland Croatian Burgenland Croatian (; german: Burgenländisch-Kroatisch, Burgenlandkroatisch, burgenlandkroatische Sprache, burgenländisch-kroatischen Sprache, hu, gradiscsei horvát nyelv) is a regional variety of the Chakavian dialect of Croatian spoken ...

: ''Jožef Ficko'') (15 March 1772 – 28 November 1843) was a Slovene Roman Catholic priest and writer. After becoming a priest in the village of

Peresznye Peresznye ( hr, Prisika; german: Prössing) is a village in Vas County, Hungary, close to the border towards Austria which was drawn in 1921 according to the Treaty of Trianon. It is situated between Lutzmannsburg, Burgenland, Austria, and Cse ...

near the current Hungarian-Austrian border, he became one of the most important

writers of his time.

Biography

Ficzkó was born in Boreča (now

Prekmurje Prekmurje (; dialectically: ''Prèkmürsko'' or ''Prèkmüre''; hu, Muravidék) is a geographically, linguistically, culturally and ethnically defined region of Slovenia, settled by Slovenes and a Hungarian minority, lying between the Mur Ri ...

Slovenia Slovenia ( ; sl, Slovenija ), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: , abbr.: ''RS''), is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the southeast, an ...

), then part of

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia a ...

, which became part of the

Austrian Empire The Austrian Empire (german: link=no, Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling , ) was a Central-Eastern European multinational great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence, ...

in 1804. His parents were Miklós Ficzkó and Ilona (Jelena) Ficzkó. He studied in

Szombathely Szombathely (; german: Steinamanger, ; see also other alternative names) is the 10th largest city in Hungary. It is the administrative centre of Vas county in the west of the country, located near the border with Austria. Szombathely lies by t ...

with the help of

Miklós Küzmics Miklós Küzmics (Slovene: Mikloš Küzmič; September 15, 1737 – April 11, 1804) was a Hungarian Slovene writer and translator. Biography Küzmics was born in Dolnji Slaveči and died in Kančevci. His parents were János and Erzsébet Küsm ...

, a

Prekmurje Slovene Prekmurje Slovene, also known as the Prekmurje dialect, East Slovene, or Wendish ( sl, prekmurščina, prekmursko narečje, hu, vend nyelv, muravidéki nyelv, Prekmurje dialect: ''prekmürski jezik, prekmürščina, prekmörščina, prekmör ...

writer, and was ordained in 1797. From 1802 until his death, Ficzkó was the priest in the small village of

, near

Kőszeg Kőszeg (german: Güns, ; Slovak: ''Kysak'', sl, Kiseg, hr, Kiseg) is a town in Vas County, Hungary. The town is famous for its historical character. History The origins of the only free royal town in the historical garrison county of Vas ...

, in an area in western Hungary in which many

Burgenland Croats Burgenland Croats (, , , ) is the name for ethnic Croats in the Austrian state of Burgenland, along with Croats in neighboring Hungary and Slovakia. Around 320,000 residents of Austria identify as of Croat heritage; 56,785 have, as sole or mul ...

lived. Here he learned the local dialect of Croatian and wrote books in

. Ficzkó was a significant writer working in the standard language of the Burgenland Croats. His style was known as the

Baroque The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including t ...

. Ficzkó rejected

Panslavism Pan-Slavism, a movement which crystallized in the mid-19th century, is the political ideology concerned with the advancement of integrity and unity for the Slavic people. Its main impact occurred in the Balkans, where non-Slavic empires had ruled ...

Illyrism The Illyrian movement ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, Ilirski pokret, Илирски покрет; sl, Ilirsko gibanje) was a pan-South-Slavic cultural and political campaign with roots in the early modern period, and revived by a group of young Croatian inte ...

, the new

Serbo-Croatian language Serbo-Croatian () – also called Serbo-Croat (), Serbo-Croat-Bosnian (SCB), Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian (BCS), and Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian (BCMS) – is a South Slavic language and the primary language of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and ...

, and

Gaj's alphabet Gaj's Latin alphabet ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, Gajeva latinica, separator=" / ", Гајева латиница}, ), also known as ( sh-Cyrl, абецеда, ) or ( sh-Cyrl, гајица, link=no, ), is the form of the Latin script used for writing Serb ...

. Instead, he supported using a clear Burgenland Croatian language to be understood by the people of his region.

Works

* ''A.B.C. knyisicze za diczu Horváczkoga naroda va Kralyesztvi Vugerszkom'' (Primer for Croatian Children in the Kingdom of Hungary) * ''Kratak pregléd Sztaroga Zakona'' (A Short Overview of the Old Testament), 1824 * ''Kratak pregléd Novoga Zakona'' (A Short Overview of the New Testament), 1824 * ''Nova hizsa zlata'' (The New Golden House), 1829 * ''Razlaganye velikoga katekismusa'' (An Explanation of the Great Catechism), 1836 * ''Kratko razlaganye czrikveni czeremoniov'' (Explanation of Church Ceremonies), 1836 * ''Novo Marianszko Zvetye'' (The New Virgin's Flower), 1837 * ''Nova Vrata nebeszka'' (The New Heavenly Gate), 1864

Literature

* Nikola Benčić: ''Književnost gradišćanskih Hrvata'',

Zagreb Zagreb ( , , , ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slop ...

1998.

References

External links

Siegfried Tornow: Burgenlandkroatisch
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ficzko, Jozsef 1772 births 1843 deaths Burgenland Croats Croatian writers 19th-century Croatian Roman Catholic priests 18th-century Hungarian Roman Catholic priests 19th-century Hungarian Roman Catholic priests People from the Municipality of Gornji Petrovci

Biography

Works

Literature

See also

References

External links