Julius Faucher (13 June 1820 in

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitu ...

– 12 June 1878 in

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus ( legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

) was a German journalist and a significant advocate of

liberalism Liberalism is a Political philosophy, political and moral philosophy based on the Individual rights, rights of the individual, liberty, consent of the governed, political equality and equality before the law."political rationalism, hostilit ...

and

free trade Free trade is a trade policy that does not restrict imports or exports. It can also be understood as the free market idea applied to international trade. In government, free trade is predominantly advocated by political parties that hold econ ...

. He was one of the first to advocate privatizing the security functions of the state, which would eliminate taxation.

Ralph Raico Ralph Raico (; October 23, 1936 – December 13, 2016) was an American libertarian historian of European liberalism and a professor of history at Buffalo State College.individualist anarchism Individualist anarchism is the branch of anarchism that emphasizes the individual and their will over external determinants such as groups, society, traditions and ideological systems."What do I mean by individualism? I mean by individualism th ...

, or, as it would be called today,

anarcho-capitalism Anarcho-capitalism (or, colloquially, ancap) is an anti-statist, libertarian, and anti-political philosophy and economic theory that seeks to abolish centralized states in favor of stateless societies with systems of private property en ...

market anarchism Free-market anarchism, or market anarchism, also known as free-market anti-capitalism and free-market socialism, is the branch of anarchism that advocates a free-market economic system based on voluntary interactions without the involvement of ...

Biography

Faucher's father, a Huguenot, was a member of the French colony in Berlin, where Faucher was educated. In 1845, Faucher married Karoline Sommerbrodt, daughter of a hat-maker from Berlin, with whom he later had a daughter, Lucie, "the greatest joy of his eventful life". In 1844, Faucher got to know John Prince-Smith and became an advocate of

Manchester Liberalism Manchester Liberalism (also called the Manchester School, Manchester Capitalism and Manchesterism) comprises the political, economic and social movements of the 19th century that originated in Manchester, England. Led by Richard Cobden and John ...

. Thus, they founded the ''Free Trade Association of Berlin'' (which did not have much influence) and the

Free Trade Free trade is a trade policy that does not restrict imports or exports. It can also be understood as the free market idea applied to international trade. In government, free trade is predominantly advocated by political parties that hold econ ...

-newspaper ''Börsennachrichten an der Ostsee'', later becoming the ''Ostseezeitung''. In this newspaper, they advanced a ''

laissez-faire ''Laissez-faire'' ( ; from french: laissez faire , ) is an economic system in which transactions between private groups of people are free from any form of economic interventionism (such as subsidies) deriving from special interest groups ...

'' trade policy. It was in this time that Faucher attended the regular meetings of several left-wing Hegelians and economists, including

Max Stirner Johann Kaspar Schmidt (25 October 1806 – 26 June 1856), known professionally as Max Stirner, was a German post-Hegelian philosopher, dealing mainly with the Hegelian notion of social alienation and self-consciousness. Stirner is often seen a ...

, at the Hippel Restaurant in

Friedrichstraße The Friedrichstraße () (lit. ''Frederick Street'') is a major culture and shopping street in central Berlin, forming the core of the Friedrichstadt neighborhood and giving the name to Berlin Friedrichstraße station. It runs from the northern pa ...

. When the

Revolutions of 1848 The Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Springtime of the Peoples or the Springtime of Nations, were a series of political upheavals throughout Europe starting in 1848. It remains the most widespread revolutionary wave in Europ ...

took place, Faucher entered combat on 18–19 March in Stockholm (''Marsoroligheterna'').Mackay, p. 197. In 1850, Faucher became editor of the newspaper ''Berliner Abendpost'', of which he was the founder. After facing conflicts with the

Prussia Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an e ...

n government about his

points of view, including suppression of his newspaper, Faucher emigrated to

England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe ...

. There, he joined the staff of the ''Morning Star'' and became correspondent for several German newspapers and later secretary to

Richard Cobden Richard Cobden (3 June 1804 – 2 April 1865) was an English Radical and Liberal politician, manufacturer, and a campaigner for free trade and peace. He was associated with the Anti-Corn Law League and the Cobden–Chevalier Treaty. As a you ...

. Faucher returned to Prussia in 1861, where he advocate strenuously for the liberty of domicile, free trade and freedom in industry. He was elected to the Abgeordnetenhaus (a semi-parliament) for the

German Progress Party The German Progress Party (german: Deutsche Fortschrittspartei, DFP) was the first modern political party in Germany, founded by liberal members of the Prussian House of Representatives () in 1861 in opposition to Minister President Otto von Bism ...

. In 1863, he founded the newspaper ''Vierteljahrzeitschrift für Volkswirtschaft und Kulturgeschichte'' (''Quarterly Journal for Economics and Cultural History''). During the Franco-Prussian War, he was correspondent of the London '' Daily News'' with the German armies. In 1866, Faucher left the Progress Party and founded with 14 other Progress Party members and 9 members of the Zentrumspartei a new party, the National Liberal Party. The reason for the split-off was

Otto von Bismarck Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (, ; 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), born Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck, was a conservative German statesman and diplomat. From his origins in the upper class of ...

's Indemnitätsvorlage as the Progress Party voted against it while the National Liberals were on the side of Chancellor Bismarck (who broke the budget law to finance the war against Austria).

Works

* ''Ein Winter in Italien, Griechenland und Konstantinople'' ("A winter in Italy, Greece and Constantinople", 1876). * ''Vergleichende Kulturbilder aus den vier europäischen Millionenstädten'' ("Comparative descriptions of culture in the four largest European cities", 1877). * ''Streifzüge durch die Küsten und Inseln des Archipels und des ionischen Meeres'' ("Excursions through the coasts and island of the Ionian Sea", 1878). * "Russian Agrarian Legislation of 1861" (in ''System of Land Tenure in Various Countries'', 3rd ed., London, 1881).

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Faucher, Julius 1820 births 1878 deaths Writers from Berlin German journalists German male journalists German libertarians People from the Province of Brandenburg Members of the Prussian House of Representatives Individualist anarchists 19th-century German journalists 19th-century German male writers