Juan Francisco Treviño was the Governor of Santa Fe de Nuevo México (New Mexico) from 1675 to 1679. As governor, he persecuted the

Pueblo In the Southwestern United States, Pueblo (capitalized) refers to the Native tribes of Puebloans having fixed-location communities with permanent buildings which also are called pueblos (lowercased). The Spanish explorers of northern New Spain ...

Native Americans, causing the

Pueblo Revolt The Pueblo Revolt of 1680, also known as Popé's Rebellion or Popay's Rebellion, was an uprising of most of the indigenous Pueblo people against the Spanish colonizers in the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México, larger than present-day New Mex ...

against the Spanish settlers.

Biography

Treviño was appointed governor in 1675. Upon arriving in New Mexico, he took on the task of eliminating the native

religion. His knowledge of the religious practices was largely derived from Alonso de Posada's work, which detailed the aspects of shamanism.Martínez Laínez, Fernando and Canales Torres, Carlos. Banderas lejanas: La exploración, conquista y defensa por parte de España del Territorio de los actuales Estados Unidos (Flags far: The exploration, conquest and defense by Spain of the Territory of the present United States). Page 138-139. Fourth edition: September 2009. He ordered his troops to burn the

kiva A kiva is a space used by Puebloans for rites and political meetings, many of them associated with the kachina belief system. Among the modern Hopi and most other Pueblo peoples, "kiva" means a large room that is circular and underground ...

s and idols of the Pueblo,New Mexico Office of the State Historian: Juan Francisco Treviño
by Grace Meredith. Retrieved on January 1, 2012, to 21:59 pm. and arrest 47

medicine men A medicine man is a traditional healer and spiritual leader among the indigenous people of the Americas. Medicine Man or The Medicine Man may also refer to: Films * ''The Medicine Man'' (1917 film), an American silent film directed by Clifford S ...

, who were accused of

witchcraft Witchcraft traditionally means the use of magic or supernatural powers to harm others. A practitioner is a witch. In medieval and early modern Europe, where the term originated, accused witches were usually women who were believed to have ...

Etulain, Richard W. (editor; 2002)
New Mexican Lives: Profiles and Historical Stories
University of New Mexico Press. Page 60. and the murder of several missionaries. Three of them were hanged in Jemez, Nambé Pueblo, and San Felipe, while another forty-three were flogged, sold as slaves, and publicly humiliated. When some of the Native American leaders heard of what had happened in the Pueblo villages, they sent their men to Santa Fe demanding the release of detainees. Taking advantage of the fact that most of the governor's soldiers were away fighting the

Apaches The Apache () are a group of culturally related Native American tribes in the Southwestern United States, which include the Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Mimbreño, Ndendahe (Bedonkohe or Mogollon and Nednhi or Carrizaleño an ...

,Cronología histórica
about 70 Native American warriors surrounded the governor's palace and stormed inside, capturing Treviño. In exchange for his freedom, Treviño freed the imprisoned men. Among the Pueblos who were released was the religious leader,

Popé Popé or Po'pay (; c. 1630 – c. 1692) was a Tewa religious leader from Ohkay Owingeh (renamed San Juan Pueblo by the Spanish during the colonial period), who led the Pueblo Revolt in 1680 against Spanish colonial rule. In the first successfu ...

, who after his release, began planning a revolt against the Spanish. Upon receiving news that the Pueblos were again building kivas, Treviño ordered Franciscan missionaries to begin an investigation and destroy these rooms. On September 24, 1675, Treviño sent soldier Juan Dominguez de Mendoza to the Navajo lands leading a group of 40 Spanish men and 300 Pueblo auxiliaries. In the conflict, the troops killed and captured many Navajos, freed the Spanish and Pueblo prisoners, and destroyed other possessions. He renamed

Zia Pueblo Zia Pueblo ( Eastern Keres: Tsi'ya, Ts'iiy'a , es, Pueblo de Zía) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sandoval County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 646 at the 2000 census; Male: 310 Female: 336 The pueblo after which the CDP ...

as "Plaza de Armas", and converted it to an assembly and mustering place for the Spanish troops.Simmons, Marc; Esquibel, José (2012)
Juan Domínguez de Mendoza: Soldier and Frontiersman of the Spanish Southwest, 1627-1696
The University of New Mexico Press. The New Mexican population also had troubles with the Apaches who destroyed agricultural lands and churches in New Mexico. In June 1676, Lieutenant Governor Tomé Mendoza (who was brother of Juan Dominguez de Mendoza) was ordered to form an expedition against the Apaches who were attacking Socorro and Senecú. Juan de Mendoza was appointed as commander of these troops by Treviño. After two more years of governance in New Mexico, Treviño retired in 1679 and was replaced by Antonio de Otermin. In 1677, Treviño returned to the Capital of New Spain.

References

External links

National Park service
{{DEFAULTSORT:Trevino, Juan Francisco Colonial governors of Santa Fe de Nuevo México Neomexicano slave owners