Johnson Niles
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Johnson Niles (May 2, 1794 – March 23, 1872) was an
American American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, pe ...
politician who served one term in the
Michigan House of Representatives The Michigan House of Representatives is the lower house of the Michigan Legislature. There are 110 members, each of whom is elected from constituencies having approximately 77,000 to 91,000 residents, based on population figures from the 2010 ...
and two terms in the
Michigan Senate The Michigan Senate is the upper house of the Michigan Legislature. Along with the Michigan House of Representatives, it composes the state legislature, which has powers, roles and duties defined by Article IV of the Michigan Constitution, ado ...
in the early years of Michigan's statehood. He was an early settler of
Oakland County, Michigan Oakland County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is part of the metropolitan Detroit area, located northwest of the city. As of the 2020 Census, its population was 1,274,395, making it the second-most populous county in Michigan, b ...
, and the founder of
Troy, Michigan Troy is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. Its population was 87,294 at the 2020 U.S. census, making Troy the most populous city in the county and the 13th most-populous municipality in the state. Troy is a northern suburb of Me ...
.


Biography

Johnson Niles was born May 2, 1794, at
Richfield, New York Richfield is a town located in Otsego County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town had a population of 2,388. The Town of Richfield is located at the northern border of the county. History Richfield Springs was called "Big ...
,His birthplace is given as Richfield, New York, in some sources (, ), and Burlington, Vermont, in another (). Niles reported New York as his birth place in the 1860 census (). the son of Samuel Niles, who was wounded fighting under General
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during the
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. Niles grew up in New York, eventually moving to Steuben County, where Governor
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commissioned him as paymaster of a battalion in the state militia. Niles purchased in
Oakland County Oakland County is a County (United States), county in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is part of the Metro Detroit, metropolitan Detroit area, located northwest of the city. As of the 2020 United States Census, 2020 Census, its population was 1, ...
, in the spring of 1821. He returned to New York to collect his family and brought them to Detroit on a 14-day
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voyage from
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. He went back to Oakland County, which had fourteen families living in it at the time, and helped erect a number of buildings. He built a log home for himself the following year, and moved his family into it. The settlement became known as Troy Corners, the site of present-day
Troy, Michigan Troy is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. Its population was 87,294 at the 2020 U.S. census, making Troy the most populous city in the county and the 13th most-populous municipality in the state. Troy is a northern suburb of Me ...
. The nearest other settlers were 13 miles away, and Niles cut his own road to the settlement, where he began trading with local Native Americans. He grew the business into a full store by 1830, and at that time opened a tavern as well, and later opened a large hotel, the Troy Hotel, on the
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in 1837. He established a reputation as a leader in the state's
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, and a historian noted of him, "It was frequently remarked that no Democratic convention was complete without Johnson Niles". He was commissioned as the first postmaster in Troy in 1823, and held the post until 1840; President
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re-appointed him and he served until the election of President
Franklin Pierce Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804October 8, 1869) was the 14th president of the United States, serving from 1853 to 1857. He was a northern Democrat who believed that the abolitionist movement was a fundamental threat to the nation's unity ...
, who appointed Niles's son George to succeed him. Governor
Lewis Cass Lewis Cass (October 9, 1782June 17, 1866) was an American military officer, politician, and statesman. He represented Michigan in the United States Senate and served in the Cabinets of two U.S. Presidents, Andrew Jackson and James Buchanan. He w ...
appointed him justice of the peace in 1823, and he was repeatedly re-appointed for several more terms. He was appointed a commissioner of
Oakland County Oakland County is a County (United States), county in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is part of the Metro Detroit, metropolitan Detroit area, located northwest of the city. As of the 2020 United States Census, 2020 Census, its population was 1, ...
in 1826, and he held the office for several years. In the first election for the newly established
Michigan House of Representatives The Michigan House of Representatives is the lower house of the Michigan Legislature. There are 110 members, each of whom is elected from constituencies having approximately 77,000 to 91,000 residents, based on population figures from the 2010 ...
in 1835, Niles was elected to represent
Oakland County Oakland County is a County (United States), county in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is part of the Metro Detroit, metropolitan Detroit area, located northwest of the city. As of the 2020 United States Census, 2020 Census, its population was 1, ...
, serving one term. He was elected to the
Michigan Senate The Michigan Senate is the upper house of the Michigan Legislature. Along with the Michigan House of Representatives, it composes the state legislature, which has powers, roles and duties defined by Article IV of the Michigan Constitution, ado ...
and served from 1844 to 1845. Niles died on March 23, 1872.


Family

Niles and Rhoda Phelps were married on February 15, 1815, in
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. They had three children: Julia Ann, Orange Jay, and George. Rhoda Niles died on August 7, 1864. George Johnson later returned to live in the family homestead beginning in 1870. Orange Johnson succeeded his father as postmaster in Troy.


Notes


References

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External links


Troy Corners
Michigan Historical Marker at the Niles homestead. {{DEFAULTSORT:Niles, Johnson 1794 births 1872 deaths Democratic Party members of the Michigan House of Representatives Democratic Party Michigan state senators 19th-century American politicians People from Richfield, New York People from Troy, Michigan