John Paul Frank
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John Paul Frank (November 10, 1917 – September 7, 2002) was an American lawyer and scholar involved in landmark civil rights, school desegregation, and criminal procedure cases before the
United States Supreme Court The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...
.


Biography

Frank attended the
University of Wisconsin A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, ...
and obtained a B.A. and M.A. in history. In 1940, Frank graduated with an LL.B. from the
University of Wisconsin Law School The University of Wisconsin Law School is the professional graduate law school of the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Located in Madison, Wisconsin, the school was founded in 1868. The University of Wisconsin Law School is guided by a "law in ...
with Order of the Coif honors. He clerked for Justice Hugo Black of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1942 to 1943. Frank spent the next two years as the assistant to the Secretary of the Interior and then to the U.S. Attorney General. He studied at
Yale Law School Yale Law School (Yale Law or YLS) is the law school of Yale University, a private research university in New Haven, Connecticut. It was established in 1824 and has been ranked as the best law school in the United States by '' U.S. News & Worl ...
and obtained a S.J.D. in 1947. In 1946, he joined the faculty of the Indiana University, Bloomington School of Law. He returned to Yale Law School to teach from 1949 to 1954, when he joined the law firm of Lewis & Roca in
Phoenix, Arizona Phoenix ( ; nv, Hoozdo; es, Fénix or , yuf-x-wal, Banyà:nyuwá) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona, with 1,608,139 residents as of 2020. It is the fifth-most populous city in the United States, and the on ...
.


Notable legal activity

Frank helped then-Chief Counsel for the
NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund The NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc. (NAACP LDF, the Legal Defense Fund, or LDF) is a leading United States civil rights organization and law firm based in New York City. LDF is wholly independent and separate from the NAACP. Altho ...
,
Thurgood Marshall Thurgood Marshall (July 2, 1908 – January 24, 1993) was an American civil rights lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1967 until 1991. He was the Supreme Court's first African-A ...
, formulate strategy in the school desegregation case of '' Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka'' (1954). Frank argued the case of '' Miranda v. Arizona'' (1966), which required that police inform criminal suspects of their rights. In ''
Bates v. State Bar of Arizona ''Bates v. State Bar of Arizona'', 433 U.S. 350 (1977), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld the right of lawyers to advertise their services.. In holding that lawyer advertising was commercial speech entitled to prote ...
'' (1977), Frank unsuccessfully argued before the U.S. Supreme Court that state bar limits on attorney advertising were consistent with the right to free speech under the First Amendment. Frank's papers are held at the
Library of Congress The Library of Congress (LOC) is the research library that officially serves the United States Congress and is the ''de facto'' national library of the United States. It is the oldest federal cultural institution in the country. The library ...
.


Personal life

In 1940, he married Lorraine Weiss (June 7, 1923 – December 22, 2005), a graduate of
Vassar College Vassar College ( ) is a private liberal arts college in Poughkeepsie, New York, United States. Founded in 1861 by Matthew Vassar, it was the second degree-granting institution of higher education for women in the United States, closely foll ...
, and they had five children.


Selected publications

* * * *


See also

* List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 1)


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Frank, John Paul 1917 births 2002 deaths University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni Yale Law School alumni Yale Law School faculty Indiana University faculty Law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States 20th-century American lawyers American legal scholars Legal writers American political writers American scholars of constitutional law People from Appleton, Wisconsin Lawyers from Phoenix, Arizona