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Johann Friedrich von Brandt (25 May 1802 – 15 July 1879) was a German-Russian naturalist, who worked mostly in Russia. Brandt was born in Jüterbog and educated at a gymnasium in
Wittenberg Wittenberg ( , ; Low Saxon: ''Wittenbarg''; meaning ''White Mountain''; officially Lutherstadt Wittenberg (''Luther City Wittenberg'')), is the fourth largest town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Wittenberg is situated on the River Elbe, north of ...
and the University of Berlin. In 1831 he emigrated to Russia, and soon was appointed director of the Zoological Museum of the
St Petersburg Academy of Sciences The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; russian: Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across t ...
. Brandt encouraged the collection of native animals, many of which were not represented in the museum. Many specimens began to arrive from the expeditions of Severtzov, Przhevalsky, Middendorff, Schrenck and Gustav Radde. He described several birds collected by Russian explorers off the Pacific Coast of North America, including
Brandt's cormorant Brandt's cormorant (''Urile penicillatus'') is a strictly marine bird of the cormorant family of seabirds that inhabits the Pacific coast of North America. It ranges, in the summer, from Alaska to the Gulf of California, but the population north ...
, red-legged kittiwake and spectacled eider. As a paleontologist, Brandt ranks among the best. He was also an
entomologist Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as ara ...
, specialising in Coleoptera (beetles) and Diplopoda (millipedes). He died in Merreküll, Governorate of Estonia. He is also commemorated in Brandt's bat, Brandt's hedgehog, three other species of
mammal Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur ...
s, and the lizard '' Iranolacerta brandtii''.


Works

In addition, Johann Friedrich von Brandt concerned the continuation of the work ''Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse'' of
Friedrich Gottlob Hayne Friedrich Gottlob Hayne (18 March 1763, Jüterbog – 24 April 1832, Berlin) was a German botanist, taxonomist, pharmacist and professor. Hayne showed an early interest in the plant world. From 1778 until 1796 he worked as a pharmacist in Berli ...
. *''Flora Berolinensis, sive descriptio plantarum phanerogamarum circa Berolinum sponte crescentium vel in agris cultarum additis filicibus et charis (''Berlin, 1824) *''Deutschlands phanerogamische Giftgewächse (''Berlin, 1828) *''Tabellar Uebersichi d. offizin. Gewächse nach d. Linn. Sexualsystem u. d. natürl. System'' (Berlin, 1829) *''Medizinische Zoologie oder getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der Thiere, die in der Arzneimittellehre in Betracht kommen, 2 vols.'' (Berlin, 1829–1833), written with J. T. C. Ratzeburt *''Uebersicht d. Charactere d. Familien d. offizin. Gewächse nach R. Brown, De Candolle, Jussieu,…'' (Berlin, 1830) *''Deutschlands kryptogamische Giftgewächse'' (Berlin, 1838) *''Deutschlands phanerogamische Geftgewächse as Abbildung und Beschreibung der in Deutschland wild wachsenden und in Gärten in freien ausdauernden Giftgewächse, nach natürlichen Familien erläutert, mit Beiträgen von P. Phoebus und J. T. C. Ratzeburg'' (Berlin, 1838) *''Symbolae Sirenologicae quibus praecipue Rhutinae historia naturalis illustratur'' (St. Petersburg, 1846) *''Symbolae Sirenologicae…, fasc. 2 and 3'' (St. Petersburg, 1861–1868) *''Mémoires de l’Académie impériale des sciences, St. Pétersbourg, 7th ser., 12, no. 1; Untersuchungen über die fossilen und subfossilen Cetaceen Europa’s mit Beiträgen von Van Beneden, Cornalia, Gastaldi, Quenstedt, und Paulson, nebst einem geologischen Anhange von Barbot de Marny, G. von Helmersen, A. Goebel und Th. Fuchs, ibid., 20, no. 1'' (1873) *''Ergänzungen, ibid., 21, no. 6'' (1874) *''Bericht über die Fortschritte, welche die zoologischen Wissenschaften den von der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St. Petersburg von 1831 bis 1879 herausgegeben Schriften verdanken'' (St. Petersburg, 1879) *''J. F. Brandtii index operum omnium'' (St. Petersburg, 1876), issued as a Festschrift. *''Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse wie auch solcher, welche mit ihnen verwechselt werden können''. 12 Volumes, 1805–1856 (continued from Johann Friedrich Brandt, Julius Theodor Christian Ratzeburg und
Johann Friedrich Klotzsch Johann Friedrich Klotzsch (9 June 1805 – 5 November 1860) was a German pharmacist and botanist. His principal work was in the field of mycology, with the study and description of many species of mushroom. Klotzsch was born in Wittenberg. Orig ...
)
Digital Edition
by the University and State Library Düsseldorf * ''Abbildung und Beschreibung der in Deutschland wild wachsenden und in Gärten im Freien ausdauernden Giftgewächse nach natürlichen Familien erläutert. Band 1: Phanerogamen'' Hirschwald, Berlin 183
Digital edition
by the University and State Library Düsseldorf * ''Abbildung und Beschreibung der in Deutschland wild wachsenden und in Gärten im Freien ausdauernden Giftgewächse nach natürlichen Familien erläutert. Band 2: Kryptogamen'' Hirschwald, Berlin 183
Digital edition
by the University and State Library Düsseldorf *Untersuchungen über die fossilen und subfossilen cetaceen Europa's. Mémoires de L'Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint-Petersbourg, Series 7 20(1):1-372 1873


Taxa described by Brandt


Genera

*'' Hemisyntrachelus''


Species

* ''
Acipenser baerii The Siberian sturgeon (''Acipenser baerii'') is a species of sturgeon in the family Acipenseridae. It is most present in all of the major Siberian river basins that drain northward into the Kara, Laptev and East Siberian Seas, including the Ob ...
'' Brandt, 1869 (Siberian sturgeon) * '' Acipenser guldenstadti'' Brandt &
Ratzeburg Ratzeburg (; Low German: ''Ratzborg'') is a town in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is surrounded by four lakes—the resulting isthmuses between the lakes form the access lanes to the town. Ratzeburg is the capital of the district Herzogtu ...
, 1833
(Caspian or Russian sturgeon) * '' Acipenser schrenckii'' Brandt, 1869 (Amur sturgeon) *'' Chrysaora Fuscescens'' Brandt, 1835 (Pacific sea nettle) * ''
Emberiza bruniceps The red-headed bunting (''Emberiza bruniceps'') is a passerine bird in the bunting family Emberizidae, a group now separated by most modern authors from the finches, Fringillidae. It breeds in central Asia-Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrg ...
'' Brandt, 1841 (Red-headed bunting) * '' Emberiza cioides'' Brandt, 1843 (Meadow bunting) * '' Holothuria leucospilota'' Brandt, 1835 (black long sea cucumber) * ''
Idotea ochotensis ''Idotea'' is a genus of isopod crustaceans, mostly from cold temperate waters. The taxonomy of the genus is still in doubt, and many of the currently recognised species may be synonym (taxonomy), taxonomic synonyms, and others may be moved to d ...
'' Brandt, 1851 * ''
Lasiopodomys brandtii Brandt's vole, (''Lasiopodomys brandtii''), also known as the steppe vole, is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is native to shrublands and grasslands in Russia, Mongolia and northern China. Characteristics Brandt's vole is abou ...
'' ( Radde, 1861) (Brandt's vole) * '' Ligia dilatata'' Brandt, 1833 (sea slater) *'' Metridium farcimen'' Brandt, 1835 (Giant Plumose Anemone) * ''
Mesocricetus brandti The Turkish hamster (''Mesocricetus brandti''), also referred to as Brandt's hamster, Azerbaijani hamster, or ''avurtlak'', is a species of hamster native to Turkey, Armenia and other surrounding nations. The Turkish hamster, first catalogued in ...
'' ( Nehring, 1898) (Brandt's or Turkish hamster) * ''
Myotis brandtii Brandt's bat or Brandt's myotis (''Myotis brandtii'') is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is native throughout most of Europe and parts of western Asia. Taxonomy and etymology The species was described in 1845 by Ger ...
'' Eversmann, 1845 (Brandt's bat) * ''
Paraechinus hypomelas Brandt's hedgehog (''Paraechinus hypomelas'') is a species of desert hedgehog native to parts of the Middle East and Central Asia. Its common name derives from its having first been described by Johann Friedrich von Brandt, a director of the Zo ...
'' (Brandt, 1836) (Brandt's hedgehog) * ''
Urile penicillatus Brandt's cormorant (''Urile penicillatus'') is a strictly marine bird of the cormorant family of seabirds that inhabits the Pacific coast of North America. It ranges, in the summer, from Alaska to the Gulf of California, but the population north ...
'' (Brandt, 1837) (Brandt's cormorant) * ''
Porphyrophora hamelii The Armenian cochineal (''Porphyrophora hamelii''), also known as the Ararat cochineal or Ararat scale, is a scale insect indigenous to the Ararat plain and Aras (Araks) River valley in the Armenian Highlands and in Turkey. It was formerly us ...
'' Brandt, 1833 (Armenian cochineal) * '' Somateria fischeri'' Brandt, 1847 (spectacled eider) * ''
Stichopus chloronotus ''Stichopus chloronotus'' is a species of sea cucumber. Common names include the greenfish sea cucumber, the spiky sea cucumber and the black knobby sea cucumber. It is native to the Indo-Pacific region. It has a wide range and is abundant and ...
'' Brandt, 1835 (black sea cucumber) * '' Trionyx maackii'' Brandt, 1858 (Chinese softshell turtle)Uniprot Taxonomy
/ref>


References

* Anonym 1877 Das fünfzigjährige Doktorjubiläum des Akademikers Geheimrat Johann Friedrich Brandt am 12.(24.) Januar 1876. St. Petersburg. * Anonym 1879 randt, J. F.''Botan. Ztg''. 37 743 * Anonym 1879: randt, J. F.''Naturaliste Canad''. 1 111 * Anonym 1879: iography''Zool. Anz.'' 2 480 * Medvedev, G. S. 2000 randt, J. F.''Trudy Russk. ent. Obsc.'' 71 6-22, Portr. * Ratzeburg, J. T. C. 1874 ''Forstwissenschaftliches Schriftsteller-Lexikon''. Berlin, Nicolai'sche Buchhandlung : X+1-516 72-76 * Strauch, A. 1889 ''Das zoologische Museum der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St. Petersburg in seinem fünfzigjährigen Bestehen''.


Notes


External links

* *
Brandt J. F.
scanned books.

in Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. {{DEFAULTSORT:Brandt, Johann Friedrich von German taxonomists 1802 births 1879 deaths German carcinologists German entomologists German ornithologists Myriapodologists Full members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences People from Jüterbog People from the Province of Brandenburg Humboldt University of Berlin alumni 19th-century German zoologists Privy Councillor (Russian Empire)