The Jendrassik Cs-1 was the world's first working

turboprop A turboprop is a turbine engine that drives an aircraft propeller. A turboprop consists of an intake, reduction gearbox, compressor, combustor, turbine, and a propelling nozzle. Air enters the intake and is compressed by the compressor. ...

engine. It was designed by Hungarian engineer

György Jendrassik György Jendrassik or in English technical literature: George Jendrassik (1898 Budapest – 1954 London) was a Hungarian physicist and mechanical engineer. Jendrassik completed his education at Budapest's József Technical University, then at the ...

in 1937, and was intended to power a Hungarian twin-engine

heavy fighter A heavy fighter is a historic category of fighter aircraft produced in the 1930s and 1940s, designed to carry heavier weapons, and/or operate at longer ranges than light fighter aircraft. To achieve performance, most heavy fighters were twin-eng ...

, the RMI-1.

Design and development

Following the running of an experimental

gas turbine A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of continuous flow internal combustion engine. The main parts common to all gas turbine engines form the power-producing part (known as the gas generator or core) and are, in the directio ...

engine of 100 bhp output, in 1937

began work on a turboprop engine, which would be produced and tested in the

Ganz The Ganz Works or Ganz ( or , ''Ganz companies'', formerly ''Ganz and Partner Iron Mill and Machine Factory'') was a group of companies operating between 1845 and 1949 in Budapest, Hungary. It was named after Ábrahám Ganz, the founder and t ...

works in

Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population o ...

. Of axial-flow design with 15-stage compressor and 7-stage turbine, it incorporated many modern features. These included a rigid compressor-turbine rotor assembly carried on front and rear bearings. There was a single annular combustion chamber, of reverse-flow configuration to shorten the engine, air cooling of the turbine discs and turbine blades with extended roots to reduce heat transfer to the disc. The annular air intake surrounded a reduction gear for propeller drive takeoff, and the exhaust duct was also annular.Green, W. and Swanborough, G.; "Plane Facts", ''Air Enthusiast'' Vol. 1 No. 1 (1971), Page 53. With predicted output of 1,000 bhp at 13,500 rpm the Cs-1 stirred interest in the Hungarian aircraft industry with its potential to power a modern generation of high-performance aircraft, and construction of a twin-engined fighter-bomber powered by Cs-1s, the Varga RMI-1 X/H, began. The first bench run took place in 1940, becoming the world's first turboprop engine to run. However,combustion problems were experienced which limited the output to around 400 bhp.Gunston World, p. 111 Work on the engine stopped in 1941 when the

Hungarian Air Force The Hungarian Air Force ( hu, Magyar Légierő), is the air force branch of the Military of Hungary, Hungarian Defence Forces. The task of the current Hungarian Air Force is primarily defensive purposes. The flying units of the air force are or ...

selected the

Messerschmitt Me 210 The Messerschmitt Me 210 was a German heavy fighter and ground-attack aircraft of World War II. Design started before the war, as a replacement for the Bf 110. The first examples were ready in 1939, but they proved to have unacceptably poor ...

for the heavy fighter role, and the engine factory converted over to the

Daimler-Benz DB 605 The Daimler-Benz DB 605 is a German aircraft engine built during World War II. Developed from the DB 601, the DB 605 was used from 1942 to 1945 in the Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighter, and the Bf 110 and Me 210C heavy fighters. The DB 610, a pa ...

to power it. The prototype RMI-1 was later fitted with these engines in 1944.

References

;Notes ;Bibliography * * {{Cite book, last= Gunston , first= Bill , title= World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines, 5th Edition , year= 2006 , publisher= Sutton Publishing Limited , location= Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire, England, UK , isbn= 0-7509-4479-X 1940s turboprop engines Hungarian inventions Axial-compressor gas turbine engines

Design and development

See also

References