Jedlina-Zdrój (german: Bad Charlottenbrunn) is a spa town in

Wałbrzych County __NOTOC__ Wałbrzych County ( pl, powiat wałbrzyski; german: Waldenburg) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It was created on January 1, 1999, as a result of ...

Lower Silesian Voivodeship Lower Silesian Voivodeship, or Lower Silesia Province, in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. The voivodeship was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Wrocław, Legnica, Wałbr ...

, in south-western

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...

. It is located within the historic region of

Lower Silesia Lower Silesia ( pl, Dolny Śląsk; cz, Dolní Slezsko; german: Niederschlesien; szl, Dolny Ślōnsk; hsb, Delnja Šleska; dsb, Dolna Šlazyńska; Silesian German: ''Niederschläsing''; la, Silesia Inferior) is the northwestern part of the ...

. The town lies approximately south-east of Wałbrzych, and south-west of the regional capital

Wrocław Wrocław (; german: Breslau, or . ; Silesian German: ''Brassel'') is a city in southwestern Poland and the largest city in the historical region of Silesia. It lies on the banks of the River Oder in the Silesian Lowlands of Central Europe, r ...

. As of 2019, the town has a population of 4,828.

History

The oldest mention of Jedlinka dates back to the 13th century, to the reign of Duke Bolko I the Strict of the Polish

Piast dynasty The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I (c. 930–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of king Casimir III the Great. Branche ...

.''Słownik geografii turystycznej Sudetów. T. 11: Góry Sowie, Wzgórza Włodzickie''. Wrocław, I-BiS, 1994, p. 159-163 (in Polish) It was a settlement of

lumberjack Lumberjacks are mostly North American workers in the logging industry who perform the initial harvesting and transport of trees for ultimate processing into forest products. The term usually refers to loggers in the era (before 1945 in the Unit ...

s, and its name refers to the

fir Firs (''Abies'') are a genus of 48–56 species of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae. They are found on mountains throughout much of North and Central America, Europe, Asia, and North Africa. The genus is most closely relat ...

forests growing here. In the 18th century a

mineral spa Mineral spas are spa resorts developed around naturally occurring mineral springs. Like seaside resorts, they are mainly used recreationally although they also figured prominently in prescientific medicine. Origins Spas were used for millen ...

was founded in the Jedlinka estate. It was named ''Charlottenbrunn'' by its founder in honour of his wife Charlotte von Seherr-Thossa. In 1737 a spa house and other buildings were built. Later on, the village became a centre of

textile Textile is an umbrella term that includes various fiber-based materials, including fibers, yarns, filaments, threads, different fabric types, etc. At first, the word "textiles" only referred to woven fabrics. However, weaving is not t ...

trade. Four fairs a year took place here. In 1742 the settlement was annexed by the

Kingdom of Prussia The Kingdom of Prussia (german: Königreich Preußen, ) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918. Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire'' ...

. In 1768 it was granted town rights. In the 19th century the

spa town A spa town is a resort town based on a mineral spa (a developed mineral spring). Patrons visit spas to "take the waters" for their purported health benefits. Thomas Guidott set up a medical practice in the English town of Bath in 1668. H ...

often changed its owners, which slowed its development. In the

interwar period In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period lasted from 11 November 1918 to 1 September 1939 (20 years, 9 months, 21 days), the end of the First World War to the beginning of the Second World War. The interwar period was relati ...

there were six hotels and about 30

pensions A pension (, from Latin ''pensiō'', "payment") is a fund into which a sum of money is added during an employee's employment years and from which payments are drawn to support the person's retirement from work in the form of periodic payments ...

in the town. During World War II, in 1944, the Germans established a

labor camp A labor camp (or labour camp, see spelling differences) or work camp is a detention facility where inmates are forced to engage in penal labor as a form of punishment. Labor camps have many common aspects with slavery and with prisons (especi ...

, which was a branch of the

Gross-Rosen concentration camp , known for = , location = , built by = , operated by = , commandant = , original use = , construction = , in operation = Summer of 1940 – 14 February 1945 , gas cham ...

, in the town. After

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...

's defeat in World War II the town became once again part of Poland and was renamed ''Jedlina-Zdrój''. The

suffix In linguistics, a suffix is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word. Common examples are case endings, which indicate the grammatical case of nouns, adjectives, and verb endings, which form the conjugation of verbs. Suffixes can carry ...

"Zdrój" is typical for names of spa towns in Poland.

Twin towns – sister cities

Jedlina-Zdrój is twinned with: * Saint-Étienne-de-Crossey, France * Strehla, Germany * Velichovky, Czech Republic

Gallery

2017 Pałac Jedlinka w Jedlinie-Zdroju 1.jpg, Jedlinka Palace Jedlina-Zdrój, Dom Zdrojowy (Charlottenbrunn03).jpg, Spa house 2017 Kościół Wniebowzięcia NMP w Jedlinie-Zdroju 4.jpg, Church of the Assumption

References

Cities and towns in Lower Silesian Voivodeship Wałbrzych County Cities in Silesia Spa towns in Poland {{Wałbrzych-geo-stub