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Jean-Charles, marquis de Saint-Nectaire (11 November 1685 – 23 January 1771, Didonne, Saintonge) was a French aristocrat,
diplomat A diplomat (from grc, δίπλωμα; romanization, romanized ''diploma'') is a person appointed by a state (polity), state or an intergovernmental institution such as the United Nations or the European Union to conduct diplomacy with one or m ...
and
Marshal of France Marshal of France (french: Maréchal de France, plural ') is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished (1 ...
. Descended from a noble family who were lords of Brinon, barons of Didonne-sur-Marche, Saint-Germain-sur-Vienne and Brillac as well as holding other lordships in the
Auvergne Auvergne (; ; oc, label=Occitan, Auvèrnhe or ) is a former administrative region in central France, comprising the four departments of Allier, Puy-de-Dôme, Cantal and Haute-Loire. Since 1 January 2016, it has been part of the new region Auver ...
, and
Count Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York ...
s of Saint-Victour in the
Peerage of France The Peerage of France (french: Pairie de France) was a hereditary distinction within the French nobility which appeared in 1180 in the Middle Ages. The prestigious title and position of Peer of France (french: Pair de France, links=no) was ...
, his father was François de Saint-Nectaire (died 1710), comte de Brinon (cr. 1608) (styled ''comte de Saint-Nectaire''), and his mother was Marie daughter of Charles de Béchillon, baron d'Irlaud.


Life

He joined the
French Army The French Army, officially known as the Land Army (french: Armée de Terre, ), is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces. It is responsible to the Government of France, along with the other components of the Armed Force ...
as a lieutenant, was promoted to captain and then colonel (1705) of the Senneterre Dragoons, before serving in Italy in 1703 and 1704, and then in Flanders and on the Rhine from 1705 to 1713. Appointed brigadier in 1719 and colonel of the Marche Infantry in 1731, he fought in the Italian campaigns of 1734 and 1735 under
Marshal Marshal is a term used in several official titles in various branches of society. As marshals became trusted members of the courts of Medieval Europe, the title grew in reputation. During the last few centuries, it has been used for elevated o ...
François de Franquetot de Coigny François de Franquetot de Coigny (16 March 1670 – 18 December 1759) was a Marshal of France, Count, and from 1747, the Duke of Coigny. He was born in the Coigny château near Coutances, Normandy as son of Robert-Jean de Coigny, and Marie-Fran ...
, being promoted
Maréchal de camp ''Maréchal de camp'' (sometimes incorrectly translated as field marshal) was a general officer rank used by the French Army until 1848. The rank originated from the older rank of sergeant major general ( French: ''sergent-major général''). Se ...
in 1734. In 1735, King Louis XV was sent as
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to the
King of Sardinia The following is a list of rulers of Sardinia, in particular, of the monarchs of the Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica from 1323 and then of the Kingdom of Sardinia from 1479 to 1861. Early history Owing to the absence of written sources, little ...
. As
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, in 1744 he commanded a division of the French Army during the attack on Villefranche during the
War of the Austrian Succession The War of the Austrian Succession () was a European conflict that took place between 1740 and 1748. Fought primarily in Central Europe, the Austrian Netherlands, Italy, the Atlantic and Mediterranean, related conflicts included King George's W ...
. In 1745 he led military operations in the siege of
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and the following year took part in Marshal de Maillebois's retreat when faced by superior Austrian and Sardinian forces. De Saint-Nectaire was summoned to join the French Forces in Flanders in 1747 and 1748, and on 24 February 1757 he was promoted
Marshal of France Marshal of France (french: Maréchal de France, plural ') is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished (1 ...
. He refurbished the Château de Didonne as a country residence, circa 1730, which is now the Musée du Matériel agricole. He also considerably extended the family estates by buying the
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of Pisany in 1738, the
baronies Barony may refer to: * Barony, the peerage, office of, or territory held by a baron * Barony, the title and land held in fealty by a feudal baron * Barony (county division), a type of administrative or geographical division in parts of the British ...
of
Arvert Arvert () is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department and Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Alvertons'' or ''Alvertonnes''. Geography Arvert is located some 14 km north-we ...
and
Saujon Saujon () is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department in southwestern France. Population See also *Communes of the Charente-Maritime department The following is a list of the 463 communes of the Charente-Maritime department of Franc ...
in 1758, the
castellany A castellan is the title used in Medieval Europe for an appointed official, a governor of a castle and its surrounding territory referred to as the castellany. The title of ''governor'' is retained in the English prison system, as a remnant o ...
of Le Chay in 1764, the
lordship A lordship is a territory held by a lord. It was a landed estate that served as the lowest administrative and judicial unit in rural areas. It originated as a unit under the feudal system during the Middle Ages. In a lordship, the functions of econ ...
of ''Chênaumoine'' and a
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of the lordship of La Touche. His son, Henri-Charles (1714–1785), was accorded the courtesy title of comte before succeeding, in 1756, as marquis de Saint-Nectaire. He made many improvements to the family's estates, which later devolved upon the marshal's granddaughter, Marie-Charlotte, marquise d'Armentières.


Marriage and issue

On 7 October 1711 he married Marie-Marthe, daughter of Henri, marquis de Saint-Pierre et de Saint-Julien, by his wife Marie-Madeleine Boisseret d'Herblay. Their only child, Henri-Charles, a Colonel in the Infantry, who succeeded as marquis de Saint-Nectaire, married in 1738 Marie-Louise, daughter of Philippe-Emmanuel de Crussol d'Uzès, marquis de Saint-Sulpice, by whom he had two children: *Marie-Charlotte (14 November 1750 – 26 July 1794, Paris), dame du fief de Songeons (1777–1778), married in 1770 Louis de Brienne de Conflan, marquis d'Armentières; *Charles-Emmanuel (1752 - 1783), Lieutenant-Colonel of the Régiment de Hainault.


See also

* Saint-Nectare family


References


Bibliography

*Charles Gavard, ''Galeries historiques du Palais de Versailles'', vol. 7, Imprimerie royale, 1842 *Le Chesnaye-Aubert, ''Dictionnaire généalogique, héraldique, chronologique et historique, contenant L'origine & létat actuel des premières Maisons de France, des Maisons souveraines & principales de l'Europe...'', Chez Duchesne, Libraire, 1757, 500 pp.


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Saint-Nectaire, Jean Charles de 1685 births 1771 deaths Marshals of France French marquesses People from Charente-Maritime