Japanese Pidgin English is any of several
English
English usually refers to:
* English language
* English people
English may also refer to:
Peoples, culture, and language
* ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England
** English national ide ...
-based
pidgin
A pidgin , or pidgin language, is a grammatically simplified means of communication that develops between two or more groups of people that do not have a language in common: typically, its vocabulary and grammar are limited and often drawn from s ...
s spoken or influenced by the Japanese.
*
Cape York Japanese Pidgin English, spoken in the pearling area at
Thursday Island
Thursday Island, colloquially known as TI, or in the Kawrareg dialect, Waiben or Waibene, is an island of the Torres Strait Islands, an archipelago of at least 274 small islands in the Torres Strait. TI is located approximately north of Cape ...
*
Hawaiian Pidgin English
Hawaiian Pidgin (alternately, Hawaiʻi Creole English or HCE, known locally as Pidgin) is an English-based creole language spoken in Hawaiʻi. An estimated 600,000 residents of Hawaii speak Hawaiian Pidgin natively and 400,000 speak it as a seco ...
, which began as a pidgin
jargon
Jargon is the specialized terminology associated with a particular field or area of activity. Jargon is normally employed in a particular Context (language use), communicative context and may not be well understood outside that context. The conte ...
spoken by immigrant plantation workers in Hawaii
*
Japanese Bamboo English
Bamboo English was a Japanese Pidgin-English jargon developed after World War II that was spoken between American military personnel and the Japanese on US military bases in occupied Japan. It has been thought to be a pidgin, though analysis of ...
, a pidgin jargon used in U.S. after WW2 between some Japanese and US occupation forces.
Classification
The term Japanese Pidgin English occurred during the American Occupation of Japan; it is classified as a dialect of both English and Japanese. Despite the general opinion that pidgin is the dialect of the dominant language, neither of the languages shows a clear pattern of dominance.
Background
The most commonly used Japanese Pidgin English (JPE), Bamboo-English and Yokohama Pidgin Japanese (YPJ) are extinct. One form of JPE that is still spoken nowadays is Hawaiian Japanese Pidgin English. YPJ was spoken in the second half of the 19th century in Yokohama, Kobe and Nagasaki. Bamboo English was spoken by U.S. army personnel and local Japanese after World War II and later transplanted to South Korea. JPE that exists in Hawaiian Pidgin was brought by immigrants who worked on plantations.
Geographic distribution
Two major subtypes of Japanese Pidgin English are extinct. Hawaiian Pidgin English is the legacy of JPE; the main speakers of JPE will be Hawaiian Pidgin English speakers, which are local Hawaii residences. In the U.S. Census Bureau Report, Hawaiian Pidgin has 335 speakers. Another branch of JPE spoken is located in the state of Western Australia: Beagle Bay, Broome, Derby, La Grange, Lombardinie, One Arm Point, which has 40 second language speakers.
See also
*
Engrish
''Engrish'' is a slang term for the inaccurate, nonsensical or ungrammatical use of the English language by native speakers of Japanese, as well as Chinese and other Asian languages. The word itself relates to Japanese speakers' tendency to s ...
*
Yokohama Pidgin Japanese
Yokohama Pidgin Japanese, Yokohamese or Japanese Ports Lingo was a Japanese-based pre-pidgin spoken in the Yokohama region during the late 19th century for communication between Japanese and foreigners, mainly English speaking westerners and Chin ...
, spoken in the Japanese port of
Yokohama
is the second-largest city in Japan by population and the most populous municipality of Japan. It is the capital city and the most populous city in Kanagawa Prefecture, with a 2020 population of 3.8 million. It lies on Tokyo Bay, south of To ...
in the 19th century
References
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English-based pidgins and creoles
Languages of Japan
{{Ja-lang-stub