Jacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force () (30 December 1558 – 10 May 1652) was a

Marshal of France Marshal of France (french: Maréchal de France, plural ') is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished ( ...

and

Peer of France The Peerage of France (french: Pairie de France) was a hereditary distinction within the French nobility which appeared in 1180 in the Middle Ages. The prestigious title and position of Peer of France (french: Pair de France, links=no) was ...

. He was the son of a

Huguenot The Huguenots ( , also , ) were a religious group of French Protestants who held to the Reformed, or Calvinist, tradition of Protestantism. The term, which may be derived from the name of a Swiss political leader, the Genevan burgomaster Be ...

, Francois de Caumont, lord of Castelnau, and Philippe de Beaupoil. He survived the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre in 1572, but his father and older brother Armand were killed.

Marriages and issue

* He married, on 5 February 1577, Charlotte de Gontaut, (1561–June 1635), daughter of marshal

Armand de Gontaut, baron de Biron Armand de Gontaut, baron de Biron (, 152426 July 1592) was a soldier, diplomat and Marshal of France. Beginning his service during the Italian Wars, Biron served in Italy under Marshal Brissac and Guise in 1557 before rising to command his own ca ...

, and by her had ten children: ** Armand-Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force (c.1580–1675), peer and marshal of France. His daughter ***Charlotte married

Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, vicomte de Turenne (11 September 161127 July 1675), commonly known as Turenne , was a French general and one of only six Marshals to have been promoted Marshal General of France. The most illustrious member of th ...

, but died in 1666 without children. ** Henri-Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force (1582–1678), his daughter *** Charlotte married in 1630 de Gabriel de Caumont, comte de Lauzun, and were parents of ****

Antoine Nompar de Caumont Antoine Nompar de Caumont, duc de Lauzun (, 163219 November 1723) was a French courtier and soldier. He was the only love interest of the "greatest heiress in Europe", Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier, cousin of Louis XIV. ...

, Duc de Lauzun ** Jacques, seigneur de Maduran, killed during the siege of

Jülich Jülich (; in old spellings also known as ''Guelich'' or ''Gülich'', nl, Gulik, french: Juliers, Ripuarian: ''Jöllesch'') is a town in the district of Düren, in the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. As a border region betw ...

in 1610 ** Charles, seigneur de Maduran. ** Pierre, baron d'Aymet. ** Jean, seigneur de Montpouillan. ** Jean-Jacob, marquis de Tonneins ** François de Caumont La Force, whose daughter was: ***

Charlotte-Rose de Caumont La Force Charlotte-Rose de Caumont de La Force or Mademoiselle de La Force (1654–1724) was a French novelist and poet. Her best-known work was her 1698 fairy tale ''Persinette'' which was adapted by the Brothers Grimm in 1812 as the story ''Rapunzel''. ...

or Mademoiselle de La Force (1654–1724) ** Jacqueline ** Isabelle * He married, after 1635, Anne de Mornay, widow of Jacques Moues and daughter of Philippe de Mornay * He married, after 1635, Isabelle de Clermont-Gallerande, widow of Gideon van den Boetzelaer (1569–1634), Ambassador of the States of Holland in France.

Career

As marquis de La Force, he served

Henri IV Henry IV (french: Henri IV; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithets Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. He was the first monarc ...

, whose confidence he enjoyed. He was governor of

Béarn The Béarn (; ; oc, Bearn or ''Biarn''; eu, Bearno or ''Biarno''; or ''Bearnia'') is one of the traditional provinces of France, located in the Pyrenees mountains and in the plain at their feet, in southwest France. Along with the three B ...

from 1593 to 1621 and then viceroy of

Navarre Navarre (; es, Navarra ; eu, Nafarroa ), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre ( es, Comunidad Foral de Navarra, links=no ; eu, Nafarroako Foru Komunitatea, links=no ), is a foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, ...

. After the assassination of Henry IV in 1610, he fought with the

Huguenots The Huguenots ( , also , ) were a religious group of French Protestants who held to the Reformed, or Calvinist, tradition of Protestantism. The term, which may be derived from the name of a Swiss political leader, the Genevan burgomaster B ...

against

Louis XIII Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crow ...

. He plotted with

Henri de Rohan Henri (II) de Rohan (21 August 157913 April 1638), Duke of Rohan and Prince of Léon, was a Breton-French soldier, writer and leader of the Huguenots. Early life Rohan was born at the Château de Blain (now a part of Blain, Loire-Atlantique ...

and participated in the successful defence of

Montauban Montauban (, ; oc, Montalban ) is a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department, region of Occitania, Southern France. It is the capital of the department and lies north of Toulouse. Montauban is the most populated town in Tarn-et-Garonne, ...

in 1621, after an 86-day siege by the king, although he was reconciled with Louis XIII the following year. La Force was made a

marshal of France Marshal of France (french: Maréchal de France, plural ') is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished ( ...

on 27 May 1622, to be employed as the Lieutenant-General of the Army of Piedmont. He campaigned in

Piedmont it, Piemontese , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demographics1_title2 ...

in 1630, taking

Pinerolo Pinerolo (; pms, Pinareul ; french: Pignerol; oc, Pineròl) is a town and ''comune'' in the Metropolitan City of Turin, Piedmont, northwestern Italy, southwest of Turin on the river Chisone. The Lemina torrent has its source at the boundary b ...

as well as

Saluzzo Saluzzo (; pms, Salusse ) is a town and former principality in the province of Cuneo, in the Piedmont region, Italy. The city of Saluzzo is built on a hill overlooking a vast, well-cultivated plain. Iron, lead, silver, marble, slate etc. are fo ...

and defeated the Spaniards at

Carignano Carignano may refer to: Places * Carignano, Piedmont, a municipality in the Metropolitan City of Turin, Italy * Palazzo Carignano, a historical building in the centre of Turin, Italy * Teatro Carignano, a theatre in Turin, Italy People * Hou ...

. In 1631, he served in the

Languedoc The Province of Languedoc (; , ; oc, Lengadòc ) is a former province of France. Most of its territory is now contained in the modern-day region of Occitanie in Southern France. Its capital city was Toulouse. It had an area of approximately ...

and between 1631 and 1634 he invaded

Lorraine Lorraine , also , , ; Lorrain: ''Louréne''; Lorraine Franconian: ''Lottringe''; german: Lothringen ; lb, Loutrengen; nl, Lotharingen is a cultural and historical region in Northeastern France, now located in the administrative region of Gra ...

, and took La Mothe after a siege of 141 days in which Turenne first distinguished himself and La Force's grandson Jacques was killed. In Germany, in 1634, he also raised the siege of Philippsburg in

Baden Baden (; ) is a historical territory in South Germany, in earlier times on both sides of the Upper Rhine but since the Napoleonic Wars only East of the Rhine. History The margraves of Baden originated from the House of Zähringen. Baden i ...

and captured the general Colloredo. In the following year, he relieved

Heidelberg Heidelberg (; Palatine German: ') is a city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany. As of the 2016 census, its population was 159,914, of which roughly a quarter consisted of students ...

and took

Speyer Speyer (, older spelling ''Speier'', French: ''Spire,'' historical English: ''Spires''; pfl, Schbaija) is a city in Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany with approximately 50,000 inhabitants. Located on the left bank of the river Rhine, Speyer lie ...

. He was created Duc de La Force and a peer on 3 August 1637. In 1638 he besieged

Saint-Omer Saint-Omer (; vls, Sint-Omaars) is a commune and sub-prefecture of the Pas-de-Calais department in France. It is west-northwest of Lille on the railway to Calais, and is located in the Artois province. The town is named after Saint Audoma ...

Flanders Flanders (, ; Dutch: ''Vlaanderen'' ) is the Flemish-speaking northern portion of Belgium and one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium. However, there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to cultu ...

, but was defeated by Louis Thomas of Savoy-Carignan. It was his last battle. La Force died in Bergerac on 10 May 1652 and was buried in Milandes. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Armand-Nompar. His memoirs were published in 1843.

Footnotes

Sources

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

External links

Jacques Nompar de Caumont
Family tree
Seigneurs de Caumont-La Force
Lineage of the lords of Caumont and Dukes of La Force

Caumont history

Château de Castelnaud
{{DEFAULTSORT:Caumont, Jacques-Nompar de, duc de La Force 1558 births 1652 deaths Dukes of La Force Peers created by Louis XIII Marquesses of La Force Marshals of France Military personnel of the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)

Marriages and issue

Career

See also

Footnotes

Sources

External links