Jacareí () is a city in the state of

São Paulo São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for 'Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaWC a ...

, Brazil. The population is 235,416 (2020 est.) in an area of 464.27 km². The city is known as "Capital of Beer" by the daily output of its factories, considered the biggest in

Latin America Latin America or * french: Amérique Latine, link=no * ht, Amerik Latin, link=no * pt, América Latina, link=no, name=a, sometimes referred to as LatAm is a large cultural region in the Americas where Romance languages — languages derived f ...

. The economic activity is mainly based on industrial production. The industries produce mainly paper, chemicals, glass, wire, and rubber.

Location

Jacareí is part of the

Metropolitan Region of Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte Metropolitan may refer to: * Metropolitan area, a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories * Metropolitan borough, a form of local government district in England * Metropolitan county, a typ ...

. The city is located in the Paraíba do Sul's valley (the

Paraíba do Sul The Paraíba do Sul (), or simply termed Paraíba, is a river in southeast Brazil. It flows west to northeast from its farthest source at the source of the river Paraitinga to the sea near Campos dos Goytacazes. The river receives its name when ...

is the most important river in the east of the state). This region is highly industrialized, located between the cities of

and

Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third-most populous state, and the second-most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a b ...

. The municipality contains part of the

Mananciais do Rio Paraíba do Sul Environmental Protection Area The Mananciais do Rio Paraíba do Sul Environmental Protection Area ( pt, Área de Proteção Ambiental Mananciais da Bacia Hidrográfica do rio Paraíba do Sul) is an environmental protection area in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Location Th ...

, created in 1982 to protect the sources of the

river. Neighbor Cities:

São José dos Campos São José dos Campos (, meaning Saint Joseph of the Fields) is a major city and the seat of the Municipalities of Brazil, municipality of the same name in the state of São Paulo (state), São Paulo, Brazil. One of the leading industrial and res ...

Santa Branca Santa Branca is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte. The population is 14,857 (2020 est.) in an area of 272.24 km2. The elevation is 648 m. The Rodovia ...

Guararema Guararema is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. The population is 30,136 (2020 est.) in an area of 270.82 km². The Florestan Fernandes School of the Landless Workers' Mo ...

, Jambeiro, Igaratá and Santa Isabel.

History

Jacareí was formed on land that belonged to Mogi das Cruzes. It was founded by Antonio Afonso and his sons in 1652. They built a chapel in honor of Our Lady of Conception. With the help of peaceful Indians, the village prospered. In 1953, was elevated as a town and in 1849, as a city. Paraibuna (on December 7, 1812), Santa Branca (on February 20, 1841) and São José dos Campos (unknown date) were incorporated into the municipality of Jacareí. They were later dismembered: Sao José do Campos in 1767, Paraibuna in 1832 and Santa Branca in 1856. With the coffee cycle, the city begins to have paving, new roads and leisure activities, with a small population growth. It was one of the most important cities of the coffee cycle. At this time (late nineteenth century), industries were beginning to emerge, starting with the socks and the factory "Biscoutos Jacareí" (Jacareí's cookies), taking a leap of development in the twentieth century.

Meaning of Name

The origin of the name Jacareí is not known but there are two hypotheses. Contains in the archives of the municipality that, in the past, the lakes and the Paraiba do Sul river relied on large numbers of alligators. In a fraternization, held on the river bank near the pond, a component of the group who was having fun next to the river, watching the large number of alligators made an observation: "Jacaré, iih" (''alligator, iih''). It was the simple interjection that, connected to the alligator, resulted in Jacareí. The second hypothesis is that the word came from a native Brazilian language (

Tupi language Old Tupi, Ancient Tupi or Classical Tupi (also spelled as Tupí) is an extinct Tupian language which was spoken by the aboriginal Tupi people of Brazil, mostly those who inhabited coastal regions in South and Southeast Brazil. It belongs to the ...

) "Icare-ig" that means "river of alligators".

Demography

Census of 2009 Total Population: 212,824 Urban: 183,377 Rural: 7,914 Men: 94 634 Women: 96,657 Population density (inhabitants / Km ²): 415.85 Infant mortality up to 1 year (per thousand): 16.67 Life expectancy (years): 70.80 Fertility rate (children per woman): 2.19 Literacy rate: 93.97% Human Development Index (HDI): 0.809 Income HDI: 0.752 Longevity HDI: 0.763 Education HDI: 0.913 Authorship: IPEADATA

Sister Cities

Cluj-Napoca ; hu, kincses város) , official_name=Cluj-Napoca , native_name= , image_skyline= , subdivision_type1 = Counties of Romania, County , subdivision_name1 = Cluj County , subdivision_type2 = Subdivisions of Romania, Status , subdivision_name2 ...

, Romania * Kawagoe, Japan

References

External links

Jacareí City Administration
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jacarei