The JL-2 (, NATO reporting name CSS-N-14) is a

Chinese Chinese can refer to: * Something related to China * Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity **''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation ** List of ethnic groups in China, people of ...

second-generation intercontinental-range

submarine-launched ballistic missile A submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) is a ballistic missile capable of being launched from submarines. Modern variants usually deliver multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs), each of which carries a nuclear warhead ...

(SLBM) deployed on the People's Liberation Army Navy's (PLAN)

Type 094 submarine The Type 094 (; Chinese designation: 09- IV; NATO reporting name: Jin class) is a class of ballistic missile submarine developed by China for the People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force. The Type 094 succeeds the Type 092 submarine and p ...

s. It succeeds the JL-1 SLBM deployed on the

Type 092 submarine The Type 092 (Chinese designation: 09- II; NATO reporting name: Xia class) submarine was the first nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) deployed by the People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force. Background The first and only ...

United States Department of Defense The United States Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD or DOD) is an executive branch department of the federal government charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government directly related to national secu ...

(2018: 29) The JL-2 provides China with its first viable sea-based nuclear deterrent.

Development

The JL-2 is a naval variant of the land-based

DF-31 The Dong Feng 31 (; NATO reporting name CSS-10) is a third-generation long-range, road-mobile, three stage, solid-fuel rocket intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) in the Dongfeng missile series developed by the People's Republic of Chi ...

. Their common 2-metre diameter solid fuel rocket motor was successfully tested in late 1983, and research and development efforts were reorganized starting in 1985 to produce both missiles. The first JL-2 at-sea launch occurred in 2001 from a Type 031 submarine. The program was delayed after a failed test in 2004. Successful launches occurred in 2005 and 2008. The missile was successfully fired from a

, the intended operational platform, for the first time in 2009. A series of test launches occurred in 2012. Another test launch occurred in January 2015. During the development of the missile, it was reported that China was considering modifying the missile to accommodate an anti-satellite warhead to give it a sea-based anti-satellite capability. Type 094 deterrence patrols with JL-2 missiles began in December 2015. , 48 JL-2 launchers are deployed on submarines.

Description

The JL-2 is a three-stage, solid-fuelled missile, with a maximum range of . Its payload is a single 1

Megaton Megaton may refer to: * A million tons * Megaton TNT equivalent, explosive energy equal to 4.184 petajoules * megatonne, a million tonnes, SI unit of mass Other uses * Olivier Megaton (born 1965), French film director, writer and editor * ''Me ...

warhead or 3-8 MIRVs with yields of 20, 90, or 150kt.

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