Jílové (until 1945 Jílové u Podmokel; german: Eulau) is a town in

Děčín District Děčín District ( cs, okres Děčín) is one of seven districts ('' okres'') located within the Ústí nad Labem Region in the Czech Republic. Its capital is the city of Děčín. Complete list of municipalities Arnoltice - Benešov nad Plou� ...

in the

Ústí nad Labem Region Ústí nad Labem Region or Ústecký Region ( cs, Ústecký kraj, , ), is an administrative unit ( cs, kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western part of the historical land of Bohemia, and named after the capital, Ústí nad La ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...

. It has about 5,100 inhabitants.

Administrative parts

Villages of Kamenec, Kamenná, Martiněves, Modrá and Sněžník are administrative parts of Jílové.

Geography

Jílové lies about west of Děčín. It is situated within the

Bohemian Switzerland Bohemian Switzerland ( cs, České Švýcarsko; german: Böhmische Schweiz), also known as Czech Switzerland, is a picturesque region in the north-western Czech Republic. It has been a protected area (as Elbe Sandstone Mountains Protected Landscap ...

range of the

Elbe Sandstone Mountains The Elbe Sandstone Mountains, also called the Elbe Sandstone Highlands (german: Elbsandsteingebirge; cs, Děčinská vrchovina), are a mountain range straddling the border between the state of Saxony in southeastern Germany and the North Bohemia ...

in the valley of the , a left tributary of the

Elbe The Elbe (; cs, Labe ; nds, Ilv or ''Elv''; Upper and dsb, Łobjo) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe. It rises in the Giant Mountains of the northern Czech Republic before traversing much of Bohemia (western half of the Czech Re ...

River. The town is located at the foot of the Děčínský Sněžník mountain, which is the highest peak of the municipal territory with above sea level.

History

Jílové was probably founded as a settlement on an ancient trade route from Bohemia to

Lusatia Lusatia (german: Lausitz, pl, Łużyce, hsb, Łužica, dsb, Łužyca, cs, Lužice, la, Lusatia, rarely also referred to as Sorbia) is a historical region in Central Europe, split between Germany and Poland. Lusatia stretches from the Bóbr ...

. The nearby Lotarův vrch mountain may already had been the site of the 1126

Battle of Chlumec :''See Battle at Chlumec (1040) for a possible earlier battle, and Battle of Kulm for the Napoleonic battle.'' The Battle of Chlumec was the culmination of a 12th-century war of succession in the Duchy of Bohemia. It occurred on 18 Februa ...

between Duke Soběslav I of Bohemia and King

Lothair III of Germany Lothair III, sometimes numbered Lothair II and also known as Lothair of Supplinburg (1075 – 4 December 1137), was Holy Roman Emperor from 1133 until his death. He was appointed Duke of Saxony in 1106 and elected King of Germany in 1125 before ...

, whose exact location is unknown. The first written mention of Jílové (under the name ''Eulow'') is from 1384 in a deed issued by Emperor Charles IV. A local water castle, erected in the 14th century, was documented in 1554, when it was held by the Lords of Lípa. After the 1620

Battle of White Mountain The Battle of White Mountain ( cz, Bitva na Bílé hoře; german: Schlacht am Weißen Berg) was an important battle in the early stages of the Thirty Years' War. It led to the defeat of the Bohemian Revolt and ensured Habsburg control for the n ...

, the estates were seized by Emperor Ferdinand II and in 1629 granted to the Counts of

Thun und Hohenstein The House of Thun und Hohenstein, also known as Thun-Hohenstein, belonged to the historical Austrian and Bohemian nobility. There is one princely and several comital branches of the family. The princely branch of the family lived at Děčín (Te ...

residing at Děčín. The Thun-Hohenstein dynasty had the castle rebuilt with extended gardens. Large parts of the settlement were devastated during the 1813

Battle of Kulm :''See Battle of Chlumec for the 1126 battle at Kulm The Battle of Kulm was fought near the town Kulm () and the village Přestanov in northern Bohemia. It was fought on 29–30 August 1813, during the War of the Sixth Coalition. A French ...

. After

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

, the

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

population was expelled and the Thun-Hohenstein properties were confiscated by the

Czechoslovak Republic Czechoslovak Republic (Czech and Slovak: ''Československá republika, ČSR''), was the official name of Czechoslovakia between 1918 and 1939 and between 1945 and 1960. See: *First Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1938) *Second Czechoslovak Republic ...

. Jílové was promoted to a town in 1964.

Demographics

Sights

The main landmark is the Jílové Castle. It was rebuilt in the second half of the 17th century on a Renaissance chateau, and the romantic-style park with a Neoclassical pavilion was established two centuries later. Nowadays the castle serves cultural and social purposes and houses a library. The Baroque Church of the Holy Trinity was built in 1682 and rebuilt in 1859 after it was damaged by a fire. Děčínský Sněžník is known for its observation tower. It is a high stone tower built in 1864, one of the oldest observation towers in Bohemia. The chapel on Děčínský Sněžník was built in 1909.

Notable people

* Anna Perthen (1866–1957), politician * Ernst Paul (1897–1978), German politician

Twin towns – sister cities

Jílové is twinned with: *

Rosenthal-Bielatal Rosenthal-Bielatal is a municipality in the Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge district, in Saxony, Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country ...

, Germany

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Jilove Cities and towns in the Czech Republic Populated places in Děčín District