Jászság ("Jaszygia", la, Jazigia) is a historical, ethnographical and geographical region in

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croa ...

. Its territory is situated in the north-western part of the Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The main town in the region is Jászberény. Jászság is inhabited by the Jassic people, an Iranian ethnic group whose linguistic base is preserved by the

Ossetians The Ossetians or Ossetes (, ; os, ир, ирæттæ / дигорӕ, дигорӕнттӕ, translit= ir, irættæ / digoræ, digorænttæ, label= Ossetic) are an Iranian ethnic group who are indigenous to Ossetia, a region situated across th ...

. The population of the region is around 85,000.

Name

Jászság means "Province of the Jász" (i.e. Province of the Jassic people).

History

In ancient times, this area was settled by

Celts The Celts (, see pronunciation for different usages) or Celtic peoples () are. "CELTS location: Greater Europe time period: Second millennium B.C.E. to present ancestry: Celtic a collection of Indo-European peoples. "The Celts, an ancien ...

Dacians The Dacians (; la, Daci ; grc-gre, Δάκοι, Δάοι, Δάκαι) were the ancient Indo-European inhabitants of the cultural region of Dacia, located in the area near the Carpathian Mountains and west of the Black Sea. They are often cons ...

Sarmatians The Sarmatians (; grc, Σαρμαται, Sarmatai; Latin: ) were a large confederation of ancient Eastern Iranian equestrian nomadic peoples of classical antiquity who dominated the Pontic steppe from about the 3rd century BC to the 4th ...

, and

Germanic peoples The Germanic peoples were historical groups of people that once occupied Central Europe and Scandinavia during antiquity and into the early Middle Ages. Since the 19th century, they have traditionally been defined by the use of ancient and ear ...

. It was part of the Dacian Kingdom of

Burebista Burebista ( grc, Βυρεβίστας, Βοιρεβίστας) was the king of the Getae and Dacian tribes from 82/61BC to 45/44BC. He was the first king who successfully unified the tribes of the Dacian kingdom, which comprised the area loc ...

in the first century BC. In the 1st century AD, a Sarmatian tribe known as the Iazyges settled in this region. In the early Middle Ages, the territory of present-day Jászság was mainly populated by Slavic people and was part of the Hun Empire, the Kingdom of the Gepids and the Kingdom of the Avars. At the end of the 9th century, the area was settled by the

Hungarians Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Ural ...

and was subsequently included into the medieval

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephe ...

. In the 11th century, the territory of present-day Jászság was part of the Újvár County, while in the 12th century, it was divided between Hevesújvár and Pest counties. Jászkunság ca

The

Mongol The Mongols ( mn, Монголчууд, , , ; ; russian: Монголы) are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, Inner Mongolia in China and the Buryatia Republic of the Russian Federation. The Mongols are the principal member ...

invasions of the 13th century and

Tamerlane Timur ; chg, ''Aqsaq Temür'', 'Timur the Lame') or as ''Sahib-i-Qiran'' ( 'Lord of the Auspicious Conjunction'), his epithet. ( chg, ''Temür'', 'Iron'; 9 April 133617–19 February 1405), later Timūr Gurkānī ( chg, ''Temür Kür ...

's wars in the 14th century proved fatal to the Alan state and a group of

Alans The Alans (Latin: ''Alani'') were an ancient and medieval Iranian nomadic pastoral people of the North Caucasus – generally regarded as part of the Sarmatians, and possibly related to the Massagetae. Modern historians have connected the ...

migrated with the Qipchaqs (Comani,

Cumans The Cumans (or Kumans), also known as Polovtsians or Polovtsy (plural only, from the Russian exonym ), were a Turkic nomadic people comprising the western branch of the Cuman–Kipchak confederation. After the Mongol invasion (1237), many so ...

) into

Central Europe Central Europe is an area of Europe between Western Europe and Eastern Europe, based on a common historical, social and cultural identity. The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) between Catholicism and Protestantism significantly shaped the ...

, settling in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary in the 13th century. The territory where they settled is to this day called Jászság - "the province of the Ossetians".Encyclopedia Iranica, "Alans" V. I. Abaev
/ref> They preserved their Iranian language and ethnic identity until the 15th century, but gradually adopted the

Hungarian language Hungarian () is an Uralic language spoken in Hungary and parts of several neighbouring countries. It is the official language of Hungary and one of the 24 official languages of the European Union. Outside Hungary, it is also spoken by Hunga ...

and became assimilated into

. However, they preserved their Jassic identity and their regional autonomy. Until the Ottoman conquest in the 16th century, Jászság was an autonomous territory of the Kingdom of Hungary. Following the

Battle of Mohács The Battle of Mohács (; hu, mohácsi csata, tr, Mohaç Muharebesi or Mohaç Savaşı) was fought on 29 August 1526 near Mohács, Kingdom of Hungary, between the forces of the Kingdom of Hungary and its allies, led by Louis II, and thos ...

(1526) the region was included in the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom and later was annexed by the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

. During Ottoman administration in the 16th-17th centuries, the territory of present-day Jászság was initially part of the Budin Eyalet and later part of the Eğri Eyalet. At the end of the 17th century, the Ottoman Empire ceded the area to the Habsburg monarchy and an autonomous region of Jászság was restored within the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary. The region preserved its regional autonomy until 1876, when it was included into

Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok ( hu, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok megye, ) is the name of an administrative county (comitatus or ''megye'') in Hungary. It lies in central Hungary and shares borders with the Hungarian counties Pest, Heves, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplé ...

. After the dissolution of the Habsburg monarchy in 1918, the region of Jászság became part of an independent

Settlements

There are 18 settlements in Jászság: * Jászberény (cultural and economic center) *

Jászapáti Jászapáti is a town in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary. Geography It covers an area of and had a population of 8585 people in 2014. Politics The current mayor of Jászapáti is Ferenc Fa ...

* Jászárokszállás * Jászfényszaru * Jászladány * Jászkisér *

Jászalsószentgyörgy Jászalsószentgyörgy is a village in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary. Geography It covers an area of and has a population Population typically refers to the number of people in a sing ...

* Jászfelsőszentgyörgy * Jászboldogháza *

Jászdózsa Jászdózsa is a village on the banks of the Tarna river in the Jász region of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county in central Hungary approximately east of Budapest. The village is on the Vámosgyörk–Újszász–Szolnok railway line. Hi ...

* Jászjákóhalma * Jásztelek * Jászszentandrás * Jászágó *

Jászivány Jászivány is a village in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary. Geography It covers an area of and has a population Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, wh ...

* Alattyán * Jánoshida *

Pusztamonostor Pusztamonostor is a village in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary. Near Pusztamonostor, there is the Jászberény Shortwave Transmitter, the largest shortwave broadcasting station in Hungary. Geogra ...

Name

History

Settlements

Sources

External links