Justus Heinrich Wigand (13 September 1769 – 10 February 1817) was a

Baltic German Baltic Germans (german: Deutsch-Balten or , later ) were ethnic German inhabitants of the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, in what today are Estonia and Latvia. Since their coerced resettlement in 1939, Baltic Germans have markedly declined ...

obstetrician Obstetrics is the field of study concentrated on pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. As a medical specialty, obstetrics is combined with gynecology under the discipline known as obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN), which is a surgi ...

born in Reval (Tallinn). Wigand studied

medicine Medicine is the science and practice of caring for a patient, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care pract ...

at the Universities of

Jena Jena () is a German city and the second largest city in Thuringia. Together with the nearby cities of Erfurt and Weimar, it forms the central metropolitan area of Thuringia with approximately 500,000 inhabitants, while the city itself has a popu ...

and

Erlangen Erlangen (; East Franconian German, East Franconian: ''Erlang'', Bavarian language, Bavarian: ''Erlanga'') is a Middle Franconian city in Bavaria, Germany. It is the seat of the administrative district Erlangen-Höchstadt (former administrative d ...

, earning his doctorate at the latter. From 1793 to 1814 he was a physician in

Hamburg (male), (female) en, Hamburger(s), Hamburgian(s) , timezone1 = Central (CET) , utc_offset1 = +1 , timezone1_DST = Central (CEST) , utc_offset1_DST = +2 , postal ...

, and afterwards lived in

Heidelberg Heidelberg (; Palatine German language, Palatine German: ''Heidlberg'') is a city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany. As of the 2016 census, its population was 159,914 ...

Schwetzingen Schwetzingen (; pfl, Schwetzinge) is a German town in northwest Baden-Württemberg, around southwest of Heidelberg and southeast of Mannheim. Schwetzingen is one of the five biggest cities of the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis district and a medium-sized ...

and

Mannheim Mannheim (; Palatine German: or ), officially the University City of Mannheim (german: Universitätsstadt Mannheim), is the second-largest city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg after the state capital of Stuttgart, and Germany's 2 ...

. He is remembered for introducing an assisted

breech delivery A breech birth is when a baby is born bottom first instead of head first, as is normal. Around 3–5% of pregnant women at term (37–40 weeks pregnant) have a breech baby. Due to their higher than average rate of possible complications for the ...

procedure known as the "Wigand maneuver".
Mondofacto Dictionary, definition of eponym His best written effort, "''Die Geburt des Menschen''" was published posthumously in 1820.

Selected publications

* ''Von den Ursachen und der Behandlung der Nachgeburtszögerungen'', 1803. * ''Drey den medicinischen Facultäten zu Paris und Berlin zur Prüfung übergebene geburtshülfliche Abhandlungen'', 1812. * ''Die Geburt des Menschen in physiologisch- diätetischer und pathologisch- therapeutischer Beziehung, grösstentheils nach eigenen Beobachtungen und Versuchen dargestellt'', 1820.

References

translated biography @

Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie ''Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie'' (ADB, german: Universal German Biography) is one of the most important and comprehensive biographical reference works in the German language. It was published by the Historical Commission of the Bavarian Aca ...

*Ottow (Benno).- Der Embryologe Sebastian Graf von Tredern und der Geburtshelfer Justus Heinrich Wigand in ihren Beziehungen zu Reval, Eesti Arst, Jg 1923, Nr 9, S. 253-256 1769 births 1817 deaths People from Tallinn People from the Governorate of Estonia Baltic-German people German obstetricians {{Germany-med-bio-stub