Jungermanniales is the largest

order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of d ...

liverworts The Marchantiophyta () are a division of non-vascular land plants commonly referred to as hepatics or liverworts. Like mosses and hornworts, they have a gametophyte-dominant life cycle, in which cells of the plant carry only a single set of ge ...

. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin

leaf A leaf ( : leaves) is any of the principal appendages of a vascular plant stem, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, ste ...

-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other liverworts are

thalloid Thallus (plural: thalli), from Latinized Ancient Greek, Greek (), meaning "a green shoot" or "twig", is the vegetative tissue of some organisms in diverse groups such as algae, fungi, some Marchantiophyta, liverworts, lichens, and the Myxogastr ...

, with no leaves. Due to their

dorsiventral A dorsiventral (Lat. ''dorsum'', "the back", ''venter'', "the belly") Organ (anatomy), organ is one that has two surfaces differing from each other in appearance and structure, as an ordinary leaf. This term has also been used as a synonym for dorso ...

organization and scale-like, overlapping leaves, the Jungermanniales are sometimes called "scale-mosses".

Families of Jungermanniales

An updated classification by Söderström et al. 2016 * Cephaloziineae Schljakov amesoniellineae**

Adelanthaceae Adelanthaceae is a family of liverworts belonging to the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other l ...

Grolle 1972 amesoniellaceae He-Nygrén et al. 2006** Anastrophyllaceae Söderström et al. 2010b **

Cephaloziaceae Cephaloziaceae is a family of liverworts. Liverworts of this family are dioecious plants which have creeping or upright forms. They are green, brown, reddish, or purplish in color. The leaves are alternately arranged and succubous. Oil bodies a ...

Migula 1904 **

Cephaloziellaceae Cephaloziellaceae is a family of liverworts belonging to the order Jungermanniales. Genera Genera: *'' Allisoniella'' E.A.Hodgs. *'' Amphicephalozia'' R.M.Schust. *'' Anastrophyllopsis'' (R.M.Schust.) Vána & L.Söderstr. *'' Cephalojonesia'' Gr ...

Douin 1920 hycolepidoziaceae Schuster 1967**

Lophoziaceae Lophoziaceae is a family of liverworts belonging to the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other l ...

Cavers 1910 **

Scapaniaceae Scapaniaceae is a family of liverworts in order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other liverworts ar ...

Migula 1904 iplophyllaceae Potemk. 1999; Chaetophyllopsaceae Schuster 1960* Jungermanniineae Schuster ex Stotler & Crandall-Stotler 2000 eocalycineae Schuster 1972**

Acrobolbaceae Acrobolbaceae is liverwort family in the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other liverworts are ...

Hodgson 1962 **

Antheliaceae Antheliaceae is a liverwort family in the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other liverworts are ...

Schuster 1963 **

Arnelliaceae Arnelliaceae is a family of liverworts belonging to the order Jungermanniales. It contains a single genus, ''Arnellia''. The genus name of ''Arnellia'' is in honour of Hampus Wilhelm Arnell (2 August 1848 in Härnösand – 1932 in Uppsala Upp ...

Nakai 1943 **

Balantiopsidaceae Balantiopsidaceae is a family of liverworts belonging to the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most ot ...

Buch 1955 **

Blepharidophyllaceae Blepharidophyllaceae is a family of liverworts belonging to the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most ...

Schuster 2002 **

Calypogeiaceae Calypogeiaceae is a family of liverworts. This type of plant is a calcifuge. Genera: * ''Calypogeia'' Raddi (101) * '' Cincinnulus'' (1) * '' Eocalypogeia'' (R.M.Schust.) R.M.Schust. (4) * '' Kantius'' (4) * '' Metacalypogeia'' (S.Hatt.) Inou ...

Arnell 1928 izutaniaceae Furuki & Iwatsuki 1989** Endogemmataceae Konstantinova, Vilnet & Troitsky 2011 **

Geocalycaceae ''Geocalyx'' is a genus of liverworts, the only genus in the family Geocalycaceae of the order Jungermanniales. The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution In biogeography, cosmopolitan distribution is the term for the range of a taxon t ...

von Klinggräff 1858 **

Gymnomitriaceae ''Gymnomitriaceae'' is a liverwort family in the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other liverwor ...

von Klinggräff 1858 **

Gyrothyraceae Gyrothyraceae is a family of liverworts belonging to the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other ...

Schuster 1970 ** Harpanthaceae Arnell 1928 ** Hygrobiellaceae Konstantinova & Vilnet 2014 **

Jackiellaceae Jackiellaceae is a family of liverworts belonging to the order Jungermanniales. The family consists of only one genus: ''Jackiella''. The genus name of ''Jackiella'' is in honour of Joseph (Josef) Bernard Jack (1818-1901), who was a German apothec ...

Schuster 1972 **

Jungermanniaceae ''Jungermanniaceae'' is the namesake family of leafy liverworts. It is a group of small plants that are widely distributed. Several genera formerly included within the family are now classified in the Myliaceae or Solenostomataceae. Most of ...

Reichenbach 1828 esoptychiaceae Inoue & Steere 1975; Delavayellaceae Schuster 1961** Notoscyphaceae Crandall-Stotler, Vana & Stotler ** Saccogynaceae Heeg **

Solenostomataceae Solenostomataceae is a family of liverworts in the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other liv ...

Stotler & Crandall-Stotler 2009 ** Southbyaceae Váňa et al. 2012 ** Stephaniellaceae Schuster 2002 ** Trichotemnomataceae Schuster 1972 * Lophocoleineae Schljakov 1972 seudolepicoleineae; Trichocoleineae** Blepharostomataceae Frey & Stech 2008 ** Brevianthaceae Engel & Schuster 1981 ** Chonecoleaceae Schuster ex Grolle 1972 ** Grolleaceae Solari ex Schuster 1984 ** Herbertaceae Müller ex Fulford & Hatcher 1958 ** Lepicoleaceae Schuster 1963 etaformataceae Fulford & Taylor 1963**

Lepidoziaceae Lepidoziaceae is a family of leafy liverworts. It is a group of small plants that are widely distributed. Most of the species of this family are found in tropical regions. The main characteristics of the family: 1. Oil bodies are small and un ...

Limpricht 1877 eogrollaceae**

Lophocoleaceae Lophocoleaceae is a family of liverworts belonging to the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other ...

Vanden Berghen 1956 ** Mastigophoraceae Schuster 1972 **

Plagiochilaceae Plagiochilaceae is a family of liverworts in the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other liverwo ...

Müller & Herzog 1956 ** Pseudolepicoleaceae Fulford & Taylor 1960 **

Trichocoleaceae Trichocoleaceae is a family of liverworts in the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other liverwo ...

Nakai 1943 * Myliineae Engel & Braggins ex Crandall-Stotler et al. **

Myliaceae ''Mylia'' is a genus of liverworts. It is the only genus in the family Myliaceae. While many species are green, some species may be brownish to reddish. The leaves are unlobed and have a smooth edge; the underleaves are tapered and narrow. Plan ...

Schljakov 1975 *

Perssoniellineae Schistochilaceae is a family of liverworts in the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other liver ...

Schuster 1963 **

Schistochilaceae Schistochilaceae is a family of liverworts in the order Jungermanniales Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem. Most other live ...

Buch 1928 erssoniellaceae Schuster ex Grolle 1972

References

External links

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Photos of species
Liverwort orders {{Bryophyte-stub