Julián Zugazagoitia Mendieta (5 February 1899,

Bilbao Bilbao is a city in northern Spain, the largest city in the Provinces of Spain, province of Biscay and in the Basque Country (greater region), Basque Country as a whole. It is also the largest city proper in northern Spain. Bilbao is the List o ...

– 9 November 1940,

Madrid Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It i ...

) was a Spanish journalist and politician. A member of the

Spanish Socialist Workers' Party The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party ( , PSOE ) is a Social democracy, social democratic Updated as required.The PSOE is described as a social-democratic party by numerous sources: * * * * List of political parties in Spain, political party ...

, he was close to Indalecio Prieto and the editor of the '' El Socialista'' in mid-1930s. In the first weeks of the

Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War () was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans and the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the Left-wing p ...

he wrote against the '' paseos'' and denounced the anarchist and communist secret prisons (''checas''). In October 1936 he wrote in ''El Socialista'': "The life of an adversary who surrenders is unassailable; no combatant can dispose of that life. That is not how the rebels behave. It matters not. It is how we should behave.". In May 1937 he was appointed by the prime minister, Juan Negrín, as minister of Interior of the

Second Spanish Republic The Spanish Republic (), commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic (), was the form of democratic government in Spain from 1931 to 1939. The Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931 after the deposition of Alfonso XIII, King Alfonso XIII. ...

. Because of the abduction and killing of Andreu Nin, he dismissed the Director General of Security, Antonio Ortega and threatened to resign as minister. In 1938, he supported the dissolution by force of the anarchist controlled, ''Consejo de Aragon''. He was replaced in May 1938, but in April 1938, he was appointed secretary of the ministry of defence. After the war, he fled to France, but in 1940 was arrested by the

Gestapo The (, ), Syllabic abbreviation, abbreviated Gestapo (), was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and in German-occupied Europe. The force was created by Hermann Göring in 1933 by combining the various political police agencies of F ...

, handed over to Spain and executed. In

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

he wrote a history about the Spanish Civil War: ''Historia de la guerra en España'', published in 1940.Jackson, Gabriel. (1967). ''The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-1939.'' Princeton University Press. Princeton. p.412

Notes

Bibliography

* Beevor, Antony. (2006). ''The battle for Spain. The Spanish civil war, 1936-1939.'' Penguin Books. London. . * Jackson, Gabriel. (1967). ''The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-1939.'' Princeton University Press. Princeton. * Preston, Paul. (2006). ''The Spanish Civil War. Reaction, revolution & revenge.'' Harper Perennial. London. *Thomas, Hugh. (2001). ''The Spanish Civil War.'' Penguin Books. London. 1899 births 1940 deaths Spanish Socialist Workers' Party politicians Government ministers during the Second Spanish Republic Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction) Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in France People executed by Francoist Spain Executed Spanish people Writers from Bilbao Politicians from Bilbao Interior ministers of Spain Members of the Congress of Deputies of the Second Spanish Republic Exiled Spanish politicians People extradited from France {{Extremadura-politician-stub