Gyula Kautz (5 November 1829 – 27 March 1909) was a notable Hungarian

economist An economist is a professional and practitioner in the social sciences, social science discipline of economics. The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy. Within this ...

. The Faculty of Economics at the

Széchenyi István University The Széchenyi István University (SZE), also known as the University of Győr, is located in Győr and Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary. The university was established in 1968. In cooperation with Audi Hungaria Motor Kft, one of the University� ...

holds his name.

Education

Born in Győr, he started his University studies at the Royal Academy of Philosophy at Győr. After two academic years, he moved to

Pest Pest or The Pest may refer to: Science and medicine * Pest (organism), an animal or plant deemed to be detrimental to humans or human concerns ** Weed, a plant considered undesirable * Infectious disease, an illness resulting from an infection ** ...

to study at the

University of Pest A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, the ...

, where he earned his doctorate in law in 1850. He then went on to study abroad for a year, visiting universities of

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

Heidelberg Heidelberg (; Palatine German language, Palatine German: ''Heidlberg'') is a city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany. As of the 2016 census, its population was 159,914 ...

and

Leipzig Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as wel ...

. He was influenced by the English classical school of Economics, and also by

Wilhelm Roscher Wilhelm Georg Friedrich Roscher (; 21 October 18174 June 1894) was a German economist from Hanover. Biography Roscher studied at Göttingen, where he became a member of Corps Hannovera, and Berlin, and obtained a professorship at Göttingen in ...

, then a professor at

, a representative of the German historian school.

Academia

He started his academic career in 1851, with an assistant lecturer position at the Royal Academy of Justice at Pozsony. He moved to work as a regular teacher at the Royal Academy of Justice at Nagyvárad in 1853. His subject was the Austrian financial law, then political economics. In 1858 he moved back to

to become a teacher of public law and public administration at the Technical University of Pest. He was teaching at the

from 1863 onwards. He became the associate of the

Hungarian Academy of Sciences The Hungarian Academy of Sciences ( hu, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, MTA) is the most important and prestigious learned society of Hungary. Its seat is at the bank of the Danube in Budapest, between Széchenyi rakpart and Akadémia utca. Its ma ...

in 1862, and he received regular membership in 1865. He was elected the dean of the Faculty of Justice and Administration at

for the 1872/1873 term, and he was the rector of the

in the 1973/1974. From 1902 he was the chairman of the Hungarian Economic Association for 6 years. He held the position of the vice-chairman of the

from 1904 to 1907. He was the member of the

Société d'Economie Politique Lactalis is a French multinational dairy products corporation, owned by the Besnier family and based in Laval, Mayenne, France. The company's former name was Besnier SA. Lactalis is the largest dairy products group in the world, and is the sec ...

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

and the

Royal Statistical Society The Royal Statistical Society (RSS) is an established statistical society. It has three main roles: a British learned society for statistics, a professional body for statisticians and a charity which promotes statistics for the public good. ...

London London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...

Political career

Kautz held liberal views. He was the member of the Deák Party, and he belonged to the inner circle around Ferenc Deák. He was one of the key figures who prepared and developed the economic programme behind the

Ausgleich The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (german: Ausgleich, hu, Kiegyezés) established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. The Compromise only partially re-established the former pre-1848 sovereignty and status of the Kingdom of Hungary ...

. In 1865 he won Győr's seat in the Parliament, and he held this position for three consecutive terms, from 1865 to 1883. He was elected the permanent member of the Upper Chamber in 1885.

Financial career

In 1883 he was named the Hungarian vice-governor of the Austro-Hungarian Bank, then the

central bank A central bank, reserve bank, or monetary authority is an institution that manages the currency and monetary policy of a country or monetary union, and oversees their commercial banking system. In contrast to a commercial bank, a central ba ...

of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. He was chosen to be the governor of the Austro-Hungarian Bank in 1892. He led the transition to the new currency, the

Austro-Hungarian krone The crown (german: Krone, hu, korona, it, Corona, pl, korona, sl, krona, sh, kruna, cz, koruna, sk, koruna, ro, coroană) was the official currency of Austria-Hungary from 1892 (when it replaced the florin as part of the adoption of the ...

. He left his position at the Austro-Hungarian Bank in 1900, when the monetary reform was completed.

Selected works

* 1858: ''Die National-Oekonomik als Wissenschaft'' (Theorie und Geschichte der National-Oekonomik. Propyläen zum volks- und staatswirtschaftlichen Studium; vol. 1). Wien : Gerold.Kautz 1858: . . * 1860: ''Die geschichtliche Entwickelung der National-Oekonomik und ihrer Literatur'' (Theorie und Geschichte der National-Oekonomik. Propyläen zum volks- und staatswirtschaftlichen Studium; vol. 2). Wien : Gerold.Kautz 1860: ; also written as "''Die geschichtliche Entwicklung....''" (). . Reprint 1970: Glashütten im Taunus : Auvermann, . * 1890: ''A nemzetgazdaság és pénzügytan rendszere''.

References

External links

Kautz Gyula Faculty of Economics
at the Széchenyi István University
Kautz Gyula College for Advanced Studies in Economy
at the Széchenyi István University {{DEFAULTSORT:Kautz, Gyula Hungarian economists Hungarian writers Hungarian politicians 1829 births 1909 deaths