Julian Marshall (24 June 1836 – 21 November 1903) was an English music and print collector, tennis player and writer.

Life

Marshall was born in

Headingley Headingley is a suburb of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, approximately two miles out of the city centre, to the north west along the A660 road. Headingley is the location of the Beckett Park campus of Leeds Beckett University and Headingle ...

, Yorkshire to a

flax Flax, also known as common flax or linseed, is a flowering plant, ''Linum usitatissimum'', in the family Linaceae. It is cultivated as a food and fiber crop in regions of the world with temperate climates. Textiles made from flax are known in ...

-spinning family. Faflak & Wright, p. 51 His father,

John Marshall John Marshall (September 24, 1755July 6, 1835) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the fourth Chief Justice of the United States from 1801 until his death in 1835. He remains the longest-serving chief justice and fourth-longes ...

had been Member of Parliament (MP) for

Leeds Leeds () is a city and the administrative centre of the City of Leeds district in West Yorkshire, England. It is built around the River Aire and is in the eastern foothills of the Pennines. It is also the third-largest settlement (by populati ...

. His grandfather was industrialist

, who was also an MP. Marshall attended

Harrow School (The Faithful Dispensation of the Gifts of God) , established = (Royal Charter) , closed = , type = Public schoolIndependent schoolBoarding school , religion = Church of E ...

in London, before joining the family business. As a young man, Marshall started collecting prints, and later, music manuscripts. He was also a music writer and contributed work to the first edition of the ''

Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'' is an encyclopedic dictionary of music and musicians. Along with the German-language ''Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart'', it is one of the largest reference works on the history and theo ...

''. Marshall codified the rules of

real tennis Real tennis – one of several games sometimes called "the sport of kings" – is the original racquet sport from which the modern game of tennis (also called "lawn tennis") is derived. It is also known as court tennis in the United Sta ...

in 1872.Heiner Gillmeister ''Tennis: a cultural history''
/ref> In 1873 he played an important early

lawn A lawn is an area of soil-covered land planted with grasses and other durable plants such as clover which are maintained at a short height with a lawnmower (or sometimes grazing animals) and used for aesthetic and recreational purposes. L ...

match with

William Hart Dyke Sir William Hart Dyke, 7th Baronet PC, DL, JP (7 August 1837 – 3 July 1931) was an English Conservative politician and tennis pioneer. Background and education The second son of Sir Percival Hart Dyke, 6th Baronet and Elizabeth Wells, Ha ...

and

John Moyer Heathcote John Moyer Heathcote (12 July 1834 – 3 August 1912) was an English barrister and real tennis player. He was one of the committee members at the Marylebone Cricket Club responsible for drafting the original rules of lawn tennis and is credited ...

Lullingstone Castle Lullingstone Castle is a historic manor house, set in an estate in the village of Lullingstone and the civil parish of Eynsford in the English county of Kent. It has been inhabited by members of the Hart Dyke family for twenty generations inclu ...

. By 1877 the

All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club The All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, also known as the All England Club, based at Church Road, Wimbledon, London, Wimbledon, London, England, is a Gentlemen's club, private members' club. It is best known as the venue for the Wimbledon ...

was proposing the first

Wimbledon Championships The Wimbledon Championships, commonly known simply as Wimbledon, is the oldest tennis tournament in the world and is widely regarded as the most prestigious. It has been held at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, All England Club in ...

, and a review of the rules was required. Marshall, with his fellow MCC commissioner Heathcote and Henry Jones of the All England club, laid down the rules that are little changed to this day, in time for the first Wimbledon tournament on 9 July 1877. Marshall died on 21 November 1903 at

Hampstead Hampstead () is an area in London, which lies northwest of Charing Cross, and extends from Watling Street, the A5 road (Roman Watling Street) to Hampstead Heath, a large, hilly expanse of parkland. The area forms the northwest part of the Lon ...

Publications

*''The Annals of Tennis'' (1878) *''Lawn-tennis,: With the laws adopted by the M.C.C., and A.E.C. & L.T.C., and Badminton'' by Julian Marshall (1879) *''Tennis cuts and quips,: In prose and verse, with rules and wrinkles'' (1884) *''Tennis, racquets, fives'' 1890 Bell (with J Spens and Ja Arnan Tate)

Family

Marshall married Florence Ashton Thomas on 7 October 1864. She was a musician and author of ''Handel'' (1883) and ''Life and letters of Mary W. Shelley'' (2 vols. 1889). One of their three daughters was Dorothy Marshall, who became a noted chemist.

References

;Footnotes ;Sources * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Marshall, Julian 1836 births 1903 deaths English collectors English musicologists People from Headingley People educated at Harrow School English male tennis players British male tennis players Tennis people from West Yorkshire 19th-century musicologists