Julian Edwards

Julian Edwards (December 11, 1855 - September 5, 1910) was an English composer of light operatic music, who composed many successful Broadway shows in the Progressive Era. He attempted to introduce new levels of musical sophistication to the genre. Some of his songs achieved popularity at the time.

Early life

Edwards was born in Manchester, England, and studied in Edinburgh and London. He became conductor of the Carl Rosa Opera Company. He also conducted at the Royal English Opera House, where he met his wife, ''prima donna'' Philippine Siedle."Honor Roll of Popular Song Writers, no 27, Julian Edwards", ''The Billboard'', July 9, 1949. p.38. He composed a grand opera entitled ''Victorian'', first performed at the Theatre Royal, Sheffield on 6 April 1883, which was also performed at Covent Garden Opera House on 19 January 1884. The libretto, by J F Reynolds-Anderson, was based on Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's play ''The Spanish Student''.

Broadway career

He soon turned his attention to lighter music, moving to New York at the invitation of Broadway producer James C. Duff, and creating a number of Broadway shows, beginning with ''Jupiter'' (1892), to a libretto by Harry B. Smith. He followed it with 17 more musicals.Gerald Bordman, "Edwards, Julian", ''The Oxford companion to American theatre'', Oxford University Press, 1984.

His first big success was ''Madeleine, or the Magic Kiss'' (1893). This was his first collaboration with playwright and lyricist Stanislaus Stange, with whom he worked on several other projects. They later had an even greater success with ''Brian Boru'' (1896), a "Romantic Irish Opera" based on the life of the medieval Irish king.

Among his many other works, he also wrote ''Jolly Musketeer'' (1898), ''Princess Chic'' (1900),with Kirke La Shelle ''Dolly Varden'' (1902), ''When Johnny Comes Marching Home'' (1902), ''Love's Lottery'' (1904), ''The Gay Musician'' (1908, with book and lyrics by Chas. J. Campbell and Edward Siedle, his brother-in-law), ''The Motor Girl'' (1909) and ''The Girl and the Wizard'' (1909). ''Love's Lottery'' was intended as a vehicle for the German opera singer Ernestine Schumann-Heink, who withdrew after fifty performances.

Some of Edwards' songs with lyricist Stanislaus Stange were published as independent pieces. Their patriotic song ''My Own United States'' from ''When Johnny Comes Marching Home'', achieved particular popularity. Among the stars of the era who performed his work were Lillian Russell, Jefferson De Angelis, Della Fox, Christie MacDonald, and Lulu Glaser.

Other works

While writing his Broadway shows, Edwards continued to work on more serious pieces. He made his name in America with an operatic adaptation of the play ''King René's Daughter'' (1893), presented as a one-act lyrical drama.Julian Edwards, "A Composer of Light Opera who has recently become famous", ''Lewiston Evening Journal'', October 30, 1896, p. 23. Edwards wrote the libretto himself, from an existing English translation. The opera was criticised on the grounds that his music "wallows in Wagner". Edwards had intended to submit it for the Sonzogno prize for one-act operas, but it was completed too late."Julian Edwards Dead: Composer succumbs to heart disease at his Yonkers home", ''New York Daily Tribune'', Sep. 5, 1910, p. 3 The work had only limited success.Bordman, Gerald Martin. ''American musical theatre: a chronicle'', Oxford University Press, 2001, pp. 132; 281.

He also composed ''The Patriot'' (1907), another one-act grand opera, to a libretto by Stange, set in the American War of Independence. He completed two more grand operas, ''Elfinella'' and ''Corinne'', but these were unproduced. He was particularly proud of his sacred cantatas, including ''The Redeemer'' and ''Lazarus''. His oratorio ''Mary Magdalene'' was not fully completed before his death. In 1907 he set a translation of P. D. A. Atterbom's poem ''The Mermaid''.

He wrote incidental music for productions of many plays, including ''Quo Vadis'', ''In the Palace of the King'', ''Gringoire'', ''The Wooing of Priscilla'', ''King Robert of Sicily'', ''The Cipher Code'', ''In a Balcony'', ''The Land of Heart's Desire'' and others.

He also published collections of songs, including "Sunlight and Shadow", and copyists' full scores of two symphonies, in E major and A minor, exist in the Tams-Witmark collection at the Library of Congress.

Views on music and songwriting

When interviewed in 1908 Edwards was asked about the proper relationship between a composer and a lyricist. He took the view that there is no single model but stated that "to my mind the ideal collaboration between the musician and the librettist is that of Gilbert & Sullivan. They stand alone." He especially praised Gilbert's libretti, and described Sullivan's music as "clever". He dismissed his own work in light music, emphasising his serious works, particularly his operas and cantatas."Julian Edwards", ''Lewiston Evening Journal'', July 3, 1908, p.8. Initially, an opponent of Wagnerism, Edwards had become a strong supporter of the movement. He believed that Richard Strauss's '' Salome'' (1905) was the most important work of recent modern music.

Edwards died of heart failure in 1910. He is described as a "serious, but poorly endowed" composer by theatre historian Gerald Bordman, but Bordman's comments on Edwards concern only his operettas.

References

External links

Scores on imslp

{{DEFAULTSORT:Edwards, Julian
1855 births
1910 deaths
American musical theatre composers
Musicians from Manchester
English emigrants to the United States
American male classical composers
American classical composers
English male classical composers
English classical composers
American opera composers
Male opera composers
19th-century classical composers
20th-century classical composers
20th-century English composers
19th-century American composers
19th-century American male musicians
19th-century English musicians
20th-century American composers
19th-century British composers
20th-century American male musicians
19th-century British male musicians