Juhan (Johann) Kukk
VR III/1 (
in
Käru
Käru is a small borough ( et, alevik) in Türi Parish, Järva County, Estonia. Before the administrative reform in 2017, Käru was the administrative centre of Käru Parish.
Käru has a railway station on the Tallinn - Viljandi railway line ...
, Salla Parish (now in
Väike-Maarja Parish
Väike-Maarja Parish ( et, Väike-Maarja vald) is a rural municipality of Estonia, in Lääne-Viru County. It has a population of 5,421 (as of 1 January 2009) and an area of 457.39 km².
Settlements
;Small boroughs
Kiltsi, Rakke, Simuna, ...
),
Wierland County
Wierland County (german: Kreis Wierland, german: Wierlandische Kreis, et, Viru kreis, russian: Vezenbergsky uyezd, russian: Virlyandsky uyezd) was one of the four counties of the Russian Empire located in the Governorate of Estonia. It was situat ...
,
Governorate of Estonia
The Governorate of Estonia, also known as the Governorate of Esthonia (Pre-reformed rus, Эстля́ндская губе́рнія, r=Estlyandskaya guberniya); et, Eestimaa kubermang was a governorate in the Baltic region, along with the ...
– 4 December 1942 in
Kargopol
Kargopol (russian: Ка́ргополь) is a town and the administrative center of Kargopolsky District in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on both sides of the Onega River, several miles north of Lake Lacha, in the southwestern corner o ...
,
Arkhangelsk Oblast,
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
) was an
Estonia
Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a ...
n politician.
Kukk finished the
Tartu High School of Sciences, studied in the Commerce Department of the
Riga Polytechnical School in 1904–1910 and got additional education in
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
, graduated with the diploma of first degree.
In 1917–1918 Kukk was head of the financial department of the Estonian Province Government (
Maapäev
The Estonian Provincial Assembly ( et, Eestimaa Kubermangu Ajutine Maanõukogu, (Ajutine) Maanõukogu, Eesti Maanõukogu, (Eesti) Maapäev) was elected after the February Revolution in 1917 as the national diet of the Autonomous Governorate of ...
), 1918–1919 Financial and State Property Minister of the
Estonian Provisional Government
The Estonian Provisional Government ( et, Eesti Ajutine Valitsus) was formed on 24 February 1918, by the Salvation Committee appointed by '' Maapäev'', the Estonian Province Assembly.
History Konstantin Päts' first provisional cabinet
The P ...
, 1919–1920
Minister of Finance
A finance minister is an executive or cabinet position in charge of one or more of government finances, economic policy and financial regulation.
A finance minister's portfolio has a large variety of names around the world, such as "treasury", " ...
of the
Republic of Estonia, 1920–1921 Minister of Commerce and Industry, from 18 November 1921 to 22 November 1922 Speaker of the I
Riigikogu
The Riigikogu (; from Estonian ''riigi-'', of the state, and ''kogu'', assembly) is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition to approving legislation, the Parliament appoints high officials, including the Prime Minister and Chief Just ...
,
1922–1924 Director of the Bank of Estonia. He was member of the I and II Riigikogu, in 1920–1926. From November 1922 to August 1923 Kukk was
Head of State
A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona who officially embodies a state Foakes, pp. 110–11 " he head of statebeing an embodiment of the State itself or representatitve of its international persona." in its unity and l ...
.
Kukk was active promoter of the
cooperative movement
The history of the cooperative movement concerns the origins and history of cooperatives across the world. Although cooperative arrangements, such as mutual insurance, and principles of cooperation existed long before, the cooperative movement bega ...
and also worked as chairman of the council of the Estonian Cooperation Union, Director of the Central Union of the Estonian Consumers Union, for some time also the chairman of the board of this union. From 1920 he was also chairman of the board of Rahvapank (People's Bank) and 1924–1926 director of
Bank of Estonia
Bank of Estonia ( et, Eesti Pank) is the central bank of Estonia as well as a member of the Eurosystem organisation of euro area central banks.
The Bank of Estonia also belongs to the European System of Central Banks. Until 2010, the bank ...
.
Kukk was arrested by the
NKVD
The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (russian: Наро́дный комиссариа́т вну́тренних дел, Naródnyy komissariát vnútrennikh del, ), abbreviated NKVD ( ), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union.
...
in 1940, he died in imprisonment in 1942.
Awards
1920 -
Cross of Liberty III/I
References
Juhan (Johann) Kukk*
Ülo Kaevats
Ülo Kaevats (29 September 1947 – 30 January 2015) was an Estonian statesman, academic and philosopher.
In 1972, he graduated from the Faculty of Physics and Chemistry of the University of Tartu with a qualification from a physicist and a rese ...
et al. 2000. ''Eesti entsüklopeedia 14''. Tallinn: Eesti Entsüklopeediakirjastus,
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kukk, Juhan
1885 births
1942 deaths
People from Väike-Maarja Parish
People from Kreis Wierland
Estonian Labour Party politicians
Heads of State of Estonia
Finance ministers of Estonia
Government ministers of Estonia
Members of the Estonian Provincial Assembly
Members of the Estonian Constituent Assembly
Members of the Riigikogu, 1920–1923
Members of the Riigikogu, 1923–1926
Speakers of the Riigikogu
Cooperative organizers
Riga Technical University alumni
Recipients of the Cross of Liberty (Estonia)
Estonian people who died in Soviet detention
People who died in the Gulag