Judah ben Kalonymus ben Moses of Mainz (died 1200) was a

Jewish German The history of the Jews in Germany goes back at least to the year 321, and continued through the Early Middle Ages (5th to 10th centuries CE) and High Middle Ages (''circa'' 1000–1299 CE) when Jewish immigrants founded the Ashkenazi Jewish ...

scholar,

halakhic ''Halakha'' (; he, הֲלָכָה, ), also transliterated as ''halacha'', ''halakhah'', and ''halocho'' ( ), is the collective body of Jewish religious laws which is derived from the written and Oral Torah. Halakha is based on biblical commandm ...

authority, and kabbalist. In his early years, he studied in

Speyer Speyer (, older spelling ''Speier'', French: ''Spire,'' historical English: ''Spires''; pfl, Schbaija) is a city in Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany with approximately 50,000 inhabitants. Located on the left bank of the river Rhine, Speyer li ...

under

Shemariah ben Mordecai Shemariah ben Mordecai was a German rabbi and tosafist of the first half of the 12th century, who was a pupil of the tosafist Isaac ben Asher. He was considered an especially eminent authority on religious rites ('' ba'al ma'asim''), and seems to ...

who taught him mysticism. During the

Third Crusade The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt by three European monarchs of Western Christianity (Philip II of France, Richard I of England and Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor) to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by ...

, Judah helped his community to prepare for the Anti-Semitic attacks to follow. Among his pupils were his son

Eleazar of Worms Eleazar of Worms (אלעזר מוורמייזא - also מגרמייזא of Garmiza or Garmisa) (c. 1176–1238), or Eleazar ben Judah ben Kalonymus, also sometimes known today as Eleazar Rokeach ("Eleazar the Perfumer" אלעזר רקח) from t ...

Joel ben Isaac ha-Levi Rabbi Yoel ben Isaac ha-Levi (Hebrew: רבי יואל בן יצחק הלוי; - 1200) also known as Rav Yoel of Bonn was a 12th-century German Tosafist, and the father of Eliezer ben Joel HaLevi. Biography Born in about 1115 in Mainz, Germany, ...

and

Baruch ben Samuel Baruch ben Samuel (died April 25, 1221), also called Baruch of Mainz to distinguish him from Baruch ben Isaac, was a Talmudist and prolific '' payyeṭan'', who flourished in Mainz at the beginning of the thirteenth century. Writings He was a pup ...

References

Rabbis from Mainz 1200 deaths Year of birth unknown 12th-century German rabbis Kabbalists 12th-century German writers {{Germany-rabbi-stub