) in the background , imagesize = 280 , image_blank_emblem = , blank_emblem_type = , blank_emblem_size = , blank_emblem_alt = Official Carlini emblem , blank_emblem_link = , image_flag = , flag_size = , flag_alt = , flag_border = no , flag_link = , image_seal = , seal_size = , seal_alt = , seal_link = , image_shield = , shield_size = , shield_alt = , shield_link = , nickname = , motto = , anthem = , pushpin_map = Antarctica , pushpin_map_alt = Location of Carlini Station in Antarctica , pushpin_map_caption = Location of Carlini Station in Antarctica , pushpin_mapsize = 300 , pushpin_relief = yes , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = Province , subdivision_name1 = Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica, and South Atlantic Islands Province , subdivision_type2 =

Department Department may refer to: * Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility Government and military *Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...

, subdivision_name2 = Antártida Argentina , subdivision_type3 = Region , subdivision_name3 = South Shetland Islands , subdivision_type4 = Location , subdivision_name4 =

Potter Cove Potter Cove is a cove indenting the south-west side of King George Island to the east of Barton Peninsula, in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica. An extinct volcano named Three Brothers Hill is located on its east side. Potter Cove was know ...

King George Island
Antarctica , established_title = Established , established_date =
(1953–54 austral summer season) , established_title1 = , established_date1 = , established_title2 = , established_date2 = , extinct_title = Closed , extinct_date = , named_for = Alejandro Ricardo Carlini , area_magnitude = , area_urban_ha = , area_urban_footnotes = , area_note = , elevation_m = 10 , government_type = Directorate , governing_body =

Argentine National Antarctic Directorate Argentines (mistakenly translated Argentineans in the past; in Spanish ( masculine) or ( feminine)) are people identified with the country of Argentina. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Argentines, ...

, government_footnotes = , leader_title = , leader_name = , total_type = , unit_pref = metric , population_total = , population_as_of = , population_footnotes = , population_note = , blank_name_sec1 = Type , blank_info_sec1 = All year-round , blank1_name_sec1 = Period , blank1_info_sec1 = Annual , blank2_name_sec1 = Status , blank2_info_sec1 = Operational , blank_name_sec2 = Facilities , blank_info_sec2 = , timezone1 = ART , utc_offset1 = -3 , postal_code_type = , postal_code = , area_code_type = , area_code = , iso_code = , website = , footnotes = Carlini Base ( es, Base Carlini), formerly known as Jubany Base, is an

Argentine Argentines (mistakenly translated Argentineans in the past; in Spanish (masculine) or (feminine)) are people identified with the country of Argentina. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Argentines, s ...

permanent base and scientific research station named after scientist Alejandro Ricardo Carlini (previously it had been named after Argentine naval pilot José Isidro Jubany). It is located on

, King George Island, in the South Shetland Islands. , Carlini is one of 13 research bases in Antarctica operated by Argentina.

History

, in the southwestern region of the King George Island (known as ''Isla 25 de Mayo'' in Argentina) in the South Shetland archipelago was chosen around 1953 to host an Argentine naval station for amphibious aircraft support. The refuge was established on 21 November 1953, being temporarily called Refugio Potter and then Caleta Potter Naval Station. In the summer campaign of 1953–54 the shelter was inhabited by only three men. It was proposed to name the base after naval aviator Jose Isidro Jubany, killed on duty on 14 September 1948; the station was thus renamed as Teniente Jubany in the course of the 1954–55 campaign. In the summer campaign of 1957–1958 two groups of scientists working for the

Argentine Antarctic Institute Argentines (mistakenly translated Argentineans in the past; in Spanish (masculine) or (feminine)) are people identified with the country of Argentina. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Argentines, s ...

conducted geological survey work in the area, collecting petrographic and paleontological samples to study local geological upward movements. Dr. Otto Schneider was head of the first group and Osvaldo C. Schauer, chief of the second. In 1982 the naval station facilities were transferred to the Argentine Antarctic Institute and the station was upgraded to the status of base, being inaugurated as such on 12 February. In 1990 the Alfred Wegener Institute of marine research, Germany, began talks with the Argentine National Antarctic Institute, dealing with the installation of on-site laboratories and aquariums with modern equipment for scientific research. This new facility—named

Dallmann Laboratory ) in the background , imagesize = 280 , image_blank_emblem = , blank_emblem_type = , blank_emblem_size = , blank_emblem_alt = Official Carlini emblem , blank_emblem_link = , image_flag ...

—was inaugurated on 20 January 1994, has an area of and was built in mainland Argentina, disassembled, carried by ship to Potter Cove, and reassembled at the base. In 1994 the LAJUB laboratory for greenhouse effect research was installed in collaboration with the

Institute of Atmospheric Physics An institute is an organisational body created for a certain purpose. They are often research organisations (research institutes) created to do research on specific topics, or can also be a professional body. In some countries, institutes can ...

(IFA), Italy. On 5 March 2012, by decree 309/2012 of the Executive, the base was renamed to Base Carlini, after the late researcher Dr. Alejandro Ricardo Carlini, of distinguished trajectory in Antarctic scientific studies. On 8 December 2013

Metallica Metallica is an American heavy metal band. The band was formed in 1981 in Los Angeles by vocalist/guitarist James Hetfield and drummer Lars Ulrich, and has been based in San Francisco for most of its career. The band's fast tempos, instrume ...

performed a concert at the base, under a small specially-built dome and without amplification due to environmental concerns. The show was streamed worldwide.

Description

Since its upgrade to base status in 1982, Carlini's facilities have been continuously improved; they include: main, emergency, technical staff and personnel houses; weather station; LAJUB Laboratory; Dallmann Laboratory; infirmary; radio station; power plant (both main and auxiliary, just for emergencies); garage and workhouse; freezing chamber; warehouse for supplies; incinerator and compactor for residues; installations for fuel pump, heat generation and fuel filtering and purification; various multiple use buildings; fuel tank array; antenna; heliport; geodetic

GPS The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a Radionavigation-satellite service, satellite-based radionavigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Space Force. It is one of t ...

receiver station and seismography station. This adds to a maximum lodging capacity for 60 people. it has an average winter population of 20 people. The base is located next to a colony of more than 16,000

penguin Penguins (order (biology), order List of Sphenisciformes by population, Sphenisciformes , family (biology), family Spheniscidae ) are a group of Water bird, aquatic flightless birds. They live almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere: on ...

s and 650 sea lions. The usual route to reach the base includes a flight from Ushuaia to Marambio Base, and then sailing for a few days. Carlini enables scientists from different areas to develop advanced research projects in the disciplines of the natural sciences. These tasks increase during the more active summer campaigns. For example, there have been studies on human behavior and its

biochemical Biochemistry or biological chemistry is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. A sub-discipline of both chemistry and biology, biochemistry may be divided into three fields: structural biology, enzymology an ...

correlations; ecological aspects of

benthic The benthic zone is the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean, lake, or stream, including the sediment surface and some sub-surface layers. The name comes from ancient Greek, βένθος (bénthos), meaning "t ...

, planktonic and coastal populations; censuses within pinniped colonies (mainly elephant seals and fur seals); physical

chemistry Chemistry is the science, scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a natural science that covers the Chemical element, elements that make up matter to the chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules and ions ...

and biology of lakes, ponds and other water bodies; tracing of

ecotoxicological Ecotoxicology is the study of the effects of toxic chemicals on biological organisms, especially at the population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere levels. Ecotoxicology is a multidisciplinary field, which integrates toxicology and ecology. T ...

elements in the Antarctic ecosystem; continuous monitoring of long-term sea level in geology and geophysics operations; coastal ecology and

microbiology Microbiology () is the scientific study of microorganisms, those being unicellular (single cell), multicellular (cell colony), or acellular (lacking cells). Microbiology encompasses numerous sub-disciplines including virology, bacteriology, prot ...

; effect of UV radiation on marine

phytoplankton Phytoplankton () are the autotrophic (self-feeding) components of the plankton community and a key part of ocean and freshwater ecosystems. The name comes from the Greek words (), meaning 'plant', and (), meaning 'wanderer' or 'drifter'. Ph ...

and bacteria; etc.

Dallmann Laboratory

At the Dallmann Laboratory—a German-Argentine cooperation project—multidisciplinary joint research programs are carried out in the fields of biology; coastal and terrestrial ecology; terrestrial wildlife (mostly elephants and seals); pollution effects on birds and fish populations;

oceanography Oceanography (), also known as oceanology and ocean science, is the scientific study of the oceans. It is an Earth science, which covers a wide range of topics, including ecosystem dynamics; ocean currents, waves, and geophysical fluid dynamic ...

; coastal geology; etc. The lab has three modules for bedrooms, bathroom and living-dining room, two modules for laboratories and one for the engine room and dive locker. It also has four containers for laboratory and aquarium use donated by Germany. It is equipped with several scientific instruments and vehicles provided by Germany:

lyophilizer Freeze drying, also known as lyophilization or cryodesiccation, is a low temperature dehydration process that involves freezing the product and lowering pressure, removing the ice by sublimation. This is in contrast to dehydration by most conve ...

stereo microscope The stereo, stereoscopic or dissecting microscope is an optical microscope variant designed for low magnification observation of a sample, typically using light reflected from the surface of an object rather than transmitted through it. The instr ...

s, freezers, a small hyperbaric chamber for transport, scuba diving equipment, aquariums, a rigid hull boat and a Kässbohrer tracked vehicle. The Argentine Antarctic Institute, the Netherlands Geosciences Foundation and the Alfred Wegener Institute signed an agreement to provide a biological purification plant ceded by the Netherlands. It consists of a scrubber tank, a treatment and sludge drying plant, as well as facilities and equipment for process control and monitoring, and a set of basic spare parts and fuel reserves. 1994 dallmann01 hg.jpg, 1994 dallmann08 hg.jpg, 1994 dallmann06 hg.jpg,

LACAR Laboratories

The LACAR (Laboratorio Antártico Multidisciplinario Carlini) laboratories—former 'LAJUB' when the station designation was Jubany—are formed by two facilities / buildings: LACAR-Cabildo and LACAR-Catedral. Of these two buildings, the LACAR-Cabildo is focused on hosting and maintaining different kinds of equipment—belonging to many projects—for the purposes of data collection; while the LACAR-Catedral holds four laboratories for sample handling and analysis related to various scientific disciplines. This two buildings, like the rest of the Multidisciplinary Laboratories at the Argentinean permanent Antarctic Stations (LAMBI -at Marambio station-, LABEL -at Belgrano II station-, LABES -at Esperanza station-, LABORC -at Orcadas Station- and LASAN at San Martín station) are managed by the Scientific Coordination area of the Argentinean Antarctic Institute.

Climate

References

;Notes ;Citations

External links

Fundación Marambio – Base Carlini

Dirección Nacional del Antártico
{{Authority control Carlini Outposts of the South Shetland Islands Populated places established in 1953 Geography of King George Island (South Shetland Islands) 1953 establishments in Antarctica