Juana Maria De Iturbide
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, image = , image_size = 250px , caption = , house = Iturbide , house-type=Imperial House , father =
Agustín I of Mexico Agustín is a Spanish given name and sometimes a surname. It is related to Augustín. People with the name include: Given name * Agustín (footballer), Spanish footballer * Agustín Calleri (born 1976), Argentine tennis player * Agustín Cár ...
, mother =
Ana María Huarte , image = Emperatriz Ana Maria Huarte de Iturbide.png , caption = Empress Ana María by Josephus Arias , succession = Empress consort of Mexico , reign =19 May 1822 – 19 March 1823 , coronation = 21 July 1822 , spouse = Agustín ...
, birth_date = , birth_place =
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, death_date =
(aged 16) , death_place = Georgetown (Washington, D.C.),
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, place of burial=
Georgetown Visitation Monastery The Monastery of the Visitation, Georgetown is a monastery of the Visitation Order in the District of Columbia, United States of America. History Founding This monastery was founded by Alice Lalor, native of County Kilkenny, Ireland, who ...
, religion =
Roman Catholicism The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwide . It is am ...
Juana de Dios María Francisca Ramona Ignacia de Iturbide y Huarte (10 March 1812 – 2 October 1828), was the third child of
Agustín I of Mexico Agustín is a Spanish given name and sometimes a surname. It is related to Augustín. People with the name include: Given name * Agustín (footballer), Spanish footballer * Agustín Calleri (born 1976), Argentine tennis player * Agustín Cár ...
(Agustín de Iturbide) and Empress Ana María. She died at a young age at the
Georgetown Visitation Monastery The Monastery of the Visitation, Georgetown is a monastery of the Visitation Order in the District of Columbia, United States of America. History Founding This monastery was founded by Alice Lalor, native of County Kilkenny, Ireland, who ...
(
Georgetown Visitation Preparatory School Georgetown Visitation Preparatory School is a private Roman Catholic college-preparatory school for girls located in the historic Washington, D.C. neighborhood of Georgetown. Founded in 1799 by the Order of the Visitation of Holy Mary (also kno ...
) in
Washington, D.C. ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...


Biography

Juana was born in
New Spain New Spain, officially the Viceroyalty of New Spain ( es, Virreinato de Nueva España, ), or Kingdom of New Spain, was an integral territorial entity of the Spanish Empire, established by Habsburg Spain during the Spanish colonization of the Am ...
, when the colony was still under the control of
King of Spain , coatofarms = File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg , coatofarms_article = Coat of arms of the King of Spain , image = Felipe_VI_in_2020_(cropped).jpg , incumbent = Felipe VI , incumbentsince = 19 Ju ...
and ruled by the Viceroy of New Spain. Her birth year coincided with the
Mexican War of Independence The Mexican War of Independence ( es, Guerra de Independencia de México, links=no, 16 September 1810 – 27 September 1821) was an armed conflict and political process resulting in Mexico's independence from Spain. It was not a single, co ...
, which would catapult her father to fame and secure his place on the Mexican imperial throne. The Iturbides originated from minor
Spanish nobility Spanish nobles are persons who possess the legal status of hereditary nobility according to the laws and traditions of the Spanish monarchy and historically also those who held personal nobility as bestowed by one of the three highest orders of ...
of Basque descent, who came to Mexico in the mid-18th century. Juana had two elder siblings, Agustin Jeromino and Sabina, and several younger siblings: Josefa,
Ángel Angel is a given name meaning "angel", " messenger". In the English-speaking world Angel is used for both boys and girls. From the medieval Latin masculine name ''Angelus'', which was derived from the name of the heavenly creature (itself derived ...
, María,
Dolores Dolores, Spanish for "pain; grief", most commonly refers to: * Our Lady of Sorrows or La Virgen María de los Dolores * Dolores (given name) Dolores may also refer to: Film * ''Dolores'' (2017 film), an American documentary by Peter Bratt * ' ...
,
Salvador Salvador, meaning "salvation" (or "saviour") in Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese may refer to: * Salvador (name) Arts, entertainment, and media Music *Salvador (band), a Christian band that plays both English and Spanish music ** ''Salvador'' ( ...
, Felipe and Agustín Cosme. She was baptised as a
Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
. She was designated ''Princesa de México'' upon her father's accession in 1822. She was referred to as
Her Highness Highness (abbreviation HH, oral address Your Highness) is a formal style used to address (in second person) or refer to (in third person) certain members of a reigning or formerly reigning dynasty. It is typically used with a possessive adject ...
rather than Imperial Highness, which was reserved for the Prince Imperial. In 1823, during the last days of the Mexican Empire, Juana was the sixth in line to the throne, after her four brothers and elder sister. Her father
abdicated Abdication is the act of formally relinquishing monarchical authority. Abdications have played various roles in the succession procedures of monarchies. While some cultures have viewed abdication as an extreme abandonment of duty, in other societ ...
his throne after less than 10 months reign and the royal family was exiled from Mexico. On May 11, 1823, the royal family and some servants boarded the English ship "Rawlins", bound for
Livorno Livorno () is a port city on the Ligurian Sea on the western coast of Tuscany, Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Livorno, having a population of 158,493 residents in December 2017. It is traditionally known in English as Leghorn (pronou ...
, Italy. There her father rented a small country house and began to write his memoirs. Under pressure from Spain, Italy expelled the Iturbide family, and they moved to England. Iturbide returned to Mexico and was executed July 9, 1824, in Padilla,
Tamaulipas Tamaulipas (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tamaulipas ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Tamaulipas), is a state in the northeast region of Mexico; one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Federal Entiti ...
. The Dowager-Empress Ana Maria moved her family, including Juana, to the United States. They lived in Washington, D.C. and in
Philadelphia Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the sixth-largest city in the U.S., the second-largest city in both the Northeast megalopolis and Mid-Atlantic regions after New York City. Sinc ...
on Spruce St. near 13th, and later at 226 Broad St. Juana became a
novice A novice is a person who has entered a religious order and is under probation, before taking vows. A ''novice'' can also refer to a person (or animal e.g. racehorse) who is entering a profession A profession is a field of work that has ...
in the Visitation Monastery at Georgetown in Washington, D.C. On her deathbed, she professed herself a nun and took the name "Sister Margarita of Jesus, Marie and Joseph". She died at the age of 16 at the monastery, where she is also buried.


Decree

The Sovereign Mexican Constituent Congress decreed on June 22, 1822Digital UANL Studies of the General History of Mexico. VOLUME V
/ref> the following: *Art 1 °. The Mexican Monarchy, in addition to being moderate and Constitutional, is also hereditary. *Art 2 °. Consequently, the Nation calls the succession of the Crown for the death of the current Emperor, his firstborn son Don Agustín Jerónimo de Iturbide. The Constitution of the Empire will decide the order of succession of the throne. *Art 3 °. The crown prince will be called "Prince Imperial" and will have the treatment of Imperial Highness. *Art 4 °. The legitimate sons and daughters of H.I.M will be called "Mexican Princes", and will have the treatment of Highness. *Art 5 °. Don José Joaquín de Iturbide y Arreguí, Father of H.I.M, is decorated with the title of "Prince of the Union" and the treatment of Highness, during his life. *Art 6 °. It is also granted the title of "Princess of Iturbide" and the treatment of Highness, during his life, to Doña María Nicolasa de Iturbide y Arámburo, sister of the Emperor.


Ancestry


References


External links


Juana María de Iturbide y Huarte, princesa de MéxicoImperial House of Mexico
{{DEFAULTSORT:Iturbide y Huerta, Juana 1812 births 1828 deaths Mexican princes Mexican nobility Iturbide y Huarte, Juana Maria
Juana Juana is a Spanish female first name. It is the feminine form of Juan (English John), and thus corresponds to the English names Jane, Janet, Jean, Joan, and Joanna. Juanita is a common variant. The name Juana may refer to: People *Juana I (14 ...
Mexican Roman Catholic religious sisters and nuns 19th-century Mexican people Daughters of emperors Nobility of the Americas