Juan Henríquez de Villalobos (1630 – Madrid, 1689); Spanish soldier and administrator who, after participation in various European wars, was designated as governor of Chile by

Mariana of Austria Mariana of Austria ( es, Mariana de Austria) or Maria Anna (24 December 163416 May 1696) was List of Spanish royal consorts, Queen of Spain as the second wife of her uncle Philip IV of Spain from their marriage in 1649 until Philip died in 1665. ...

. In this position, between October 1670 and April 1682, he became, according to Chilean historiography, the epítome of the corrupt and nepotistic governor. His government tenure was darkened by a long series of litigations and accusations by

oidor An ''oidor'' () was a judge of the Royal ''Audiencias'' and ''Chancillerías'', originally courts of Kingdom of Castile, which became the highest organs of justice within the Spanish Empire. The term comes from the verb ''oír'', "to hear," referr ...

es of the

Real Audiencia of Santiago The Royal ''Audiencia'' of Santiago ( es, Real Audiencia de Santiago) was an ''Audiencia Real'' or royal law court that functioned in Santiago de Chile during the Spanish colonial period. This body heard both civil and criminal cases. It was founde ...

and other

vecino 'Vecino' means either "neighbour" or resident in modern Spanish. Historically in the Spanish Empire it referred instead to a householder of considerable social position in a town or a city, and was similar to "freeman" or "freeholder." Historic ...

s of the colony. He was one of the governors who left the position richer than he began, with not less than 900 thousand pesos, according to

Jose Toribio Medina Jose is the English transliteration of the Hebrew and Aramaic name ''Yose'', which is etymologically linked to ''Yosef'' or Joseph. The name was popular during the Mishnaic and Talmudic periods. * Jose ben Abin * Jose ben Akabya *Jose the Galile ...

. In the

War of Arauco The Arauco War was a long-running conflict between colonial Spaniards and the Mapuche people, mostly fought in the Araucanía (historic region), Araucanía. The conflict began at first as a reaction to the Spanish conquerors attempting to estab ...

, in January 1671 Henríquez held the

Parliament of Malloco The Parliament of Malloco was held between governor Juan Henríquez de Villalobos and leaders of the Mapuche in January 1671, at Malloco southwest of Santiago, Chile. One of the conditions stipulated in it was one in which each rehue of the Mapu ...

ending hostilities that began with the

Mapuche Insurrection of 1655 The Mapuche uprising of 1655 ( es, alzamiento mapuche de 1655 or ) was a series of coordinated Mapuche attacks against Spanish settlements and forts in colonial Chile. It was the worst military crisis in Chile in decades, and contemporaries even ...

. However, in 1672 Henríquez faced a Mapuche revolt, by the former toqui

Ayllicuriche Ayllicuriche or Huaillacuriche was a Mapuche Toqui, holding that command from 1672 to his death in 1673. In 1672, Ayllicuriche and other Mapuche leaders attempted a revolt to resist the terms of an earlier treaty that put Spanish officials in auth ...

and other leaders that he repressed before it went very far. March 1674 he was able to hold a festive Parliament of Concepcion to celebrate the end of hostilities.

Additional information

Sources

* * * 1630 births 1689 deaths Royal Governors of Chile Spanish generals People of the Arauco War University of Salamanca alumni {{Chile-mil-bio-stub