Juan Gualberto Guevara B.A. J.C.D. (12 July 1882 – 27 November 1954) was created on 18 February 1946 a Cardinal Priest by

Pope Pius XII Pope Pius XII ( it, Pio XII), born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli (; 2 March 18769 October 1958), was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 2 March 1939 until his death in October 1958. Before his e ...

. He was

Archbishop In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office. In most cases, such as the Catholic Church, there are many archbishops who either have jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province in addition to their own archdi ...

of Lima in the Roman Catholic Church. He was the first Cardinal of Peru.

Biography

Early life and education

He was born in ''Villa de Vitor'' in the Archdiocese of Arequipa. Educated at the

Seminary of San Jerónimo A seminary, school of theology, theological seminary, or divinity school is an educational institution for educating students (sometimes called ''seminarians'') in scripture, theology, generally to prepare them for ordination to serve as clergy, ...

, Arequipa and

University of San Agustin The University of San Agustin – Iloilo, also referred to by its acronym (USAI or as San Ag), is a private, Roman Catholic, research, coeducational, non-profit basic and higher education institution run by the Augustinian Province of Santo Ni� ...

. Graduated in 1912 with a Bachelor of Arts degree. Finally went to the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, where in 1922 he earned a doctorate in canon law.

Priesthood

He was ordained on 2 June 1906 in

Arequipa Arequipa (; Aymara and qu, Ariqipa) is a city and capital of province and the eponymous department of Peru. It is the seat of the Constitutional Court of Peru and often dubbed the "legal capital of Peru". It is the second most populated city ...

and worked as a parish priest from 1906 until 1910 in Arica, nowadays in Chile. He was expelled by the Chilean Government when it claimed the province that he was working in. He became Vice-

rector Rector (Latin for the member of a vessel's crew who steers) may refer to: Style or title *Rector (ecclesiastical), a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations *Rector (academia), a senior official in an edu ...

of the Seminary of Arequipa, in 1910, where he stayed for ten years until 1920. He was named

sacristan A sacristan is an officer charged with care of the sacristy, the church, and their contents. In ancient times, many duties of the sacrist were performed by the doorkeepers ( ostiarii), and later by the treasurers and mansionarii. The Decretals ...

of the cathedral of Arequipa 1916 - 1920. He worked as staff member of ''

El Deber ''El Deber'' is a newspaper published in Santa Cruz de la Sierra Santa Cruz de la Sierra (; "Holy Cross of the Mountain Range"), commonly known as Santa Cruz, is the largest city in Bolivia and the capital of the Santa Cruz department. Situa ...

'', oldest newspaper in southern Peru, 1916–1940 and its director 1928 - 1940.

Episcopate

Guevara was appointed Bishop of Trujillo by

on 15 December 1940. When the diocese of Trujillo was elevated to an archdiocese he became its first

archbishop In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office. In most cases, such as the Catholic Church, there are many archbishops who either have jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province in addition to their own archdi ...

on 23 May 1943. Appointed as ''Military Vicars of Peru '' on 13 January 1945 and retained that office until his death. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Lima on 16 December 1945.

Cardinalate

created him Cardinal Priest of '' Sant'Eusebio'' in the consistory of 18 February 1946. He was thus the first Peruvian cardinal ever created. Died in 1954 of cancer in Lima. Buried in the metropolitan cathedral of Lima.

Trivia

Guevara once told several mothers of bathing-suit

parade A parade is a procession of people, usually organized along a street, often in costume, and often accompanied by marching bands, float (parade), floats, or sometimes large balloons. Parades are held for a wide range of reasons, but are usually ce ...

contestants that such a parade would be contrary to religion and

modesty Modesty, sometimes known as demureness, is a mode of dress and deportment which intends to avoid the encouraging of sexual attraction in others. The word "modesty" comes from the Latin word ''wikt:modestus, modestus'' which means "keeping within ...

.TIME Magazine
American Beauty
21 November 1949

References

External links

* ttp://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bguevaraj.html Catholic Hierarchy data for this cardinal* {{DEFAULTSORT:Guevara, Juan 1882 births 1954 deaths Cardinals created by Pope Pius XII Peruvian cardinals 20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in Peru Burials at the Cathedral of Lima Roman Catholic archbishops of Trujillo Roman Catholic archbishops of Lima