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Juan Fernández Navarrete (1526 – 28 March 1579), or "de Navarrete", called ''El Mudo'' (The Mute), was a Spanish Mannerist painter, born at Logroño.
Abraham Receiving the Three Angels
(one of his last works, dated 1576, National Gallery of Ireland, Dublin). He executed many other altar-pieces, all characterized by boldness and freedom in design, and by the rich warm colouring which has acquired for him the surname of "the Spanish Titian." He died at the age of 52–53 in Toledo, Spain, Toledo.
Juan Fernández Navarrete (1526 – 28 March 1579), or "de Navarrete", called ''El Mudo'' (The Mute), was a Spanish Mannerist painter, born at Logroño.
Biography
An illness in infancy deprived Navarrete of his hearing, which affected his ability to learn to speak. At a very early age he began to express his wants by sketching objects with a piece ofcharcoal
Charcoal is a lightweight black carbon residue produced by strongly heating wood (or other animal and plant materials) in minimal oxygen to remove all water and volatile constituents. In the traditional version of this pyrolysis process, cal ...
. He received his first instructions in art from Fray Vicente de Santo Domingo, a Hieronymite monk at Estella
Estella may refer to:
People
* Diego de Estella (1524–1578)
* Estella Sneider (born 1950)
*Estella Warren (born 1978), Canadian actress
*Estella, the ''nom de guerre'' of Italian labor leader Teresa Noce
Fictional
*Estella Havisham, a charact ...
, and also with Becerra
Becerra is a Spanish language, Spanish surname ...
. He visited
Becerra is a Spanish language, Spanish surname ...Naples
Naples (; it, Napoli ; nap, Napule ), from grc, Νεάπολις, Neápolis, lit=new city. is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 909,048 within the city's adminis ...
, Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
, Florence
Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico an ...
and Milan
Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...
. Pellegrino Tibaldi
Pellegrino Tibaldi (Valsolda, 1527–Milan, 1596), also known as Pellegrino di Tibaldo de Pellegrini, was an Italian mannerism, mannerist architect, sculpture, sculptor, and mural Painting, painter.
Biography
Tibaldi was born in Puria di Valsol ...
met him in Rome in 1550.
According to most accounts he was for a considerable time the pupil and assistant of Titian
Tiziano Vecelli or Vecellio (; 27 August 1576), known in English as Titian ( ), was an Italians, Italian (Republic of Venice, Venetian) painter of the Renaissance, considered the most important member of the 16th-century Venetian school (art), ...
at Venice
Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 ...
. In 1568 Philip II of Spain
Philip II) in Spain, while in Portugal and his Italian kingdoms he ruled as Philip I ( pt, Filipe I). (21 May 152713 September 1598), also known as Philip the Prudent ( es, Felipe el Prudente), was King of Spain from 1556, King of Portugal from ...
summoned him to Madrid
Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...
with the title of king's painter and a salary, and employed him to execute pictures for the Escorial. During the 1560s and 1570s the huge monastery-palace of El Escorial was still under construction and Philip II was experiencing difficulties in finding good artists for the many large paintings required to decorate it. Titian was very old, and died in 1576, and Tintoretto
Tintoretto ( , , ; born Jacopo Robusti; late September or early October 1518Bernari and de Vecchi 1970, p. 83.31 May 1594) was an Italian painter identified with the Venetian school. His contemporaries both admired and criticized the speed with ...
, Veronese
Veronese is the Italian word denoting someone or something from Verona, Italy and may refer to:
* Veronese Riddle, a popular riddle in the Middle Ages
* ''Veronese'' (moth), a moth genus in the family Crambidae
* Monte Veronese, an Italian chees ...
and Anthonis Mor all refused to come to Spain. Philip had to rely on the lesser talent of Navarrete, whose ''gravedad y decoro'' ("seriousness and decorum") the king approved. For eleven years until his death Navarrete worked largely on El Escorial.Trevor-Roper, Hugh; ''Princes and Artists, Patronage and Ideology at Four Habsburg Courts 1517-1633'', Thames & Hudson, London, 1976, pp. 62-68
The most celebrated of the works he produced there are a "Nativity of Jesus in art, Nativity" (in which, as in the well-known work on the same subject by Antonio da Correggio, Correggio, the light emanates from the infant Saviour), a "Baptism of Christ" (now Prado), andAbraham Receiving the Three Angels
(one of his last works, dated 1576, National Gallery of Ireland, Dublin). He executed many other altar-pieces, all characterized by boldness and freedom in design, and by the rich warm colouring which has acquired for him the surname of "the Spanish Titian." He died at the age of 52–53 in Toledo, Spain, Toledo.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Navarrette, Juan Fernandez 1526 births 1579 deaths 16th-century Spanish painters Spanish male painters People from Logroño Mannerist painters Deaf artists Spanish deaf people Catholic painters