Juan Chapín is a character created by Guatemalan writer

José Milla y Vidaurre José Milla y Vidaurre (August 4, 1822 in Guatemala City, First Mexican Empire — Guatemala City, Guatemala September 30, 1882) was a notable Guatemalan writer of the 19th century. He was also known by the name Pepe Milla and the pseudonym Salomé ...

in his novel ''Un viaje al otro mundo pasando por otras partes'' -A trip to the other world, going through other parts-, which he wrote while in exile in Europe after the

Liberal revolution of 1871 Liberal or liberalism may refer to: Politics * a supporter of liberalism ** Liberalism by country * an adherent of a Liberal Party * Liberalism (international relations) * Sexually liberal feminism * Social liberalism Arts, entertainment and ...

. Milla y Vidaurre had been a close friend of general

Rafael Carrera José Rafael Carrera y Turcios (24 October 1814 – 14 April 1865) was the president of Guatemala from 1844 to 1848 and from 1851 until his death in 1865, after being appointed President for life in 1854. During his military career and presiden ...

, who had ruled

Guatemala Guatemala ( ; ), officially the Republic of Guatemala ( es, República de Guatemala, links=no), is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico; to the northeast by Belize and the Caribbean; to the east by H ...

until his death in 1865. Milla also worked in the Foreign Minister during Carrera's regime. From 1871 to 1874, Milla visited several countries in North America and Europe and used his character Juan Chapín -to whom he explains everything they come across in Europe- to represent the average Guatemalan of his day.

Character description

Milla y Vidaurre started describing the authentic "chapín"- that is, the typical Guatemalan- in his book ''Cuadros de costumbres'' -Custom portraits-,: «The real and genuine chapín type, such as it existed at the beginning of this century,Milla refers here to the 19th century. it is vanishing, little by little, and maybe after a while it will disappear altogether. ..The chapín is a group of good qualities and defects, making him very similar in this to the rest of the individuals in the human race, but with the difference that his virtues and drawbacks have certain peculiar character, resulting from special circumstances. He is friendly, a good host, a helping hand, religious, smart; and even though in general he is not talented when it comes to initiative, he is particularly apt to imitate what others have already invented. He has had a hard life and is no coward in the face of danger. Likes to tell tall tales; after the first impressions, his natural good judgment analyzes and discusses, and if, like it often happens, he finds out that we was admiring a low worthy object, he turns his back to it and forgets about his yesterday idol. The chapín is apathetic and customary; he does not go to appointments, and when he does, he is always tardy; he cares about others business a little too much and has an amazing ability to find the funny and ridiculous side of men and things. The true chapín (and here I do not speak about the one that has altered his type by adopting overseas manners), love his country with a passion, frequently understanding for country the city where he was born; and it as attached to his city as a turtle with its shell. For him, Guatemala is better than

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

; we would not change the chocolate for either tea nor coffee (in which he is absolutely right). He likes tamales more than the vol-au-vent, and prefers a ''"pepián"'' dish to the most delicious roastbeef. ..He speaks an antique Spanish: ''vos, habís, tené, andá''; and his conversation is adorned with Guatemalan slang, very expressive and colorful. He eats lunch at two in the afternoon: shaves on Thursdays and Sundays, unless he has a cold, in which case he does not do it even if his life depends on it; he is fifty years old, and he is still being called "niño fulano" -baby Joe-; he has been attending the same evening gathering for the last fifteen years, where he has a chronic love that will last until he or she goes six feet under.» In the first volume of his novel, Milla y Vidaurre tells the story of his trip by boat to

San Francisco San Francisco (; Spanish language, Spanish for "Francis of Assisi, Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the List of Ca ...

and then on to

New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...

on the transcontinental railroad in 1871.; all his adventures have poignant comments from Juan Chapín. He are some of his reflections: * About women being in charge of the post office: «Women handling the post office! You are not going to make me swallow that one, even after killing me. If they are extremely curious! They will not leave any single letter unread.» * After noticing the cosmetics and creams ads along

Sierra Nevada The Sierra Nevada () is a mountain range in the Western United States, between the Central Valley of California and the Great Basin. The vast majority of the range lies in the state of California, although the Carson Range spur lies primarily ...

: «Look at this people, sir! A thinkg that the day we reach Purgatory (which I hope is the latest possible), we will find on the door the ads of the Yankee doctors, that are trying to sell pills and medicines to the souls there, even!» * After having to rush eating his lunch so he could hop in a train on time: «:Like half an hour more or less for each stop would mean a great deal at the end of journey!»

''Juan Chapín'' magazine

Guatemalan 1910 Generation was formed, among others, of writers that under the influx of

Modernism Modernism is both a philosophy, philosophical and arts movement that arose from broad transformations in Western world, Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The movement reflected a desire for the creation of new fo ...

, started writings on their own. They even had their own magazine: ''Juan Chapín'' which was directed by

Rafael Arévalo Martínez Rafael Arévalo Martínez (25 July 1884, Guatemala City –12 June 1975, Guatemala City) was a Guatemalan writer. He was a novelist, short-story writer, poet, diplomat, and director of Guatemala’s national library for more than 20 years. Thoug ...

and Francisco Fernandez. The magazine was their propaganda channel, and even though it was short lived -less than a year in 1913- it was the vehicle by which several new writers started their careers.

«Juan Chapín» Avenue

«Juan Chapín» avenue is located in zone 1 of

Guatemala City Guatemala City ( es, Ciudad de Guatemala), known locally as Guatemala or Guate, is the capital and largest city of Guatemala, and the most populous urban area in Central America. The city is located in the south-central part of the country, nest ...

, and was named to honor this particular character. It was built to improve the north side of the city, at a time when it was expanding exponentially to its south side. The idea was to connect in more direct way the transit coming from the Guarda of Gulf and Guarda of Chinautla city accesses and get to earn some equity for the neighboring land. Construction was done by jail prisoners and it was inaugurated on 11 November 1933, during general

Jorge Ubico Jorge Ubico Castañeda (10 November 1878 – 14 June 1946), nicknamed Number Five or also Central America's Napoleon, was a Guatemalan dictator. A general in the Guatemalan army, he was elected to the presidency in 1931, in an election where ...

presidency.

References

Bibliography

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Notes