Juan Antonio Bustillo y Ceballos (Zevallos) was a soldier and politician who served as governor of Province of Texas (1730–1734) and

Coahuila Coahuila (), formally Coahuila de Zaragoza (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Coahuila de Zaragoza ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza), is one of the 32 states of Mexico. Coahuila borders the Mexican states of N ...

New Spain New Spain, officially the Viceroyalty of New Spain ( es, Virreinato de Nueva España, ), or Kingdom of New Spain, was an integral territorial entity of the Spanish Empire, established by Habsburg Spain during the Spanish colonization of the Am ...

(1754–1756). He also served as ''alcalde ordinario'' (ordinary mayor) in Mexico City.

Early life

Ceballos was born between the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. He settled in Texas in 1723, living there for twelve years.

Governor in Texas

Between 1724 and 1731 he served as

captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...

of the Presidio Nuestra Señora de Loreto de la Bahía. In 1730, he helped restore Querétaro missions in

San Antonio ("Cradle of Freedom") , image_map = , mapsize = 220px , map_caption = Interactive map of San Antonio , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = United States , subdivision_type1= U.S. state, State , subdivision_name1 = Texas , s ...

(originally were in East Texas) and in the following year, the

viceroy A viceroy () is an official who reigns over a polity in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory. The term derives from the Latin prefix ''vice-'', meaning "in the place of" and the French word ''roy'', meaning "k ...

of New Spain, Juan de Acuña, appointed him governor of Texas. He arrived to

Los Adaes Los Adaes was the capital of Tejas on the northeastern frontier of New Spain from 1729 to 1770. It included a mission, San Miguel de Cuellar de los Adaes, and a presidio, Nuestra Señora del Pilar de Los Adaes (Our Lady of the Pillar of the Adae ...

, Texas' capital, on April 28, 1731, carrying ''several hundred of heads of livestock'' and many supplies. He promoted the settlement of Spanish settlers from the

Canary Islands The Canary Islands (; es, Canarias, ), also known informally as the Canaries, are a Spanish autonomous community and archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, in Macaronesia. At their closest point to the African mainland, they are west of Morocc ...

in Bexar (modern San Antonio) in 1731. In the following year, Bustillo led a military confrontation against the

Apaches The Apache () are a group of culturally related Native American tribes in the Southwestern United States, which include the Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Mimbreño, Ndendahe (Bedonkohe or Mogollon and Nednhi or Carrizaleño and ...

, which took place between the San Xavier ( San Gabriel) and San Saba rivers. The troop was made up of two hundreds and twenty men, mostly Spaniards but also sixty Native Americans, and managed to defeat the Apaches. After this, there were no more Apache attacks, raids or wars for a while. Later, in 1734, Bustillo decided to leave his position as governor, being replaced by

Manuel de Sandoval Manuel de Sandoval was a prominent Neomexican soldier who served as governor of Coahuila (1729–1733 ) and Texas (1734–1736). During his administration in Texas, he lived in and worked on the problems of Bexar, but he neglected Los Adaes, wh ...

, and he took the road back to Mexico.

Mexico

In Mexico he won major political offices. He was appointed ''alcalde ordinaro'' (ordinary mayor) of

Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley o ...

. In 1751, he worked for the

Audiencia Real A ''Real Audiencia'' (), or simply an ''Audiencia'' ( ca, Reial Audiència, Audiència Reial, or Audiència), was an appellate court in Spain and its empire. The name of the institution literally translates as Royal Audience. The additional des ...

, the main administrative court of the Viceroyalty. At this time, the Audience approved the establishment of several missions in San Javier, even though Bustillo did not support their foundations (as he explained in 1746). Three years later, in 1754, Bustillo was appointed deputy governor and acting governor of

. On December 21 of that year, Bustillo helped

Franciscan The Franciscans are a group of related Mendicant orders, mendicant Christianity, Christian Catholic religious order, religious orders within the Catholic Church. Founded in 1209 by Italian Catholic friar Francis of Assisi, these orders include t ...

Alonso Giraldo de Terreros in the founding of the Mission San Lorenzo, in the vicinity of San Fernando de Austria, Coahuila.

Legacy

The

San Saba River The San Saba River is a river in the U.S. state of Texas. It is an undeveloped and scenic waterway located on the northern boundary of the Edwards Plateau. Course The river begins in two primary branches. The North Valley Prong runs east throu ...

was named by Bustillo y Ceballos in 1732. He called it ''Río de San Sabá de las Nueces'', because he and his troops had arrived on the

feast day The calendar of saints is the traditional Christian method of organizing a liturgical year by associating each day with one or more saints and referring to the day as the feast day or feast of said saint. The word "feast" in this context d ...

of St. Sabbas, which was held in honor of a sixth-century monk.

References

External links

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ceballos, Juan Antonio Bustillo Y Governors of Coahuila Governors of Spanish Texas 1750s in Mexico 1730s in Texas