José Sabogal ( Cajabamba, March 19, 1888 – Lima, December 15, 1956) was a Peruvian

painter Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or "support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and ai ...

and muralist who was "the most renowned early supporter" and thus a leader in the artistic indigenist movement of his country. As Daniel Balderston, Mike Gonzalez, and Ana M. López assert, Sabogal "became Peru's militant indigenist and aesthetic nationalist, and led this movement for the next thirty years.

Biography

He was born in Cajabamba, Cajamarca, Peru and traveled extensively in Europe (particularly Italy) and North Africa from 1908 to 1913 before enrolling in the National School of Fine Arts in Buenos Aires, Argentina where he studied for five years. In 1922 he married a poet and writer

María Wiesse María Jesús Isabel Wiesse Romero (19 November 1894, Lima – 29 July 1964, Lima) was a Peruvian poet, writer, essayist, anthologist, and film critic. Early life and education María Wiesse was born on 19 November 1894 in Lima. Her parents w ...

. The couple had two children: José Rodolfo Sabogal Wiesse (1923-1983) and Rosa Teresa Sabogal Wiesse (1925-1985). Sabogal taught at the Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes, Lima (National School of Fine Arts, Lima) from 1920 onward. He served as its director from 1932 to 1943. Afterward Sabogal and Luis E. Valcárel cofounded the Instituto Libre de Arte Peruano (Free Institute of Peruvian Arts) at the Museo Nacional de la Cultura Peruana (National Museum of Peruvian Culture). His granddaughter, Isabel Sabogal (born 1958), is a bilingual (Spanish-Polish) novelist, poet, translator and astrologer.

Indigenism

Although Sabogal's own descent was Spanish rather than indigenous, he promoted pre-Columbian culture and esthetics. A six month stay in Cuzco prompted his indigenism; he took an interest in depicting the city and its inhabitants. In 1919 his Cuzco paintings attracted attention at an exhibition in Lima. As Jane Turner explains, "in 1919 was the first exhibition of the work of JOSÉ SABOGAL at the Casa Brandes in Lima, an event that would be immensely influential on the future..." Sabogal decided to promote Peruvian art to international audiences after a 1922 visit to Mexico where he met Diego Rivera,

José Clemente Orozco José Clemente Orozco (November 23, 1883 – September 7, 1949) was a Mexican caricaturist and painter, who specialized in political murals that established the Mexican Mural Renaissance together with murals by Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Sique ...

, and

David Alfaro Siqueiros David Alfaro Siqueiros (born José de Jesús Alfaro Siqueiros; December 29, 1896 – January 6, 1974) was a Mexican social realist painter, best known for his large public murals using the latest in equipment, materials and technique. Along with ...

. These efforts were so successful that in "the field of the visual arts, the most striking phenomenon of the 1920s was the rise of José Sabogal (1888-1956), founder and long-time leader of the so-called '

Peruvian School Peruvians ( es, peruanos) are the citizens of Peru. There were Andean and coastal ancient civilizations like Caral, which inhabited what is now Peruvian territory for several millennia before the Spanish conquest in the 16th century; Peruvian ...

' of painting."

Written work

* ''Mates burilados: Arte vernacular peruano'' (1945); * '' Pancho Fierro, estampas del pintor peruano'' (1945); * ''El toro en las artes populares del Perú'' (The bull in the Peruvian popular arts) (1949); * ''El "kero", vaso de libaciones cusqueño de madera pintada'' (1952); * ''El desván de la imaginería peruana'' (1956, 1988); * ''Del arte en el Perú y otros ensayos'' (About Peruvian art and other essays) (1975).''Del arte en el Perú y otros ensayos''
/ref>

Bibliography

* Shreffler, Michael J. and Jessica Welton. ''Garcilaso de la Vega and the "New Peruvian Man": José Sabogal’s frescoes at the Hotel Cuzco.'' Art History. (Jan/Feb 2010, Vol 33), 124–149.

External links

José Sabogal's work in the peruvian digital art archive

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sabogal, Jose 1888 births 1956 deaths People from Cajabamba Province Peruvian people of Spanish descent 20th-century Peruvian painters 20th-century Peruvian male artists Peruvian essayists Jose 20th-century essayists 20th-century Peruvian writers 20th-century male writers Peruvian male writers Male essayists Peruvian muralists Peruvian male painters