José Marín de Velasco was a Governor of Chiloé in the early 18th century. He was named Royal Governor of Chiloé by the King of Spain in 1708 by doing a monetary contribution—or in other words ''

de facto ''De facto'' ( ; , "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, whether or not they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms. It is commonly used to refer to what happens in practice, in contrast with ''de jure'' ("by la ...

'' purchasing the office.Urbina Burgos, R. (2012)
Notas para el estudio del oficio de Gobernador de Chiloé durante el periodo indiano
'' Revista Chilena de Historia del Derecho'', (10), pp. 205-219.

Conflict with Garzón and Huilliche rebellion

During his governance his authority was challenged by captain Alejandro Garzón Garaicochea who claimed he too was governor. Garzón presented a letter from the

Royal Governor of Chile The Royal Governor of Chile ruled over the Spanish colonial administrative district called the Captaincy General of Chile, and as a result the Royal Governor also held the title of a Captain General. There were 66 such governors or captains du ...

Juan Andrés de Ustariz to the cabildo of

Castro Castro is a Romance language word that originally derived from Latin ''castrum'', a pre-Roman military camp or fortification (cf: Greek: ''kastron''; Proto-Celtic:''*Kassrik;'' br, kaer, *kastro). The English-language equivalent is '' chester''. ...

where he was assigned governor in case of Marín's absence. Garzón interpreted that as he being the governor in

Calbuco Calbuco is a city and commune in southern Chile administered by the Municipality of Calbuco. Administratively Calbuco belongs to the Llanquihue Province of Los Lagos Region. The origin of the city was the Spanish Fort Calbuco founded in 1603, an ...

when Marín was in Chacao, and governor in Chacao when Marín was in Castro. Marín ordered Garzón to meet him at the fort of Chacao in 1712, if not his actions were to be considered treason towards the king. When Garzón did not compel with the order Marín gathered the cavalry of Chacao and requested the aid of the militia of

. Garzón chose to leave Calbuco with "all the soldiers of the fort and 40

indios reyunos During colonial times indios reyunos was a term to designate a group of huilliche ''yanakuna'' that settled in the area of Calbuco and Abtao, Southern Chile. This group originated from the indigenous peoples that stayed loyal to the Spanish after t ...

" and travelled to

Central Chile Central Chile (''Zona central'') is one of the five natural regions into which CORFO divided continental Chile in 1950. It is home to a majority of the Chilean population and includes the three largest metropolitan areas—Santiago, Valparaís ...

via the

Nahuel Huapi Nahuel Huapi National Park () is the oldest national park in Argentina, established in 1934. It surrounds Nahuel Huapi Lake in the foothills of the Patagonian Andes. The largest of the national parks in the region, it has an area of , or nearl ...

route. Local

Huilliche The Huilliche , Huiliche or Huilliche-Mapuche are the southern partiality of the Mapuche macroethnic group of Chile. Located in the Zona Sur, they inhabit both Futahuillimapu ("great land of the south") and, as the Cunco subgroup, the north hal ...

s took advantage of the conflicts among the Spaniards and the weakening of the forces caused by Garzón's departure and launched a considerable rebellion. Marín's with the aid of Spaniards and loyal Indians repressed rebellion.

Suspension and restitution

Garzón accused Marín of triggering the rebellion by abusing the indigenous peoples. In face of the events and Garzón's accusation Ustariz sent Pedro de Molina Vasconcelos as judge to the

Governorate of Chiloé The Governorate of Chiloé was political and military subdivision of the Spanish Empire that existed, with a 1784–1789 interregnum, from 1567 to 1826. The Governorate of Chiloé depended on the Captaincy General of Chile until the late 18th cent ...

. Molina destituted Marín as governor. Molina found Marín guilty among other things of allowing the kidnapping of children, and allowing abuses of the

Encomienda The ''encomienda'' () was a Spanish labour system that rewarded conquerors with the labour of conquered non-Christian peoples. The labourers, in theory, were provided with benefits by the conquerors for whom they laboured, including military ...

system. The 1715

trial of residence A ''juicio de residencia'' (literally, ''judgment of residence'') was a judicial procedure of Castilian law and the Laws of the Indies. It consisted of this: at the termination of a public functionary's term, his performance in office was subject ...

of Ustariz changed the situation as Ustariz was accused of having supported Garzón's

insubordination Insubordination is the act of willfully disobeying a lawful order of one's superior. It is generally a punishable offense in hierarchical organizations such as the armed forces, which depend on people lower in the chain of command obeying orders ...

and protecting him afterwards. This done, Marín was reconstituted as Royal Governor of Chiloé in 1715.

References

Royal Governors of Chiloé Captaincy General of Chile people {{mil-hist-stub