José María Justo Cos y Macho (6 August 1838 – 17 December 1919) was a Spanish

Cardinal Cardinal or The Cardinal may refer to: Animals * Cardinal (bird) or Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds **''Cardinalis'', genus of cardinal in the family Cardinalidae **''Cardinalis cardinalis'', or northern cardinal, the ...

of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Valladolid from 1901 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1911.

Biography

José Cos was born in Terán,

Cabuérniga Cabuérniga () is a municipality located in the autonomous community of Cantabria, Spain. According to the 2007 census, the city has a population of 999 inhabitants. Its capital is Valle Valle may refer to: * Valle (surname) Geography *"Valle" ...

, Cantabria, and

baptized Baptism (from grc-x-koine, βάπτισμα, váptisma) is a form of ritual purification—a characteristic of many religions throughout time and geography. In Christianity, it is a Christian sacrament of initiation and adoption, almost ...

in the parish of Santa Eulalia three days later, on 9 August 1838. He studied at the

Jesuit , image = Ihs-logo.svg , image_size = 175px , caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits , abbreviation = SJ , nickname = Jesuits , formation = , founders ...

School in Segura, Seminary of ''Monte Corbán'' in

Santander Santander may refer to: Places * Santander, Spain, a port city and capital of the autonomous community of Cantabria, Spain * Santander Department, a department of Colombia * Santander State, former state of Colombia * Santander de Quilichao, a m ...

, and the University of Salamanca, where he obtained his doctorate in theology. Cos was ordained to the priesthood in September 1862, and finished his studies in 1864. He taught at the Conciliar Seminary of Santander from 1862 to 1865, and became a canon ''magister'' of the Cathedral of Oviedo in 1865. He was named secretary to Bishop Sebastián Espinosa de los Monteros in 1882, and

archdeacon An archdeacon is a senior clergy position in the Church of the East, Chaldean Catholic Church, Syriac Orthodox Church, Anglican Communion, St Thomas Christians, Eastern Orthodox churches and some other Christian denominations, above that o ...

of the cathedral chapter of Córdoba in 1884, which he later exchanged for the post of canon ''maestreescuela'' of the cathedral chapter of

Oviedo Oviedo (; ast, Uviéu ) is the capital city of the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain and the administrative and commercial centre of the region. It is also the name of the municipality that contains the city. Oviedo is located ap ...

. On 10 June 1886 Cos was appointed

Bishop of Mondoñedo A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is ca ...

by Pope Leo XIII. He received his episcopal consecration on the following 12 September from Archbishop Victoriano Guisasola y Rodríguez, with Bishops

Ramón Martínez Vigil Ramón Martínez Vigil (12 September 1840 – 17 August 1904) was a Spanish priest, bishop of Oviedo. References External linksCatholic Hierarchy page

, OP, and José Mazarrasa y Rivas serving as

co-consecrators A consecrator is a bishop who ordains someone to the episcopacy. A co-consecrator is someone who assists the consecrator bishop in the act of ordaining a new bishop. The terms are used in the canon law of the Catholic Church, Lutheran Churches, ...

, in the Cathedral of Oviedo. Cos was promoted to Archbishop of Santiago de Cuba on 14 February 1889 and served as a

senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

of the

Spanish Kingdom , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...

from 1891 until his death. He was later named Bishop of Madrid-Alcalá (with the personal title of "Archbishop") on 11 June 1892, and Archbishop of Valladolid on 18 April 1901.

Pope Pius X Pope Pius X ( it, Pio X; born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto; 2 June 1835 – 20 August 1914) was head of the Catholic Church from 4 August 1903 to his death in August 1914. Pius X is known for vigorously opposing modernist interpretations of C ...

created him Cardinal Priest of '' Santa Maria del Popolo'' in the consistory of 27 November 1911. Cos was one of the

cardinal electors A cardinal ( la, Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae cardinalis, literally 'cardinal of the Holy Roman Church') is a senior member of the clergy of the Catholic Church. Cardinals are created by the ruling pope and typically hold the title for life. Col ...

who participated in the

1914 papal conclave The 1914 papal conclave was held to choose a successor to Pope Pius X, who had died in the Vatican on 20 August 1914. Political context Europe was already at war and the new pope would face the question of maintaining neutrality or assume mora ...

, which selected Pope Benedict XV. Between the death of Joaquín Beltrán y Asensio on 3 November 1917 and the appointment of

Enrique Pla y Deniel Enrique Pla y Deniel (December 19, 1876 – July 5, 1968) was a Spanish cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He came from a rich Barcelona family and trained at the local seminary and the Gregorian University in Rome before an early career in ...

on 4 December 1918, he served as Apostolic Administrator of

Ávila Ávila (, , ) is a city of Spain located in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is the capital and most populated municipality of the Province of Ávila. It lies on the right bank of the Adaja river. Located more than 1,130 m abov ...

. Cardinal Cos died from bronchopneumonia in Valladolid, at the age of 81. He is buried in the metropolitan cathedral of Valladolid.

References

External links

Catholic-Hierarchy

Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cos y Macho, Jose 1838 births 1919 deaths People from the Saja and Nansa Valleys Clergy from Cantabria 20th-century Spanish cardinals 19th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in Spain 20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in Spain University of Salamanca alumni Cardinals created by Pope Pius X Roman Catholic archbishops of Santiago de Cuba